The decrotonylase FoSir5 facilitates mitochondrial metabolic state switching in conidial germination of Fusarium oxysporum

Fusarium oxysporum is one of the most important pathogenic fungi with a broad range of plant and animal hosts. The first key step of its infection cycle is conidial germination, but there is limited information available on the molecular events supporting this process. We show here that germination is accompanied by a sharp decrease in expression of FoSir5, an ortholog of the human lysine deacetylase SIRT5. We observe that FoSir5 decrotonylates a subunit of the fungal pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (FoDLAT) at K148, resulting in inhibition of the activity of the complex in mitochondria. Moreover, FoSir5 decrotonylates histone H3K18, leading to a downregulation of transcripts encoding enzymes of aerobic respiration pathways. Thus, the activity of FoSir5 coordinates regulation in different organelles to steer metabolic flux through respiration. As ATP content is positively related to fungal germination, we propose that FoSir5 negatively modulates conidial germination in F. oxysporum through its metabolic impact. These findings provide insights into the multifaceted roles of decrotonylation, catalysed by FoSir5, that support conidial germination in F. oxysporum.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tag Data and Gene Expression Profiles Involved in Conidial Germination of Fusarium oxysporum

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.72.2.1667-1671.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 1667-1671 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ye Deng ◽

Haitao Dong ◽

Qingchao Jin ◽

Cheng'en Dai ◽

Yongqi Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Cdna Library ◽

Expressed Sequence Tag ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Cdna Array ◽

Gene Expression Profiles ◽

Conidial Germination ◽

Expressed Sequence

ABSTRACT We obtained 3,372 tentative unique transcripts (TUTs) from a cDNA library of Fusarium oxysporum. A cDNA array with 3,158 TUTs was produced to analyze gene expression profiles in conidial germination. It seems that ras and other signaling genes, e.g., ccg, cooperatively initiate conidial germination in Fusarium by increasing protein synthesis.

Download Full-text

Conidial Germination and Appressorial Formation of the Plant Pathogenic Fungi on the Coverglass or Cellophane Coated with Various Lipid Components of Plant Leaf Waxes

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1080/00021369.1979.10863456 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 383-384

Author(s):

Takeo Uchiyama ◽

Nagahiro Ogasawara ◽

Yukiko Nanba ◽

Hiroko Itô

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Conidial Germination ◽

Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Plant Leaf ◽

Leaf Waxes ◽

Lipid Components

Download Full-text

Bright Side of Fusarium oxysporum: Secondary Metabolites Bioactivities and Industrial Relevance in Biotechnology and Nanotechnology

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7110943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 943

Author(s):

Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽

Alaa Sirwi ◽

Basma G. Eid ◽

Shaimaa G. A. Mohamed ◽

Gamal A. Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Cyclic Peptides ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

New Drugs ◽

Biotechnological Applications ◽

The World ◽

Different Types ◽

Bright Side ◽

Reported Data ◽

Industrial Relevance

Fungi have been assured to be one of the wealthiest pools of bio-metabolites with remarkable potential for discovering new drugs. The pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum affects many valuable trees and crops all over the world, producing wilt. This fungus is a source of different enzymes that have variable industrial and biotechnological applications. Additionally, it is widely employed for the synthesis of different types of metal nanoparticles with various biotechnological, pharmaceutical, industrial, and medicinal applications. Moreover, it possesses a mysterious capacity to produce a wide array of metabolites with a broad spectrum of bioactivities such as alkaloids, jasmonates, anthranilates, cyclic peptides, cyclic depsipeptides, xanthones, quinones, and terpenoids. Therefore, this review will cover the previously reported data on F. oxysporum, especially its metabolites and their bioactivities, as well as industrial relevance in biotechnology and nanotechnology in the period from 1967 to 2021. In this work, 180 metabolites have been listed and 203 references have been cited.

Download Full-text

TGF-β1 is a regulator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in fibroblasts

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74919-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edward R. Smith ◽

Timothy D. Hewitson

Keyword(s):

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽

Aerobic Glycolysis ◽

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex ◽

Collagen I ◽

Acetyl Coa ◽

Fibroblast Activation ◽

Molecular Events ◽

Molecule Inhibitor ◽

Tgf Β1 ◽

Dehydrogenase Complex

Abstract TGF-β1 reprograms metabolism in renal fibroblasts, inducing a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. However, molecular events underpinning this are unknown. Here we identify that TGF-β1 downregulates acetyl-CoA biosynthesis via regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Flow cytometry showed that TGF-β1 reduced the PDC subunit PDH-E1α in fibroblasts derived from injured, but not normal kidneys. An increase in expression of PDH kinase 1 (PDK1), and reduction in the phosphatase PDP1, were commensurate with net phosphorylation and inactivation of PDC. Over-expression of mutant PDH-E1α, resistant to phosphorylation, ameliorated effects of TGF-β1, while inhibition of PDC activity with CPI-613 was sufficient to induce αSMA and pro-collagen I expression, markers of myofibroblast differentiation and fibroblast activation. The effect of TGF-β1 on PDC activity, acetyl-CoA, αSMA and pro-collagen I was also ameliorated by sodium dichloroacetate, a small molecule inhibitor of PDK. A reduction in acetyl-CoA, and therefore acetylation substrate, also resulted in a generalised loss of protein acetylation with TGF-β1. In conclusion, TGF-β1 in part regulates fibroblast activation via effects on PDC activity.

Download Full-text

Defense Responses of Fusarium oxysporum to 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, a Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.11.1201 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 1201-1211 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Alexander Schouten ◽

Grardy van den Berg ◽

Véronique Edel-Hermann ◽

Christian Steinberg ◽

Nadine Gautheron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Acid Production ◽

Fusaric Acid ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Broad Spectrum Antibiotic

A collection of 76 plant-pathogenic and 41 saprophytic Fusarium oxysporum strains was screened for sensitivity to 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by multiple strains of antagonistic Pseudomonas fluorescens. Approximately 17% of the F. oxysporum strains were relatively tolerant to high 2,4-DAPG concentrations. Tolerance to 2,4-DAPG did not correlate with the geographic origin of the strains, formae speciales, intergenic spacer (IGS) group, or fusaric acid production levels. Biochemical analysis showed that 18 of 20 tolerant F. oxysporum strains were capable of metabolizing 2,4-DAPG. For two tolerant strains, analysis by mass spectrometry indicated that deacetylation of 2,4-DAPG to the less fungitoxic derivatives monoacetylphloroglucinol and phloroglucinol is among the initial mechanisms of 2,4-DAPG degradation. Production of fusaric acid, a known inhibitor of 2,4-DAPG biosynthesis in P. fluorescens, differed considerably among both 2,4-DAPG-sensitive and -tolerant F. oxysporum strains, indicating that fusaric acid production may be as important for 2,4-DAPG-sensitive as for -tolerant F. oxysporum strains. Whether 2,4-DAPG triggers fusaric acid production was studied for six F. oxysporum strains; 2,4-DAPG had no significant effect on fusaric acid production in four strains. In two strains, however, sublethal concentrations of 2,4-DAPG either enhanced or significantly decreased fusaric acid production. The implications of 2,4-DAPG degradation, the distribution of this trait within F. oxysporum and other plant-pathogenic fungi, and the consequences for the efficacy of biological control are discussed.

Download Full-text

Ultrastructural study of galacturonic acid distribution in some pathogenic fungi using gold-complexed Aplysia depilans gonad lectin

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m89-054 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 349-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nicole Benhamou

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Ultrastructural Study ◽

Colloidal Gold ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Galacturonic Acid ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Ophiostoma Ulmi ◽

Ascomycete Fungi

Aplysia gonad lectin, isolated from the mollusc Aplysia depilans, was successfully conjugated to colloidal gold and used for ultrastructural detection of galacturonic acids in some pathogenic fungi. These sugar residues were found to occur in the fibrillar sheath surrounding hyphal cells of Ascocalyx abietina and in intravacuolar dense inclusions of this fungus spores. In hyphae and spores of Ophiostoma ulmi, galacturonic acids were detected mainly in the outermost wall layers. In contrast, these saccharides appeared associated with the innermost wall layers and especially the plasma membrane of Verticillium albo-atrum cells. Galacturonic acids were found to be absent in cells of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici and Candida albicans. These cytochemical data indicate therefore that a heterogeneity in wall composition exists between ascomycete fungi. The significance of the presence of galacturonic acids in the cell walls of certain fungi is still open to question.Key words: galacturonic acid, fungi, gold labeling, Aplysia depilans gonad lectin.

Download Full-text

The communities of fungi occurring in the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and red clover with cocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivations on the lowland

Acta Mycologica ◽

10.5586/am.1979.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 61-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wanda Truszkowska ◽

Barbara Kalińska

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Dactylis Glomerata ◽

Red Clover ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Dactylis Glomerata L

Knowledge of fungal communities within cultures of clover planted into barley and clover with cocksfoot grass may be used to evaluate the antiphytopathogenic potential of the environment. Observation of the lack of common pathogenic fungi and the sensitivity of Fusarium oxysporum populations to agroecological conditions indicates the possibility of influencing the healthiness of the clover by agrotechnical methods.

Download Full-text

ß-glycosidase and peroxidase activity in yellow lupin seedling infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.037 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Magdalena Rybus-Zając ◽

Iwona Morkunas

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Defense Mechanism ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Metabolic Changes ◽

Yellow Lupin ◽

Temporary Inhibition

Lupine diseases caused by pathogenic fungi constitute a serious problem in agriculture. They lead to partial yield loss and deterioration of crop quality through the changes in biochemical composition of seeds or their contamination with mycotoxins. Some of common lupine diseases are fusarioses caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini. Morphometric and metabolic changes were investigated in yellow lupine seedlings infected with F. oxysporum f. sp. lupini. It was found that infection caused temporary inhibition of seedling growth, overcome at later development, and activation of ß-glycosidase and peroxidases. The changes in enzymes activity indicate the induction of defense mechanism against F. oxysporum f. sp. lupini and inhibition of pathogen spread.

Download Full-text

Antifungal activity of saponins originated from Medicago hybrida against some ornamental plant pathogens

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2006.061 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 51-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alicja Saniewska ◽

Anna Jarecka ◽

Zbigniew Biały ◽

Marian Jurzysta

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Ornamental Plant ◽

Mycelium Growth ◽

Medicagenic Acid ◽

Fungitoxic Effect

Antifungal activity of total saponins originated from roots of Medicago hybrida (Pourret) Trautv. were evaluated in vitro against six pathogenic fungi and eight individual major saponin glycosides were tested against one of the most susceptible fungi. The total saponins showed fungitoxic effect at all investigated concentrations (0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%) but their potency was different for individual fungi. The highest saponin concentration (0.1%) was the most effective and the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. callistephi, Botrytis cinerea, Botrytis tulipae, Phoma narcissi, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. narcissi was 84.4%, 69.9%, 68.6%, 57.2%, 55.0%, respectively. While Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht., a pathogen of Muscari armeniacum, was inhibited by 9.5% only. Eight major saponin glycosides isolated from the total saponins of M. hybrida roots were tested against the mycelium growth of Botrytis tulipae. The mycelium growth of the pathogen was greatly inhibited by hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and medicagenic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Medicagenic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and oleanolic acid 3-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-galactopyranosyl]-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside showed low fungitoxic activity. Medicagenic acid 3-O-a-D-glucopyranosyl- 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, hederagenin 3-O-[α-L- hamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]- 28-O-α-D-glucopyranoside and hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-D- lucopyranoside did not limit or only slightly inhibited growth of the tested pathogen. While 2β, 3β-dihydroxyolean-12 ene-23-al-28-oic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside slightly stimulated mycelium growth of B. tulipae.

Download Full-text