scholarly journals Veillonella parvula: a strictly anaerobic bacterium with high efficacy for safe and specific tumor targeting and colonization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Kefayat ◽  
Fatemeh Ghahremani ◽  
Soodabeh Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Significant Therapeutic Effect

Bacterial cancer therapy has gained lots of attention in the past decade and is now considering a reliable option for the future. However, some concerns have limited its application into clinic settings like insufficient colonization of tumors and infectious origin of the currently used bacteria. Veillonella parvula (V. parvula) as a strictly anaerobic bacterium which has rarely identified as a pathogen in human, was intravenously administrated into 4T1 breast tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. V. parvula exhibited significant tumor-targeting and colonization efficacy, 24 h after administration and formed clustered colonies at the tumors’ central region. The normal organs became completely clear from the bacteria after 72 h, and no side effects or death were observed at the animals after administration of V. parvula. Although mean tumor volumes in the V. parvula treated group was lower than the control (~ 25.4%), their difference wasn’t statistically significant (P > 0.05). Despite significant tumor colonization (5500000:1 in comparison with normal organs), V. parvula didn’t cause a significant therapeutic effect on the metastasis or survival time of tumor-bearing mice. Taking together, V. parvula is a completely safe and tumor-specific targeting agent per se, without any genetic manipulation.

scholarly journals Functionalized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Microgels in Tumor Targeting and Drug Delivery

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Simona Campora ◽  
Reham Mohsen ◽  
Daniel Passaro ◽  
Howida Samir ◽  
Hesham Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Breast Cells ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Target Cancer

Over the past several decades, the development of engineered small particles as targeted and drug delivery systems (TDDS) has received great attention thanks to the possibility to overcome the limitations of classical cancer chemotherapy, including targeting incapability, nonspecific action and, consequently, systemic toxicity. Thus, this research aims at using a novel design of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) p(NIPAM)-based microgels to specifically target cancer cells and avoid the healthy ones, which is expected to decrease or eliminate the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Smart NIPAM-based microgels were functionalized with acrylic acid and coupled to folic acid (FA), targeting the folate receptors overexpressed by cancer cells and to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox). The successful conjugation of FA and Dox was demonstrated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-VIS analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, viability assay performed on cancer and healthy breast cells, suggested the microgels’ biocompatibility and the cytotoxic effect of the conjugated drug. On the other hand, the specific tumor targeting of synthetized microgels was demonstrated by a co-cultured (healthy and cancer cells) assay monitored using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results suggest successful targeting of cancer cells and drug release. These data support the use of pNIPAM-based microgels as good candidates as TDDS.

scholarly journals Conversion of Daidzein and Genistein by an Anaerobic Bacterium Newly Isolated from the Mouse Intestine

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (15) ◽  
pp. 4847-4852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Matthies ◽  
Thomas Clavel ◽  
Michael Gütschow ◽  
Wolfram Engst ◽  
Dirk Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Enzyme Induction ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Stationary Growth ◽  
Mouse Intestine

ABSTRACT The metabolism of isoflavones by gut bacteria plays a key role in the availability and bioactivation of these compounds in the intestine. Daidzein and genistein are the most common dietary soy isoflavones. While daidzein conversion yielding equol has been known for some time, the corresponding formation of 5-hydroxy-equol from genistein has not been reported previously. We isolated a strictly anaerobic bacterium (Mt1B8) from the mouse intestine which converted daidzein via dihydrodaidzein to equol as well as genistein via dihydrogenistein to 5-hydroxy-equol. Strain Mt1B8 was a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium identified as a member of the Coriobacteriaceae. Strain Mt1B8 also transformed dihydrodaidzein and dihydrogenistein to equol and 5-hydroxy-equol, respectively. The conversion of daidzein, genistein, dihydrodaidzein, and dihydrogenistein in the stationary growth phase depended on preincubation with the corresponding isoflavonoid, indicating enzyme induction. Moreover, dihydrogenistein was transformed even more rapidly in the stationary phase when strain Mt1B8 was grown on either genistein or daidzein. Growing the cells on daidzein also enabled conversion of genistein. This suggests that the same enzymes are involved in the conversion of the two isoflavones.

scholarly journals Advances in Research on Bladder Cancer Targeting Peptides: a Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zheng ◽  
Pu Zhang ◽  
Heng Wang ◽  
Jinxue Wang ◽  
Zheng Hong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Genitourinary System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chinese Male

AbstractBladder cancer (Bca) is the second most common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system in Chinese male population with high potential of recurrence and progression. The overall prognosis has not been improved significantly for the past 30 years due to the lack of early theranostic technique. Currently the early theranostic technique for bladder cancer is mainly through the intravesical approach, but the clinical outcomes are poor due to the limited tumor-targeting efficiency. Therefore, the targeting peptides for bladder cancer provide possibility to advance intravesical theranostic technique. However, no systematic review has covered the wide use of the targeting peptides for intravesical theranostic techniques in bladder cancer. Herein, a summary of original researches introduces all aspects of the targeting peptides for bladder cancer, including the peptide screening, the targeting mechanism and its preclinical application.

scholarly journals UTERINE ADENOMATA IN THE RABBIT

1938 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry S. N. Greene ◽  
John A. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Serial Transfer ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Intraocular Transplantation ◽  
Transplantation Experiments ◽  
Uterine Fundus

83 cases of an adenomatous tumor of the uterine mucosa have been observed in a colony of rabbits during the past 4 years The results of a clinical and pathological study of the tumor, together with a description of transplantation experiments are included in the present report. The clinical histories of tumor bearing animals are similar in all cases. Discovery of the tumor is preceded by a long period of reproductive disturbance, and its subsequent course is one of slow, continuous growth which has terminated in death with metastasis in all animals held under observation for longer than 1 year. Microscopically, the tumor shows an atypical alveolar structure, and its characteristics closely resemble those of an adenocarcinoma of the uterine fundus in women. Pathological changes similar to those observed in mice after treatment with estrogenic substances occur in the thyroid, suprarenal, pituitary and mammary glands. Intraocular transplantation of the tumor has been successful, and at the present time the growth has been carried through 6 generations by serial transfer.

scholarly journals Sortase-mediated site-specific modification of interleukin-2 for the generation of a tumor targeting acetazolamide-cytokine conjugate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Gouyou ◽  
J Millul ◽  
A Villa ◽  
S Cazzamalli ◽  
D Neri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Ix ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Bioactive Proteins

1.AbstractSmall ligands specific to tumor-associated antigens can be used as alternatives to antibodies for the delivery of small payloads such as radionuclides, cytotoxic drugs and fluorophores. Their use as delivery moiety of bioactive proteins like cytokines remains largely unexplored. Here, we describe the preparation and in vivo characterization of the first small molecule-cytokine conjugate targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a marker of renal cell carcinoma and hypoxia. Site-specific conjugation between interleukin-2 and acetazolamide was obtained by Sortase A-mediated transpeptidation. Binding of the conjugate to the cognate CAIX antigen was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance. The in vivo targeting of structures expressing carbonic anhydrase IX was assessed by biodistribution experiments in tumor bearing mice. Optimization of manufacturability and tumor targeting performance of acetazolamide-cytokine products will be required in order to enable industrial applications.Graphical abstract

Host-cell-assisted construction of folate-engineered nanocarrier based on viral light particle for targeted cancer therapy

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lv ◽  
Jian Ao ◽  
Ji Wang ◽  
Man Tang ◽  
An-An Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Light Particle ◽  
Targeted Cancer Therapy ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Specific Tumor

Targeted cancer therapy has aroused broad interests of researchers due to its accuracy in specific tumor targeting and few side effects on normal cells. In the last decades, oncolytic viral...

Psoralidin exerts anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory activities in 4T1 tumor‐bearing balb/c mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davar Amani ◽  
Elham Shakiba ◽  
Ehsan Motaghi ◽  
Hiva Alipanah ◽  
Mahshad Jalalpourroodsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Background Psoralidin as a compound of the Psoralea corylifolia seeds exhibited several anti-cancer potentials in various cancers. Materials and methods In this study, 4T1 tumor‐bearing Balb/c mice were treated by intraperitoneal administration of Psoralidin, and Paraffin, as a control group to investigate anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory activities in breast cancer. Body weight and tumor volume measurement were performed. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining as well as immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, CD31 and VEGF markers were conducted. In addition, ELISA assay was performed for evaluating the serum level of IFN-γ and IL-4. Moreover, real time assay was performed to evaluate the expression of angiogenesis and immunostimulatory related genes. Results There were no significant changes in the body weight of all animal groups. The anti-cancer effects of Psoralidin were significantly observed after 24 days of the last treatment, confirmed by smaller tumor volume and also H&E staining. The expression level of Ki‐67, CD31 and VEGF were significantly decreased in tumor tissues of the Psoralidin-treated group in comparison with Paraffin-treated group. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the serum level of IL-4 in tumor-bearing mice after Psoralidin treatment while the serum level of IFN-γ was significantly augmented in all groups. Moreover, the reduction in expression of VEGF-a and IL-1β was observed. Interestingly Psoralidin treatment led to expression increase of FOXp3. Conclusions Psoralidin shows the anti-cancer potential in an animal model of breast cancer; however, further studies are recommended to elucidate its mechanisms of action.

Abstract B217: Annexin A2 is a novel molecular target for TM601, a peptide with specific tumor targeting and antiangiogenic properties

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Kesavan ◽  
Judson Ratliff ◽  
Eric Johnson ◽  
William Dahlberg ◽  
Douglas B. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Annexin A2 ◽  
Specific Tumor

scholarly journals Prevention of canine ocular thelaziosis (Thelazia callipaeda) with a combination of milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner (Nexgard Spectra®) in endemic areas in France and Spain

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Lebon ◽  
Jacques Guillot ◽  
Maria-Jesús Álvarez ◽  
José Antonio Bazaga ◽  
Marie-Laure Cortes-Dubly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
Milbemycin Oxime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endemic Areas

In the past decade, canine thelaziosis due to Thelazia callipaeda has been diagnosed in an increasing number of European countries, with endemic areas being identified. A multi-center field trial was conducted in endemic areas in France and Spain to evaluate the efficacy of monthly administrations of the oral milbemycin oxime/afoxolaner combination (NexGard Spectra®) for the prevention of T. callipaeda infection in at-risk dogs. A total of 79 dogs negative for T. callipaeda and with a clinical history of eyeworm infection in the past two years completed the study. Dogs were randomly allocated either to a negative control group (42 dogs) or to the NexGard Spectra® treated group (37 dogs). All dogs were followed up for a 6-month period and assessed monthly for the presence of nematodes on the eyes and for the signs of ocular thelaziosis (e.g., conjunctivitis, keratitis, and ocular discharge). When the presence of nematodes was confirmed, the conjunctival fornix was flushed with a saline solution for parasite recovery and counting, and the dogs were treated appropriately. Recovered parasites were stored in 70% alcohol for subsequent morphological identification. During the course of the study, 57.1% (24/42) of the control dogs were diagnosed positive for Thelazia infection, which illustrates a high incidence rate of parasite infection. Conversely, no eyeworm was recovered from any of the 37 dogs that received NexGard Spectra®. All parasites sampled were confirmed to be T. callipaeda. This clinical field study demonstrated that monthly administrations of NexGard Spectra® provided 100% preventive efficacy against canine thelaziosis.

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