scholarly journals Fungal succession on the decomposition of three plant species from a Brazilian mangrove

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta A Moitinho ◽  
Josiane B Chiaramonte ◽  
Laura Bononi ◽  
Thiago Gumiere ◽  
Itamar S Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Habitat ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Common Plant

Leaf decomposition is the primary process in release nutrients in the dynamic mangrove habitat, supporting the ecosystem food webs. On most environments, fungi are an essential part of this process. However, due to the peculiarities of mangrove forests, this group is currently neglected. Thus, this study tests the hypothesis that fungal community display an specific succession pattern in different mangrove species. A molecular approach was employed to investigate the dynamics of the fungal community during the decomposition of three common plant species (Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa, and Avicennia schaueriana) from the mangrove habitat located at the southeast of Brazil. Plant material was the primary driver of fungi communities but time also was marginally significant for the process, and evident changes in the fungal community during the decomposition process were observed. The five most abundant classes common to all the three plant species were Saccharomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Dothideomycetes, all belonging to the Phylum Ascomycota. Microbotryomycetes class were shared only by A. schaueriana and L. racemosa, while Agaricomycetes class were shared by L. racemosa and R. mangle. The class Glomeromycetes were shared by A. schaueriana and R. mangle. The analysis of the core microbiome showed that Saccharomycetes was the most abundant class. In the variable community, Sordariomycetes was the most abundant one, mainly in the Laguncularia racemosa plant. The results presented in this work shows a specialization of the fungal community regarding plant material during mangrove litter decomposition.

Diversity of Mangrove Plant for Support Ecotourism Activities in Nature Conservation Forum Putri Menjangan, Pejarakan Buleleng-Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
I Ketut GINANTRA ◽  
Ida Bagus Made SUASKARA ◽  
Martin JONI
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Mangrove Plants ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Mangrove Zonation

This study aims to identify the species of mangrove constituents and determine the zonation of the growing community of mangrove plants from the seaward to the landward zone, of the Nature Conservation Forum (NCF) Putri Menjangan coastal Pejarakan village Buleleng from July to October 2017. Identification of mangrove plant species based on the following characteristics: habitus, root type, fruit shape, inflorescence, leaf shape and leaf arangement. Zoning of mangrove grown is determined from vegetation analysis conducted in 3 zones (front zone, middle zone and back zone) with quadrat method, the area of each square is 20 m x 20 m. Parameters specified in each kwadrat are the density, dominance and frequency of presence of each species. Zoning of mangrove community is determined based on the important value of mangrove plant species. The diversity of the mangrove community is calculated by the Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index. The results of the study identified 13 species of true mangrove plants (mangrove) and 14 mangrove mangrove associates. The dominant species are Sonneratia alba (important value / iv is 98.19), Lumnitzera racemosa (iv. is 40.75), Rhizophora apiculata (iv.is 35.53), Rhizophora mucronata (iv. 33.02), Ceriops decandra (iv.23.61) and Avicennia marina (iv. 22.22). The diversity index of mangrove species (H) is 2.07, then it is considered good. The pattern of growing mangrove plants in coastal Pejarakan Buleleng, in general follow the natural pattern of mangrove zonation. Typical characteristics and patterns of growing mangrove zonation become interesting attractions and reference for mangrove area managers in ecotourism development and efforts to conserve mangrove forests.

scholarly journals Configuration of Allocated Mangrove Areas and Protection of Mangrove-Dominated Muddy Coasts: Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6258
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tan Phong ◽  
Thai Thanh Luom
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Seaward Side ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Full Consideration ◽  
Technical Recommendations

Mangrove-dominated muddy coasts have been allocated for developing livelihood models, particularly in developing countries. Uncontrolled allocation causes the mangrove forests to be vulnerable and even severely eroded. Restoration of vulnerable and eroded coastal areas has been merely conservation-driven, leaving livelihood-oriented mangrove forests unprotected. As a consequence, mangrove-dominated muddy coasts have not been well-protected. How livelihood-oriented mangrove forests are configured towards protecting coasts and protecting local livelihoods remains a challenge. This study employed a critical review for addressing this matter. The results reveal that there is limited practical knowledge of configuring livelihood-oriented models for protecting the coasts. The configuration process reported in this study is merely based on technical recommendations in South East Asia to date. The recommended configuration commences with the first stage of voluntarily designating a certain percentage of allocated forests on the seaward side to protect coasts, relocating livelihood models in the gaps among current stands of mangrove forests landward. Abandoned ponds are ecologically restored using sediment trapping structures for providing suitable substrate for promoting regrowth of local mangrove species as the second stage, followed by designation of an appropriate percentage as mangrove belts on the seaward side. The two-step configuration is highly likely to be replicable and applicable nationally and regionally due to full consideration of different political, sociocultural, and environmental characteristics in Vietnam and Indonesia.

scholarly journals Forest Structure and Projections of Avicennia germinans (L.) L. at Three Levels of Perturbation in a Southwestern Gulf of Mexico Mangrove

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Basáñez-Muñoz Agustín de Jesús ◽  
Jordán-Garza Adán Guillermo ◽  
Serrano Arturo
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Avicennia Germinans ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Mangrove Dynamics ◽  
Projection Matrices ◽  
Partial Tree

Mangrove forests have declined worldwide and understanding the key drivers of regeneration at different perturbation levels can help manage and preserve these critical ecosystems. For example, the Ramsar site # 1602, located at the Tampamachoco lagoon, Veracruz, México, consists of a dense forest of medium-sized trees composed of three mangrove species. Due to several human activities, including the construction of a power plant around the 1990s, an area of approximately 2.3 km2 has suffered differential levels of perturbation: complete mortality, partial tree loss (divided into two sections: main and isolated patch), and apparently undisturbed sites. The number and size of trees, from seedlings to adults, were measured using transects and quadrats. With a matrix of the abundance of trees by size categories and species, an ordination (nMDS) showed three distinct groups corresponding to the degree of perturbation. Projection matrices based on the size structure of Avicennia germinans showed transition probabilities that varied according to perturbation levels. Lambda showed growing populations except on the zone that showed partial tree loss; a relatively high abundance of seedlings is not enough to ensure stable mangrove dynamics or start regeneration; and the survival of young trees and adult trees showed high sensitivity.

scholarly journals Application of Polypodiopsida Class in Nanotechnology–Potential towards Development of More Effective Bioactive Solutions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Irina Fierascu ◽  
Radu Claudiu Fierascu ◽  
Camelia Ungureanu ◽  
Oana Alexandra Draghiceanu ◽  
Liliana Cristina Soare
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Real Potential ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species

The area of phytosynthesized nanomaterials is rapidly developing, with numerous studies being published yearly. The use of plant extracts is an alternative method to reduce the toxic potential of the nanomaterials and the interest in obtaining phytosynthesized nanoparticles is usually directed towards accessible and common plant species, ferns not being explored to their real potential in this field. The developed nanoparticles could benefit from their superior antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (compared with the nanoparticles obtained by other routes), thus proposing an important alternative against health care-associated and drug-resistant infections, as well as in other types of applications. The present review aims to summarize the explored application of ferns in nanotechnology and related areas, as well as the current bottlenecks and future perspectives, as emerging from the literature data.

PRELIMINARY STUDIES RELATED TO MICROSCOPY AND THE SEDEM EXPERT SYSTEM PROFILE ON FREEZED-DRIED EXTRACT OF LYTHRI HERBA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriu Valeriu Iancu ◽  
Laura Adriana Bucur ◽  
Verginica Schröder ◽  
Manuela Rossemary Apetroaei
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Spongy Mesophyll ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

"The floral tips of the plant species Lythrum salicaria L. represent a rich source of total polyphenols, among which with the largest share we mention tannins, and this is why this plant material has a standardized monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia 10.0th edition. According to the literature accessed so far, the plant material has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, antibacterial and antifungal properties, along with modulatory action on carbohydrate metabolism. Powder microscopic examination is an important step in establishing the identity of the plant species used, highlighting elements specific to the aerial part such as spiral vessels of the stem, fragments of the spongy mesophyll with calcium oxalate clusters cells and anomocytic stomata. The application of the SeDeM method on dried plant extracts represents an innovative trend in pharmaceutical technology and contributes to the collection of data in a structured and standardized form. In this paper, the functions and applications of the SeDeM expert system are illustrated upon the freeze-dried extract of Lythri herba for the purpose of easier identification and standardization. Future applications may include obtaining chewable gums or tablets by direct compression."

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI JENIS MANGROVE DAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KAWASAN MANGROVE DESA SAYOANG, HALMAHERA SELATAN, MALUKU UTARA Mangrove Species Compotition and Community Knowledge of Mangrove Area in Sayoang Village, Distric of South Halmahera

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Omo Rusdiana ◽  
Fajar Alif Sam Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Total Respondent ◽  
The Government

The area of mangrove forests in Indonesia is currently only spanning as much as 3.4 milion acres, so there is a need for the participation of the government and community to maintain its sustainability. South Halmahera is the district with the largest mangrove area in the North Maluku Province. One of the mangrove areas in the District of South Halmahera is located at Sayoang Village, East Bacan Subdistrict Up until its eleventh founding anniversary, this district have never conducted an inventorizing of its mangroves, both ecological and social studies in the field of public. This study aims to analyze the compotition of mangrove species in Sayoang Village, East Bacan Subdistrict, South Halmahera, and identify the knowledge of surrounding communities of mangrove areas as protected areas. Data were retrieved using sampling method with applications terraced paths, and analyzed by calculating its important value index (INP) and its index value diversity (IVD). The public social data were taken using in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Results obtained from this study show that the mangrove forest in Sayoang Village, East Bacan District, Halmahera, consists of major mangrove species with as many as eleven species belonging to families Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiaceae, Avicenniaceae, Meliaceae and Myrtaceae, and as many as three species of minor mangrove belonging to families of Loranthaceae, Acanthaceae, and Pteridaceae. The mangrove's species diversity and richness is and low, but it has high evenness. The results showed that 60% of total respondents know the benefit of mangrove as fish habitat, while for mangrove area as conserving areas, 50% of total respondent don't know the status of the area. The cutting problems happened in mangrove areas, 90% of total respondent know the activity and 85% of total respondent think that the logging activities in mangrove area is still allowed. The management activity of mangrove area in Sayoang village hasn't been conducted, either by the community or by local Dinas Kehutanan, and 53% of total respondent still wishing the mangrove can give more benefit economically.Key words: Mangrove forest, mangrove protected areas, community knowledge

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MANGROVE DI DESA MENDALOK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Muharamsyah ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Hafiz Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Bruguiera Cylindrica

Mangrove forests are unique ecosystems that have ecological, biological and socio-economic functions. The function of mangrove forests on the environment is very important especially in the coastal and oceanic regions. Mangrove forests providers of wood, leaves as raw material for medicines, and natural dye. This study aims to inventory the diversity of species of mangrove vegetation in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. The benefits of this study are to provide the data on mangrove forest vegetation as basic data for local government and related agencies in efforts to protect and preserve mangrove forests in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. Inventory the tree in mangrove forest used a line with measured 200 meters. There are 6 lines and the distance between the lines as far as 100 meters. The lines of observation are placed by purposive sampling. The results of research found 11 types of species and consisted of 6 genera. The genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Soneratia and Xylocarpus. The species found were Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Xylocarpus mollucensis. Diversity of mangrove species in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency was high and should be maintained for conservation and ecotourism area. Keywords : conservation, ecotourism, mangrove, Mendalok Village

scholarly journals The mangrove flora and their physical habitat characteristics in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1303-1312
Author(s):  
RIGNOLDA DJAMALUDDIN
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Distribution Limit ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Special Notice ◽  
Lumnitzera Racemosa

Djamaluddin R. 2018. The mangrove flora and their physical habitat characteristics in Bunaken National Park, NorthSulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1303-1312. The mangrove forests of Bunaken National Park are among the most distinctive andunusual in Southeast Asia because of the species that the forests contain. This study investigated the identity and diversity of mangroveplants as well as physiographic factors and major physical processes of every type of sub-habitats. Seven surveys were conducted tocollect and identify mangrove species of the park. Sub-habitats where specimen was found, aspects related to tidal inundation, nature ofsoil, freshwater influence and topography were observed as well as major physical processes influencing the condition of each subhabitat.The results suggested that the park was floristically rich with at least 27 plant species and they were distributed over tenrecognized sub-habitat types in different composition and diversity. Ceriops zippeliana Blume, Lumnitzera racemosa Willd, Lumnitzeralittorea (Jack) Voigt., Sonneratia ovata Backer, and Camptostemon philippinense (Vidal) Becc. were found in Bunaken National Parkand their presence confirmed the broader distribution limit of these species within Indo-Malesia region. A special notice was for C.philippinense as the distribution limit of this is rarely reported.

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