scholarly journals Single injection of very mild dose BOTOX in the vastus lateralis improves testicular spermatogenesis and sperm motility in ageing experimental mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risna Kanjirassery Radhakrishnan ◽  
Sowbarnika Ravichandran ◽  
Aishwarya Sukesh ◽  
Balamuthu Kadalmani ◽  
Mahesh Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Intramuscular Dose ◽  
Overactive Urinary Bladder ◽  
Local Supply

Acetylcholine (ACh), a key neurochemical messenger that plays key roles in neuroplasticity and muscle contraction. While ACh is important for the physiological function of the testis, abnormal levels of ACh cause testicular atrophy and male infertility. BOTOX is a therapeutic form of the botulinum neurotoxin that blocks the excessive release of ACh at the neuromuscular junction. Previously, repeated intracremasteric injections and slight overdose of BOTOX have been reported to induce adverse effects in the testicular parameter of experimental rodents. However, a mild dose of BOTOX is highly beneficial against skin ageing, neurological deficits, overactive urinary bladder problems, testicular pain and erectile dysfunctions. Considering the facts, the possible therapeutic benefit of BOTOX on the testis might be achieved via its minimal dose and indirect mode of action rather than repeated high quantity in the local supply. Therefore, we revisited the effect of BOTOX but with a trace amount injected into the vastus lateralis of the thigh muscle, and analyzed histological parameters of testis and quality of semen in ageing experimental mice. Experimental animals injected with 1 U/kg bodyweight of BOTOX showed enhanced spermatogenesis in associations with increased activities of key antioxidants in the testis, leading to increased total sperm count and motility. This study signifies that a mild intramuscular dose of BOTOX can be considered as a potential treatment strategy to manage and prevent male infertility.

scholarly journals Efficacy of scroto-inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in treating male infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Thanh Phan ◽  
Thanh Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Du Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Hoai Anh Vu ◽  
Duc Anh Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Reproductive Events ◽  
Minor Infection

AbstractBackgroundVaricocele presents as the most frequent cause of infertility in men. Most reports showed that varicocelectomy has a significant impact on male fertility and reproductive outcome. This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of scrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in treating male infertility.MethodsWe prospectively studied preoperatively and postoperatively (at 3 and 6 months) 86 consecutive patients diagnosed with varicocele, abnormal semen parameters, and infertility, undergoing scrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy. Semen test was performed before surgery and at 3 months and 6 months after surgery. The reproductive events were short-term followed up.ResultsThe median age of the patient was 32.9 ± 5.1 (20–43). Two cases (2.7%) had a minor infection of the scrotum incision, who were well treated by appropriate antibiotics. After operation, total sperm count and the percentage of motile sperms at 3 months and 6 months were significantly higher than those pre-varicocelectomy, respectively. In total, 26.7% (23/86) of all couples achieved a spontaneous pregnancy. Late complications such as testicular atrophy, hydroceles, and recurrent varicocele have not occurred.ConclusionsScrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy is an acceptable method in treating male infertility due to high rate of reproductive outcomes and very low rate of complications.

Ideal body position for epinephrine autoinjector administration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Luke Pittman ◽  
Andrew Healey ◽  
James Chang ◽  
T. Ted Song
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
First Line ◽  
Medical Treatment Facility ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Epinephrine Autoinjector ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
The Ideal

Background: Epinephrine is the first-line therapy for patients with anaphylaxis, and intramuscular (IM) delivery is shownto be superior to subcutaneous (SC) delivery. There currently is no consensus on the ideal body position for epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) administration.Objective: We designed this study to investigate whether SC tissue depth (SCTD) is affected by body position (e.g., standing, sitting, supine), which can potentially impact delivery of EAI into the IM space.Methods: Volunteer adults (ages >/= 18 years) from a military medical treatment facility in the United States were recruitedto participate in this study. SCTD of the vastus lateralis was measured via ultrasound at standing, sitting, and supine bodypositions. Subjects’ age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to compare averageSCTD between body positions, sex, and BMI.Results: An analysis of variance of 51 participants (33 men and 18 women) did not reveal statistically significant differencein SCTD among standing, sitting, and supine body positions. It did show a significantly greater SCTD in women than in men (2.72 +/- 1.36 cm versus 1.10 +/- 0.38 cm; p < 0.001). There was no significant association observed between BMI and SCTD in this study.Conclusion: Body position did not seem to significantly change the distance between skin and thigh muscle in adults. Thiswould suggest that there might not be an ideal body position for EAI administration. Therefore, in case of anaphylaxis, promptadministration of epinephrine is recommended at any position.

The Protective Effect of Metformin against Oxandrolone-Induced Infertility in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Fadhil Abed ◽  
Yazun Bashir Jarrar ◽  
Hamzeh J Al-Ameer ◽  
Wajdy Al-Awaida ◽  
Su-Jun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rt Pcr

Background: Oxandrolone is a synthetic testosterone analogue that is widely used among bodybuilders and athletes. However, oxandrolone causes male infertility. Recently, it was found that metformin reduces the risk of infertility associated with diabetes mellitus. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of metformin against oxandrolone-induced infertility in male rats. Methods: Rats continuously received one of four treatments (n=7) over 14 days: control DMSO administration, oxandrolone administration, metformin administration, or co-administration of oxandrolone and metformin. Doses were equivalent to those used for human treatment. Subsequently, testicular and blood samples were collected for morphological, biochemical, and histological examination. In addition, gene expression of the testosterone synthesizing enzyme CYP11A1 was analyzed in the testes using RT-PCR. Results: Oxandrolone administration induced male infertility by significantly reducing relative weights of testes by 48%, sperm count by 82%, and serum testosterone levels by 96% (ANOVA, P value < 0.05). In addition, histological examination determined that oxandrolone caused spermatogenic arrest which was associated with 2-fold downregulation of testicular CYP11A1 gene expression. However, co-administration of metformin with oxandrolone significantly ameliorated toxicological alterations induced by oxandrolone exposure (ANOVA, P value < 0.05). Conclusion: Metformin administration protected against oxandrolone-induced infertility in male rats. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the protective effect of metformin against oxandrolone-induced infertility among athletes.

KIF3B gene silent variant leading to sperm morphology and motility defects and male infertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Heydari ◽  
Mehrshad Seresht-Ahmadi ◽  
Shahab Mirshahvaladi ◽  
Marjan Sabbaghian ◽  
Anahita Mohseni-Meybodi
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Coiled Coil Domain

Abstract Sperm structural and functional defects are leading causes of male infertility. Patients with immotile sperm disorders suffer from axoneme failure and show a significant reduction in sperm count. The kinesin family member 3B (KIF3B) is one of the genes involved in the proper formation of sperm with a critical role in intraflagellar and intramanchette transport. A part of exon 2 and exons 3–5 of the KIF3B encodes a protein coiled-coil domain that interacts with IFT20 from the IFT protein complex. In the present study, the coding region of KIF3B coiled-coil domain was assessed in 88 oligoasthenoteratozoospermic patients, and the protein expression was evaluated in the mature spermatozoa of the case and control groups using immunocytochemistry and western blotting. According to the results, there was no genetic variation in the exons 3–5 of the KIF3B, but a new A &gt; T variant was identified within the exon 2 in 30 patients, where nothing was detected in the control group. In contrast to healthy individuals, significantly reduced protein expression was observable in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) patients carrying variation where protein organization was disarranged, especially in the principal piece and midpiece of the sperm tail. Besides, the protein expression level was lower in the patients’ samples compared to that of the control group. According to the results of the present study the NM_004798.3:c.1032A &gt; T, p.Pro344 = variant; which has been recently submitted to the Clinvar database; although synonymous, causes alterations in the transcription factor binding site, exon skipping, and also exonic splicing enhancer-binding site. Therefore, KIF3B can play an important role in spermatogenesis and the related protein reduction can cause male infertility.

scholarly journals Environmental and Nutritional Aspect in Male Infertility

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamida Begum ◽  
ABM Moniruddin ◽  
Khairun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Exogenous Estrogen ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
And Function ◽  
Nutritional Aspect ◽  
Anatomical Defects

Male and female partner of a couple must be standard and fit to have the capacity to procreate. Studies confirm that male sperm counts are declining and environmental factors as pesticides, exogenous estrogen, heavy metals negatively impact spermatogenesis without any obvious anatomical defects. So, a number of nutritional therapies have been shown to improve sperm count and motility as carnitine, arginine, zinc, selenium and vitamin B12. Numerous anitioxidants have prove beneficial in treating male infertility as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Glutathione and Coenzyme Q10. This article aims to highlight the correction of nutritional imbalances to encourage optimum sperm production and function, when there is idiopathic impaired spermatogenesis.   doi:10.3329/jom.v10i1.1997   J Medicine 2009; 10: 16-19   

scholarly journals Role of Glutathione in Male Infertility

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
ZU Naher ◽  
SK Biswas ◽  
FH Mollah ◽  
M Ali ◽  
MI Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Infertile Male ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Infertile Group ◽  
Male Subjects

Infertility is a worldwide problem and in almost 50% of cases infertility results from abnormality of the male partners. Apart from endocrine disorders, definitive cause and mechanism of male infertility is not clear in many cases. Recent evidence indicates that imbalance between pro-oxidant stress and antioxidant defense plays an important role in the pathogenesis of male infertility. Among the endogenous antioxidant systems, reduced glutathione (GSH) plays a significant role in the antioxidant defense of the spermatogenic epithelium, the epididymis and perhaps in the ejaculated spermatozoa. The current study was therefore designed to evaluate any association that may exist between GSH levels and male infertility. Infertile male patients (having female partners with normal fertility parameters; n=31) and age- matched healthy male fertile control subjects (n=30) were included in this study. In addition to medical history, semen analyses including semen volume, sperm count, motility and morphology were done for each subject. As a measure of antioxidant capacity erythrocyte and seminal plasma GSH concentrations were measured by Ellman's method in fertile and infertile male subjects. The infertile subjects were similar to fertile subjects in terms of age. However, semen volume and sperm count was found significantly lower (p<0.001) in infertile males compared with healthy fertile male subjects. Percentage of subjects with abnormal sperm morphology and motility were found higher in infertile group compared with fertile group. The median (range) erythrocyte GSH level did not differ between the two groups (12.62 (0.67-29.82) versus 13.93 (2.10-21.08) mg/gm Hb). However, the seminal plasma GSH level was found markedly suppressed in infertile group (1.64 (0.23-7.50)) compared with fertile group (4.26 (2.32-7.50)) mg/dl (p<0.001). In the present study seminal plasma GSH level was found markedly suppressed along with abnormal values for semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm morphology and motility in infertile subjects compared with fertile subjects. This finding indicates that low level of seminal plasma GSH level may be associated with male infertility. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v4i2.13772 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2011; 4(2): 20-25

scholarly journals Is there a place for nutritional supplements in the treatment of idiopathic male infertility?

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Arcaniolo ◽  
Vincenzo Favilla ◽  
Daniele Tiscione ◽  
Francesca Pisano ◽  
Giorgio Bozzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Idiopathic Male Infertility ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Wide Variability

Objective: Infertility affects 15% of couples in fertile age. Male factor is a cause of infertility in almost half of cases, mainly due to oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). The purpose of this study is to review the effects of nutritional supplements as medical treatment for idiopathic male infertility. Material and methods: A Pub Med and Medline review of the published studies utilizing nutritional supplements for the treatment of male infertility has been performed. Results: Clinical trials on Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Vitamin C. Arginine, Carnitine, N-Acetyl-Carnitine, Glutathione, Coenzyme Q10, Selenium and Zinc were reviewed. Although there is a wide variability in selected population, dose regimen and final outcomes, nutritional supplements both alone and in combination seems to be able to improve semen parameters (sperm count, sperm motility and morphology) and pregnancy rate in infertile men. Conclusions: There are rising evidences from published randomized trials and systematic review suggesting that nutritional supplementation may improve semen parameters and the likelihood of pregnancy in men affected by OAT. This improvement, however, is not consistent and there is a wide variation in the treatment regimens used. Well designed and adequately powered RCTs are needed to better clarify the role of nutritional supplements as treatment for male infertility.

scholarly journals Improvement in Sperm Parameters With Traditional Iranian Remedy

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Sohrabvand ◽  
Somaye Mahroozade ◽  
Sodabe Bioos ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Nazari ◽  
Fataneh Hashem Dabaghian
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Medicinal Treatment

Introduction. Idiopathic male infertility is a global problem with almost no definite medicinal treatment. Most patients have to go through intrauterine insemination or assisted reproductive technology for achieving fertility. Unfortunately, success rates are low in cases with very low sperm count. Therefore it seems that improvement in sperm quality can have beneficial effects on assisted reproductive technology outcome. Case Report. A 39-year-old man with history of infertility for 6 years was referred to the traditional medicine clinic with a recurrent unsuccessful intracytoplasmic sperm injection trial. His sperm analysis showed severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. After taking a traditional remedy he had a remarkable improvement in his sperm parameters, which led to the formation of 8 embryos in the following intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle. Conclusion. Traditional medicine presents various food and remedy options for treating male infertility. It seems that combination therapy can be beneficial in obtaining better results in treatment of male idiopathic infertility.

scholarly journals Gentamicin and amikacin adversely affect male infertility indicated by pharmacological, andrological and pathological evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Hozaifa K. Elsawah ◽  
Mohamed M. Kandiel ◽  
Aziza A. Amin ◽  
Haitham M. Mokhimar ◽  
AbuBakr M. El Mahmoudy
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Medication History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Many drugs are implicated in male infertility and screening for medication history is an important for diagnosis and treatment of the problem. The aim is to study amikacin effect on male reproductive system in comparison to gentamicin.Methods: Twenty-five male wister rats weighted 220±20 gm and aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups of five. The first group received gentamicin in dose 18.25 mg/kg/day once daily (OD) (therapeutic dose). The second group received gentamicin with double dose of the first group. The third group received amikacin in dose 54.75 mg/kg/day OD (therapeutic dose). The Fourth group received amikacin with double dose of the third group. However, the fifth group served as a control and received normal saline (NS) OD. All treatments were administered intraperitoneally (IP) for 14 days. On the 15th day, blood samples and reproductive organs were obtained from all animals. Testicular tissues were prepared for genetic testing and chemical and microscopical examination.Results: Amikacin and gentamicin negatively affected reproductive organs weights, sperm parameters, serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH) level relative to control (p<0.05). However, serum testosterone level was only affected with gentamicin (p<0.05). A significant difference between gentamicin and amikacin was found in sperm count, testis and epididymis weights and serum testosterone and LH level (p<0.05). Testicular histopathological changes were also found with the two drugs with different degrees. Effects of both gentamicin and amikacin were dose-dependent.Conclusions: Both gentamicin and amikacin adversely affect andrological function that should be monitored and controlled during application of these drugs.

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