scholarly journals Distinct patterns of thought mediate the link between brain functional connectome and psychological well-being

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Vatansever ◽  
Theodoros Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Daniel S. Margulies ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferies ◽  
Jonathan Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Future Plans

Ongoing thought patterns constitute important aspects of both healthy and abnormal human cognition. However, the neural mechanisms behind these daily experiences and their contribution to well-being remain a matter of debate. Here, using resting state fMRI and retrospective thought sampling in a large neurotypical cohort (n = 211) we identified two distinct patterns of thought, broadly describing the participants current concerns and future plans, that significantly explained variability in the individual functional connectomes. Consistent with the view that ongoing thoughts are an emergent property of multiple neural systems, network-based analysis highlighted the central importance of both unimodal and transmodal cortices in the generation of these experiences. Importantly, while state-dependent current concerns predicted better psychological health, mediating the effect of functional connectomes; trait-level future plans were related to better social health, yet with no mediatory influence. Collectively, we show that ongoing thoughts can influence the link between brain physiology and well-being.

scholarly journals Distinct patterns of thought mediate the link between brain functional connectomes and well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Vatansever ◽  
Theodoros Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Daniel S. Margulies ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferies ◽  
Jonathan Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Future Plans

Ongoing thought patterns constitute important aspects of both healthy and abnormal human cognition. However, the neural mechanisms behind these daily experiences and their contribution to well-being remain a matter of debate. Here, using resting-state fMRI and retrospective thought sampling in a large neurotypical cohort ( n = 211), we identified two distinct patterns of thought, broadly describing the participants’ current concerns and future plans, that significantly explained variability in the individual functional connectomes. Consistent with the view that ongoing thoughts are an emergent property of multiple neural systems, network-based analysis highlighted the central importance of both unimodal and transmodal cortices in the generation of these experiences. Importantly, while state-dependent current concerns predicted better psychological health, mediating the effect of functional connectomes, trait-level future plans were related to better social health, yet with no mediatory influence. Collectively, we show that ongoing thoughts can influence the link between brain physiology and well-being.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SYMPTOMS: FLUCTUATION OR RESPONSIBILITY AND FREEDOM INTERNALLY OF CHOICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kalishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Symptom Formation

The paper raises the issue of exacerbation of psychological problems caused by the political and economic environment, which creates a general social tension and becomes a background that exacerbates the existential problems of the individual. That's why author emphasizes on a particular need for the development of therapeutic direction and a detailed and well-grounded development of therapeutic concepts. It creates ways of an effective solve of current problems of psychological health and well-being of the person. The article explained the conceptual provisions of the establishment, operation and therapeutic work with the symptom. The main characteristics, structure and overall symptom phenomenological expanse from the standpoint of the existential approach of the theory of system solutions and system modeling. Psychological functions of a symptom are considered. Issues of operationalization of a symptom and definition of conceptual provisions of its formation are solved . Basic rules of interpretation of a symptom and interpretation of the concept are described in terms of several approaches. The conceptual provisions of symptom formation that allow to include it in psycho-corrective methods are considered in detail. The methods of the existential-systemic technological approach for providing psychological assistance to the client are analyzed and empirically tested, providing dynamic changes in the content of the "picture of the world" of clients in the cognitive and ontological plans. According to the empirical study, psychosomatic, emotional and behavioral symptoms were presented. It has been shown that symptoms with different specificities have unchanging constituents and functions. It also has been shown that applying an existential approach helps the symptomatic client to produce a new, better reality that will take into account the actual needs and aspirations of the subject. Thus, the main task, which is directed and work with the symptom – is the person's approach to himself/herself, greater sensitivity to his own real existential aspirations.

scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ РИЗИКИ БЕЗПЕКИ ДИТИНИ У ТУРБУЛЕНТНОМУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ З ПОЗИЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
International Law ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Health And Well Being

The transition to an informational lifestyle significantly increases the creative potential of society as a whole, and the individual in particular. Along with this, there is a significant increase of the load on the human’s mind under conditions of increasing flows of information and its turbulence. The information environment essentially becomes the main source of information for a person, has a direct impact on his mental activity, on the formation of his social behavior. A person is forced to live in this environment, to perceive its realities adequately, to adapt to information threats from this environment. The awareness of these threats has led to careful attention to information security. A child, being a specific member of a society, nevertheless acts as a full-fledged participant in information relations, and must be in such a state of protection, in which there is no risk associated with information causing harm to his health, physical, mental, spiritual and moral development.A child in his development, processing information, actively assimilates social experience, as well as a system of social connections and relationships, and subsequently reproduces all this in his life. In the course of this process, he acquires the qualities, values, beliefs and forms of behavior that he needs for normal life.Ensuring the information security of a child implies protection because of the destabilizing effect of information on health and mental, spiritual and moral development; creation of conditions for the information environment for positive socialization and individualization of the personality, optimal social, personal, cognitive and physical development, preservation of somatic, mental and psychological health and well-being, the formation of a positive worldview. The latter is possible when determining the main directions of state policy in the interests of children and the key mechanisms for its implementation, based on the generally recognized principles and norms of the international law.

scholarly journals ON THE ISSUE OF FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL NORM IN THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Iryna Shtykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Extreme Points ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
The Individual

In the process of professional training of future psychologists, the ability to recognize the mental norm and deviations from it to identify resources to maintain a healthy part of the psyche during counseling, correctional or psychotherapeutic work with the client is important. Professional competencies in pathopsychology involve the formation of the concept of norm and pathology in the worldview of future psychologists, because in any activity of a psychologist the forefront is the qualification of the studied psychological phenomenon as normal or pathological. Purpose. The purpose of this article is a theoretical overview of scientific approaches to understanding the concept of the norm in clinical psychology and its field as pathopsychology, to emphasize the relevance of the concept of the psychological norm in students majoring in Psychology during their training Methods. Theoretical research is carried out using methods of historical analysis, comparison, systematization, and interpretation of facts. Originality. Closely related to the concept of the mental norm is the concept of mental and psychological health. The fundamental difference between the terms "mental health" and "psychological health" is that the former characterizes individual mental processes and mechanisms, and the latter - refers to the individual as a whole, is closely related to the manifestations of the human spirit. In the scientific sense, norm and pathology are two extreme points and there is no clear boundary between them, and it is difficult to differentiate them. The continuum between the two extreme points is filled by the so-called boundary conditions. Within the level approach, there are three levels of human existence: somatic, psychological, and level of moral self-awareness. The "ideal norm" can be considered human well-being at all three levels of its existence Conclusion . Theoretical review of the issue, the problem of mental norms has been and remains controversial not only for pathopsychology, but also for related fields, including medicine. The mental norm is a multidimensional and multilevel formation. There are several approaches in the interpretation of this concept: adaptive, statistical, pathopsychological, phenomenological, from the standpoint of the norm - norm, the norm as an ideal, and many others, but there is no exact, generally accepted, indisputable definition, despite many studies. We can see the prospect of further research in the direction of analysis of modern world social and philosophical trends in understanding the norm, pathology, disease and psychological health of the individual and their introduction into the educational process of training future psychologists.

scholarly journals State of formation of psychological health of students during training in establishments of higher education

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kostiuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The Individual

Under the current conditions, the urgency of the problem of health is conditioned by the realities of life, because in recent times there have been rapid changes in the economic, political and socio-cultural life of the individual and society as a whole. In order for young people to be able to easily adapt to higher education institutions and realize themselves after their graduation, they must be healthy not only physically but also spiritually. That is why the basis of full-fledged personality development is psychological health. It is the psychological health of the individual - the optimal functioning of all mental structures necessary for the current life. It describes the person as a whole, has a relation to the motivational, cognitive and emotional-volitional spheres.The main criteria for psychological health are: adequate perception of the environment, conscious perpetration of deeds, activity, ability to work, purposefulness, ability to establish close contacts, full family life, feelings of affection and responsibility towards relatives, ability to compile and implement their life plan, orientation to self-development, integrity of the individual.In the development of the problem of psychological health should pay attention not only to the mental processes and properties of the psyche (they are more or less studied in psychology), but also on the mental states of a person experienced them in the process of life, taking into account their strength, frequency of repetitions, etc. p. In the context of the study, psychological health is seen as an element of a full-fledged human functioning, based on two levels: structural, content and functional.Structural-content analysis of psychological health reflects the vision of domestic psychologists about the structure of the human psyche, which is considered as an individual-personality, subject-person, individual-subject-personality, individual-personality-individuality, organism-individual-personality. The functional level studied by us in the psychological health of man is an integrative characteristic of human states in terms of efficiency, the activity carried out by him and involved in its implementation of the system according to the criteria of reliability and the internal price of activities. In studying the state of psychological health of modern students and their dynamics in the process of their study, it is necessary to consider the influence of a number of factors, which includes the complex as subjective (depending mainly on the students themselves) and objective (dependent on external circumstances) factors. Therefore, in order to determine the state of psychological health, we proposed the following factors of influence, namely: organization of the educational process, ability to study, social and living conditions, a new group of comrades, material well-being of students, support of the curator of the group.

scholarly journals Value assessments of the study of the psychological health

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Наталья Николаевна Шельшакова
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Individual

В статье описываются разные подходы к разграничению понятий «болезнь» и «здоровье». Здоровье и болезнь часто определяются в  сравнительном аспекте друг к другу. Особенность этих феноменов состоит в том, что они имеют социальное измерение. Чаще всего здоровье и болезнь «измеряются» на индивидуальном уровне. С одной стороны, человек отслеживает свое самочувствие, с другой ориентируется на определенный идеал здоровья. При этом его личный идеал здоровья может расходиться с социальной нормой. Здоровье человека является наивысшей ценностью, одним из основных показателей цивилизованности современного общества. Будучи фундаментальной характеристикой человеческого существования, оно постоянно находится в прямой зависимости от изменений, которые происходят в общественных отношениях и поэтому на каждом этапе социальной эволюции нуждается в переосмыслении своих сущностных проявлений. Поэтому первоочередной задачей РФ как социально-ориентированного государства является содействие развитию молодого поколения, его жизнетворчества, духовному росту. Основой его решения является понимание смысла жизни, существования в окружающем мире. Этот вопрос приобретает глобальный характер. The article describes different approaches to the differentiation of the concepts of " disease "and"health". Health and illness are often defined in a comparative aspect to each other. The peculiarity of these phenomena is that they have a social dimension. Most often, health and illness are "measured" at the individual level. On the one hand, a person monitors his well-being, on the other hand, he is guided by a certain ideal of health. At the same time, his personal ideal of health may diverge from the social norm. Human health is the highest value, one of the main indicators of the civilization of modern society. Being a fundamental characteristic of human existence, it is constantly directly dependent on the changes that occur in social relations and therefore, at every stage of social evolution, it needs to rethink its essential manifestations. Therefore, the primary task of the Russian Federation as a socially-oriented state is to promote the development of the young generation, its life-creation, and spiritual growth. The basis of its solution is an understanding of the meaning of life, existence in the surrounding world. This issue is becoming global in nature.

The Investigation of the Relationship between Narcissism, Perfectionism, Loneliness, Depression, Subjective and Psychological Well-being in a Sample of Transylvanian Hungarian and Romanian Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-63
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

"The last decades have witnessed a significant increase in several forms of human psychological malfunctioning, aspects that proved to significantly endanger healthy and efficient human adaptation. Mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, reduced levels of happiness), perfectionism, narcissism, and loneliness have significantly increased, despite the significant improvement of existent life-conditions. The market-based competition and reward system in the educational and professional spheres, as well as the perfectionistic expectations specific to the personal life impose high demands on the individual, which usually become sources of significant chronic stress, further impacting the individual’s quality of life (psychological and subjective well-being, loneliness). The comparative investigation of the above-mentioned variables in Transylvanian Hungarian and Transylvanian Romanian students would offer us the chance to compare these levels of functioning in two, culturally different samples. Our present study is a continuation and refinement of previous studies, and concentrates on the following major aims: (i) the investigation of the possible differences in narcissism, perfectionism, loneliness, depression, happiness, subjective and psychological well-being in Transylvanian Hungarian and Transylva¬nian Romanian first and second year students; (ii) the investigation of the association patterns between variables in both samples, and (iii) the examination of the role the studied variables play on the major indicators of mental and psychological health (depression and happiness) both in the united sample and on the two samples of students separately. The results of our investigation may be beneficial for the tailoring of future prevention and intervention programs that would target the enhancement of psychological adaptation of Transylvanian students Keywords: narcissism, perfectionism, loneliness, depression, subjective well-being, psychological well-being."

scholarly journals Research on the Role of Humor in Well-Being and Health: An Interview With Professor Arnie Cann

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnie Cann ◽  
Nicholas A. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Comedy Film ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Personality Construct

In this interview, Dr. Arnie Cann discusses his research and views on the ubiquitous role of humor in psychological health and well-being. The interview begins with Professor Cann recounting how he originally became interested in studying humor. He then reflects on the main findings associated with the wide variety of humor-related studies he has conducted over the years. In doing so, Dr. Cann provides suggestions and ideas for further research investigating the role of humor in health and well-being. Specific topic areas discussed include the use of humor in the workplace and other social domains, personality approaches to humor, humor and interpersonal processes, humor and psychopathology, and humor’s role in dealing with stress and well-being. One of the prominent themes in this interview is the clear recognition of sense of humor as a multi-dimensional construct that includes various components that may either be beneficial or detrimental to well-being. A further important theme is the major distinction between humor as an inherent personality construct versus humor that results from exposure to stimuli (e.g., a comedy film). Comments are also provided by Dr. Cann on how the positive affect stemming from humor may be of particular benefit to the individual. Also discussed is the recent move to more fully integrate contemporary humor research with positive psychology approaches. The interview concludes with Dr. Cann providing several recommendations regarding future theorizing and research on the role of humor in psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Work-family enrichment and psychological health

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameeta Jaga ◽  
Jeffrey Bagraim ◽  
Zahira Williams
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work Family Enrichment ◽  
Family Enrichment

Orientation: This study examines the beneficial aspects of the interface between work and family and its relationships with psychological health from a positive psychology perspective.Research purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate whether work-family enrichment helps to predict psychological health, specifically increased subjective well-being and decreased feelings of emotional exhaustion and depression.Motivation for the study: The burgeoning literature on the work-family interface contains little on the potentially positive benefits of maintaining work and family roles.Research approach, design and method: The authors used a descriptive research design. Employees in two national organisations in the financial retail and logistics industries completed a self-administered survey questionnaire. The authors analysed responses from those who reported both family and work responsibilities (N = 160).Main findings: Consistent with previous research, factor analysis revealed two distinct directions of work-family enrichment: from work to family (W2FE) and from family to work (F2WE). Multiple regression analysis showed that F2WE explained a significant proportion of the variance in subjective wellbeing, whilst W2FE explained a significant proportion of the variance in depression and emotional exhaustion.Practical/managerial implications: The findings of this study revealed the individual and organisational benefits of fostering work-family enrichment. Contributions/value add: This study presents empirical evidence for the need to focus on the positive aspects of the work-family interface, provides further support for a positive organisational psychology perspective in organisations and hopefully will encourage further research on interventions in organisations and families.

scholarly journals The Phenomena of “Psychological Well-Being” in the Context of the Social Situation of Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
I.V. Dubrovina
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

In the article, the phenomena of “psychological well-being of the individual” is considered in the con-text of the cultural-historical theory of L.S. Vygotsky, in particular, the statement he developed on the “social situation of development”, which is based on the child’s experience of his environment and himself in this environment. Attention is drawn to the complexity and ambiguity of the very concept of “well-being” from the standpoint of the cultural development of the individual, to the motives and emotions that determine the emergence and nature of the feeling of satisfaction with oneself, one’s actions and one’s life. The assumption is discussed that psychological well-being can be understood as an indicator of the psychological health of a person, which is one of the most important states of a person and is associated with the moral development of a person. It is shown that the main condition for the “emergence” of a feeling of psychological well-being and its orientation lies in the interaction of the phenomena of “culture” and “education” and the deep mutual enrichment of the processes of training and education based on the integration of rational and emotional cognition of the world by a growing person at each stage of ontogenesis.

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