scholarly journals Isolation, screening, degradation characteristics of a quinclorac-degrading bacteria D and its potential of bioremediation for rice field environment polluted by quinclorac

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Huang ◽  
Jiuyue PAN ◽  
Mancuo TUWANG ◽  
Hongyan LI ◽  
Chenyi MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Cellulosimicrobium Cellulans ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Quinclorac (QNC) is a highly selective, hormonal, and low-toxic herbicide with a long duration. And the growth and development of subsequent crops are easily affected by QNC accumulated in the soil. In this paper, a QNC-degrading strain D was isolated and screened from the rice paddy soil. Through morphology, physiological and biochemical tests and 16Sr DNA gene analysis, strain D was identified as Cellulosimicrobium cellulans sp. And the QNC degradation characteristics of strain D were studied. Under the optimal culture conditions, the QNC-degrading rate was 45.9% after culturing for 21 days. The QNC-degrading efficiency of strain D in the field was evaluated by a simulated pot experiment. The results show that strain D can promote the growth of rice and QNC-degrading effectively. This research could provide a new bacterial species for microbial degradation of QNC and lay a theoretical foundation for further research on QNC remediation .

scholarly journals Occurrence of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in soil in Kukawa, Borno State

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
IA Allamin ◽  
UJJ Ijah ◽  
HY Ismail ◽  
ML Riskuwa
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
As Species ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

Soil samples were collected from five sites covering petroleum exploration station in Kukawa, Kukawa Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria between October, 2012 and February, 2013 at two different depths (0-10cm and 10-20cm) to enumerate and identify hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in the soil. Total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (TAHB) were enumerated on Nutrient agar (NA), and Hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) enumerated on Oil agar (OA). The bacterial isolates were identified using morphological and biochemical tests. It was observed that the microorganisms (TAHB, and HUB) were more densely populated at 10cm depth. (TAHB: 5.3×108 - 11.4×108cfu/g, and HUB: 2.4×105 - 5.3×105 cfu/g, than at 20 cm depth (TAHB: 3.0×108 - 5.7×108 cfu/g, and HUB: 2.1×105 - 4.8×105 cfu/g). The HUB was identified as species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, and Actinomyces. Bacillus, and Pseudomonas species were more constantly isolated than other isolates and they constitute 100% of total bacterial isolates. The potential of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria isolated to degrade hydrocarbon was studied. Nineteen (19) bacterial species was screened, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus leteus,and Lactobacillus casei, utilized and degrade crude oil at considerably high rates after 21 days of incubation. The degradation efficiency was confirmed by GC-MS analysis, which indicated that the bacterial isolates utilized most of the crude oil components particularly straight chain alkanes and cycloalkanes DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10503 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 36-47

The Toxicity of Castor Beans and its Treatment with Doxycycline in Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael Mohammed Sarheed ◽  
Osamah Faisal Kokas ◽  
Doaa Abd Alabas Muhammed Ridh
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water, which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes (P less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportion in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.

scholarly journals Screening, Identification and Growth-Promotion Products of Multifunctional Bacteria in a Chinese Fir Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Guangyu Zhao ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
Jiaqi Chen ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Purpose: This research was aimed to screen and identify multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria of a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation and study its phosphorus-dissolving characteristics in order to provide strain resources and a theoretical basis for developing the appropriate bacterial fertilizer of a Chinese fir plantation. Methods: First, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated from the woodland soil of a Chinese fir plantation by Pikovskava inorganic phosphorus medium (PVK). Then, some growth-promoting indicators of primary screening strains were determined, including the capacity of phosphorus-solubilized, nitrogenase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), secretion of iron carrier and so on. Finally, the screening multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were identified, which were combined with colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular biotechnology. Results: (1) Thirteen phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were isolated and screened in total, and P5 (195.61 mg·L−1) had the strongest capacity of phosphorus-solubilized. Five phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were provided with nitrogenase activity, and the highest activity of nitrogenase was P10 and P5 (71.90 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1 and 71.00 C2H4 nmol·mL−1·h−1, respectively). Four strains were provided with ACC deaminase activity, and the highest activity of ACC deaminase was P5 and P9, (0.74 μmol·mg−1·h−1 and 0.54 μmol·mg−1·h−1, respectively). Most strains could secrete IAA, and three strains of bacteria had a strong secretory ability, which could secrete IAA with a concentration greater than 15 mg·mL−1, and P5 was 18.00, P2 was 17.30, P6 was 15.59 (mg·mL−1). P5 produced carriers of iron better than others, and the ratio of the diameter of the iron production carrier ring to the diameter of the colony was 1.80, respectively, which was significantly higher than other strains. Combining all kinds of factors, P5 multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving bacteria were screened for eventual further study. (2) Strain P5 was identified as Burkholderia ubonensis, based on the colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests, 16SrDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction. Conclusion: P5 has a variety of high-efficiency growth-promoting capabilities, and the ability to produce IAA, ACC deaminase activity and siderophore performance are significantly higher than other strains, which had great potential in the development of microbial fertilizer.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Bacterial Strain Enterobacter cloacae (Accession No. KX438060.1) Capable of Degrading DDTs Under Aerobic Conditions and Its Use in Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863612110242
Author(s):  
Sonal Suman ◽  
Tanuja
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

DDT is one of the most persistent pesticides among all the different types of organo-chlorine pesticides used. Among all the degradation methods, bacterial degradation of DDT is most effective. The present study was conducted to isolate different bacteria present in waste samples which have the ability to degrade DDT present in the soil in the minimum possible period of time and to observe the effect of different physical and chemical properties of the soil samples. Many pesticide degrading bacteria were isolated and identified through cultural, biochemical tests and further identified by 16S RNA sequencing method. The most potent strain DDT 1 growth in mineral salt medium supplemented with DDT as the only source of carbon (5-100 PPM) and was monitored at an optical density of 600 nm. The growth parameters at different physio-chemical conditions were further optimized. The result showed that Enterobacter cloacae had maximum growth in 15 days. FTIR analysis of the residual DDT after 15 days incubation showed that Enterobacter cloacae was able to degrade pesticide into its further metabolites of DDD, DDE, DDNU and other components can be used for biodegradation of DDT present in contaminated soil and water ecosystems.

scholarly journals Halalkalicoccus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from shrimp jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2296-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Woon Roh ◽  
Young-Do Nam ◽  
Ho-Won Chang ◽  
Youlboong Sung ◽  
Kyoung-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A novel, extremely halophilic archaeon B3T was isolated from shrimp-salted seafood. Its morphology, physiology, biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence were characterized. Strain B3T is non-motile, Gram-variable, requires at least 10 % (w/v) NaCl for growth and grows in the ranges of 21–50 °C and pH 6.5–9.0. The DNA G+C content of strain B3T was 63.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain B3T belonged to the genus Halalkalicoccus and was phylogenetically closely related to the type strain Halalkalicoccus tibetensis (98.64 %). However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed 7.0 % relatedness between strain B3T and a strain of a reference species of the genus Halalkalicoccus. Combined analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA–DNA relatedness data, physiological and biochemical tests indicated that the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics differentiate strain B3T from other Halalkalicoccus species. On the basis of the evidence presented in this report, strain B3T represents a novel species of the genus Halalkalicoccus, for which the name Halalkalicoccus jeotgali. sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B3T (=KCTC 4019T=DSM 18796T=JCM 14584T=CECT 7217T).

scholarly journals Identification and antibiogram study of bacterial species isolated from milk samples of different locations in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Nuruzzaman Munsi ◽  
Nathu Ram Sarker ◽  
Razia Khatun ◽  
Mohammed Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
First Choice

Cow’s milk containing pathogenic bacteria is an important threat to the consumers. The objectives of the present study were to identify the bacterial agents of public health importance in milk samples (n=35) of different locations and to determine their sensitivity to different antibiotics. The milk samples were collected and transported aseptically and subsequently allowed for culture in bacteriological media, Gram’s staining and biochemical tests for the identification of bacterial species. The bacteria identified were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, and their prevalence, in case of vendor milk specimens (n=28), were 96.43%, 53.57% and 35.71% respectively, and of brand milk specimens (n=7), were 42.86 %, 28.57% and 0%, respectively. This suggests that cautionary measures should be taken for quality milk production and consumption. The antibiotic sensitivity test was done by disc diffusion method and the average inhibition zones, in case of Staphylococcus aureus, were 32 mm for oxytetracycline, 26 mm for amoxicillin, 35 mm for ciprofloxacin, 27 mm for cefotaxime, 30 mm for ceftriaxone, 30 mm for azithromycin, and 26 mm for erythromycin; in case of Escherichia coli, were 5 mm for oxytetracycline, 9 mm for amoxicillin, 22 mm for ciprofloxacin, 30 mm for cefotaxime, 31 mm for ceftriaxone, 15 mm for azithromycin, and 0 mm for erythromycin; in case of Salmonella typhi., were 25 mm for oxytetracycline, 24 mm for amoxicillin, 38 mm for ciprofloxacin, 31 mm for cefotaxime, 34 mm for ceftriaxone, 24 mm for azithromycin, and 0 mm for erythromycin. Therefore, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone may be the antibiotics of first choice, and cefotaxime and azithromycin may be the second choice among the test antibiotics for the treatment of illness caused by these bacteria.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 457-462

New records of Cyanobacterial morphotypes with Leptolyngbya indica sp. nov. from terrestrial biofilms of the Lower Gangetic Plain, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANOJIT DEBNATH ◽  
TARKESHWAR SINGH ◽  
PUNYASLOKE BHADURY
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
New Records ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Rice Field Soil ◽  
Green Remediation ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Macroscopic cyanobacterial biofilms were collected from alluvial plain soils and estuarine mangrove soils representing the Lower Gangetic Plains of South East Asia (India). The composition of the biofilms was investigated using light microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy of collected samples. In this study four simple trichal non-heterocytous morphotypes were found to be unique. Out of four, three morphotypes clearly showed differences with respect to described taxa as based on most recent taxonomic classification and possibly represent new report from the Indian subcontinent. One morphotype was successfully established under culture conditions and described as Leptolyngbya indica sp. nov. isolated from the alluvial arsenic affected rice field soil. This study provides vital information on morphotypic diversity of Cyanobacteria from specific biotopes which can contribute key information on their biogeography and potential application in green remediation.

scholarly journals Effect of blue laser on viability of Proteus mirabilis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1438-1446
Author(s):  
Mawada M. Funjan
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Test System ◽  
Blue Laser ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

The usage of blue laser has been considered as a therapeutic approach to prohibit the viability of bacterial species, but there is no agreement about optimum parameters to be used. The aim of this project is to study the influence of blue laser (450 nm) on the viability of the gram-negative bacteria  Proteus mirabilis isolated from burn wounds, using different exposure times (i.e. doses) in vitro. Seventy swab samples were collected from burn wounds of patients admitted to the burns unit in AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital in Baghdad, during the period from June to August 2019. The Bacteria were isolated and identified depending on their culture characteristics, biochemical tests, gram staining, and morphology, being finally confirmed by API 20E Test System. By using the disk diffusion method, susceptibility of the isolates to 12 different antibiotics was examined. One isolate of P. mirabilis was elected according to susceptibility to all antibiotics used.  To prepare bacterial solution, P. mirabilis was mixed with normal saline solution. Dilution of 10-6 cell/ml for p. mirabilis was selected from other serial dilutions. A number of colonies and colony forming units (CFUs/ml) were achieved and correlated to controls.  P. mirabilis was irradiated by blue diode laser (450 nm, 500mw) and exposed to different doses (24, 48, 72, 96, 120J/cm2) corresponding to respective exposure times (4, 8,12,16,20 minutes). The results of antibiotic susceptibility test indicate that the entire isolates of P. mirabilis were multidrug resistant. With the increase in laser dose (exposure times), the number of colonies and  CFUs/ml were reduced, reaching a highest inhibition in CFU/ml  at exposure time of  20 minutes, i.e. a dose of 120J/cm2 , with  irradiance of 0.1 watt/ cm2. No significant reduction was recorded in CFU/ml   at exposure time of 4 min (a dose of 24J/cm2). As a conclusion, the blue laser irradiation at wavelength of 450 nm and 500mw had antibacterial effects on P. mirabilis isolated from burn wounds with irradiance of 0.1watt/cm2 in vitro, as evidenced by the effective reduction in the viability of bacteria at a dose of 120J/cm2 corresponding to exposure time of 20 minutes.

scholarly journals Bioutilization of Chicken Feather Wastes by Newly Isolated Keratinolytic Bacteria Into Protein Hydrolysates With Improved Functionalities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saugat Prajapati ◽  
Sushil Koirala ◽  
Anil Kumar Anal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Feather Degradation ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Chicken Farm

Abstract In this study, a novel feather-degrading bacteria B. amyloliquefaciens KB1 was isolated from chicken farm bed (CFB), identified by morphological, physico-biochemical tests followed by 16s rDNA analysis. Among observed isolates, bacterial isolate (KB1) showed the highest degree of feather degradation (74.78 ± 2.94 %) and total soluble protein (205 ± 0.03 mg/ g). Using the same species of bacteria, the optimum fermentation condition was found at 40 oC, pH 9, and 1 % (w/v) feather concentration that produced 260 mg/ g of soluble protein and 86.16 % feather degradation using response surface methodology in a Box-Behnken design space. The obtained hydrolysates exhibited bioactive properties. The amino acid profile showed the increase in concentration of essential amino acid compared with feather meal broth. The selection of safe screening source of this new bacteria in CFB produced hydrolysates with enhanced bioactivity applicable for food, feed, and cosmetic applications along with environmental remediation.

scholarly journals Streptomyces qinglanensis sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 596-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huo Hu ◽  
Hai-Peng Lin ◽  
Qingyi Xie ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Xin-Qiang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A Streptomyces-like strain, 172205T, was obtained from mangrove soil collected at Qinglan Harbour, Wenchang, Hainan, China. The strain was characterized by white aerial mycelium and long spore chains. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain represents a novel member of the genus Streptomyces, exhibiting highest levels of similarity (<98.29 %) to the type strains of members of the genus Streptomyces. However, DNA–DNA relatedness and phenotypic data readily distinguished strain 172205T from phylogenetically related type strains. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (10.31 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (35.19 %), iso-C16 : 0 (20.24 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (10.05 %). The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid and whole-cell hydrolysates contained ribose, galactose and glucose. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 172205T from phylogenetically related type strains. Therefore, strain 172205T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces qinglanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 172205T ( = CGMCC 4.6825T  = DSM 42035T).

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