Nudging waste diversion at Western State Colorado University: application of behavioral insights

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly McCoy ◽  
Justin J. Oliver ◽  
D. Scott Borden ◽  
Scott I. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Choice Architecture ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Studio Arts ◽  
Waste Removal ◽  
Waste Diversion

Purpose This paper aims to test a nudge, or intervention, designed through behavioral insights at a university campus to discover cost-effective means for increasing recycling participation and methods for estimating waste removal cost savings. Design/methodology/approach A series of studies were conducted demonstrating the effectiveness of behaviorally based recycling interventions. Study locations included an academic building, a performing arts/studio arts building, a sports complex and a campus library. All locations already had robust and visible recycling programs in operation. Following an observation period, modifications were made to the locations of waste and recycling containers. Waste auditing procedures were used to quantify existing waste diversion rates, and changes to those rates following changes in choice architecture. Findings Waste diversion rates improved and significant reductions in the proportion of recyclable materials in the trash were observed at all four study locations. Results indicate that the nudge of changing choice architecture can enhance recycling programs that are already recognized as successful. This paper also explains methods for estimating waste removal, which are important as it enables calculations of cost savings from such interventions. Finally, targeting plastic bottles to increase return on investment is recommended. Practical implications Other colleges and universities can apply these methods to improve existing recycling programs and realize cost savings. Originality value This is the first study to investigate the use of a nudge on waste management issues on a university campus. An easy-to-replicate method, which allows measuring realized cost savings, is explained.

A 12-pulse rectifier with passive harmonic reduction based on UIPT in more electric aircrafts

Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohollah Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Input Current ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Harmonic Reduction ◽  
Simulation Results

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a T autotransformer based 12-pulse rectifier with passive harmonic reduction in more electric aircraft applications. The T autotransformer uses only two main windings which result in volume, space, size, weight and cost savings. Also, the proposed unconventional inter-phase transformer (UIPT) with a lower kVA rating (about 2.6% of the load power) compared to the conventional inter-phase transformer results in a more harmonic reduction. Design/methodology/approach To increase rating and reduce the cost and complexity of a multi-pulse rectifier, it is well known that the pulse number must be increased. In some practical cases, a 12-pulse rectifier (12PR) is suggested as a good solution considering its simple structure and low weight. But the 12PR cannot technically meet the standards of harmonic distortion requirements for some industrial applications, and therefore, they must be used with output filters. In this paper, a 12PR is suggested, which consists of a T autotransformer 12PR and a passive harmonic reduction (PHR) based on the UIPT at direct current (DC) link. Findings To show the advantage of this new combination over other solutions, simulation results are used, and then, a prototype is implemented to evaluate and verify the simulation results. The simulation and experimental test results show that the input current total harmonic distortion (THD) of the suggested 12PR with a PHR based on UIPT is less than 5%, which meets the IEEE 519 requirements. Also, it is shown that in comparison with other solutions, it is cost effective, and at the same time, its power factor is near unity, and its rating is 29.92% of the load rating. Therefore, it is obvious that the proposed rectifier is a practical solution for more electric aircrafts. Originality/value The contributions of this paper are summarized as follows. The suggested design uses a retrofit T autotransformer, which meets all technical constraints, and in comparison, with other options, has less rating, weight, volume and cost. In the suggested rectifier, a PHR based on UIPT at its dc link of 12PR is used, which has good technical capabilities and lower ratings. In the PHR based on UIPT, an IPT is used, which has an additional secondary winding and four diodes. This solution leads to a reduction in input current THD and conduction losses of diodes. In full load conditions, the input line current THD and power factor are 4% and 0.99, respectively. The THD is less than 5%, which satisfies IEEE-519 and DO-160G requirements.

Cyient: enabling innovation through idea tree initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Nidheesh Joseph ◽  
Upam Pushpak Makhecha
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Digital Format

Learning outcomes The case would help students to learn the concept of high involvement innovation activity and how to apply it in large service organizations to increase innovation involvement. The case will help the students to reflect on the significance of organizing structure and culture of an organization for enabling innovation and innovation process models. The case would further help the students to develop the skill to plan and implement simple, innovative innovation process models which will increase the ideation capabilities of the organization. The students will also be able to understand the role of informal learning in innovation and how to facilitate it. Case overview/synopsis Cyient – a global services firm – had always focused on innovation as a key strategic capability winning various annual client awards for over a decade. However, in 2012, Cyient missed the innovation awards which led to the introduction of Idea Tree initiative in Aerospace & Defense (AED) business unit of Cyient. Cyient was able to co-create patents and offer cost savings to its clients through the Idea Tree initiative. This cost-effective and unique initiative resulted in re-organizing the structure (from formal to a quasi-formal), culture (open to new ideas, mistakes and failures) and process (stage-gate) inside Cyient AED business unit. However, Idea Tree also suffers from challenges such as lack of a digital format, lack of corporate presence across Cyient and its highly informal nature. In this context, the CEO wants to review the Idea Tree initiative to decide on its future in Cyient. Complexity academic level The case is suitable for teaching multiple facets of innovation for MBA and Executive MBA classes in core Strategy, Managing Organizations and Entrepreneurship and for elective courses such as Innovation Management, Organizing for Innovation or HRM for Innovation. The case is suitable for both fresher and experienced participants. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human Resource Management.

A case for open, viable print accounting

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 515-526
Author(s):  
Michael Kalochristianakis
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Combine Management ◽  
Level I ◽  
The University

Purpose – This paper aims to describe the design and business characteristics of the system pertaining to efficient and viable public services, the technical perspective and also usage results from the productive prototype. When the academic library of our institution turned to consider cost-effective solutions that would combine management and accounting for both printing and photocopying, it was realized that there are no open-source or enterprise platforms that can support such characteristics. Instead of relying on commercial solutions, the construction of a service was planned by means of integrating community-based projects and developing any missing components. Design/methodology/approach – The implementation of the system was based on the identification of appropriate open-source modules and on the development of ones that do not exist but are necessary to realize business procedures for credit reception, control and billing. Thus, the system integrates software for the management of printers and print tasks, for accounting for printing tasks, for user catalogues, for authentication modules and for the control of low level I/O operations. The aforementioned systems were integrated along with the following new modules that were developed to create a complete service. Findings – Our prototype has been operating at our University since May 2011. The system was installed at four sites in reading rooms of the library. Three of them are located in different departments within the University campus, while the fourth is located in the last reading room that has not yet moved within the campus. In two years, more than 28,000 pages were printed and charged. The steady rise in the number of served requests leads us to the conclusion that the system can cope with the heavy use of photocopying machines. Originality/value – The prototype described in this paper is a complete productive platform that is capable to accept money or credit over the counter or by using money receivers and provide billing and management for printing and photocopying. The system does not depend on any vendor technology, offers control, monitoring, receipts and reports and because it relies on open source can minimize the total costs of ownership. Scrutiny of the bibliography and market did not find any systems that could meet the aforementioned characteristics.

Why telehealth does not always save money for the health system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Centaine L. Snoswell ◽  
Monica L. Taylor ◽  
Liam J. Caffery
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Traditional Service ◽  
Implementation Costs

PurposeThis study aims to determine elements of telehealth that have the potential to increase costs for the health system in the short to medium term.Design/methodology/approachA search of PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases was performed in May 2018 using broad terms for telehealth and economics. Articles were included if they identified and explained reasons for an increase in cost for telehealth services. Studies were categorised by economic analysis type for data extraction and descriptive synthesis.FindingsFourteen studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. These studies identified that increased health system costs were due to implementation costs (e.g. for equipment, software or staff training), increased use of other healthcare services (e.g. pharmaceutical services) and ongoing service costs (including staff salaries) resulting from telehealth being additive to traditional service (e.g. increased frequency of contact).Originality/valueTelehealth is often assumed to be a cost-effective method of delivering healthcare, even to the point where direct cost savings are expected by decision makers as a result of implementation. However, this investigation suggests it does not routinely reduce costs for the health system and can actually increase costs at both implementation and ongoing service delivery stages. Health services considering implementing telehealth should be motivated by benefits other than cost reduction such as improved accessibility, greater patient centricity and societal cost–benefit.

Vaccine manufacturer’s role in the global vaccine enterprise

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Gordon ◽  
Corwin A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Many

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of the vaccine manufacturer in the global vaccine enterprise. Design/methodology/approach Narrative review. Findings Pharmaceutical companies involved in the vaccine enterprise play critical and often unrecognized roles in the global health management arena. In addition to the obvious role of vaccine production and distribution, companies are often involved in the identification of infectious agents for which vaccines may be of benefit, basic and applied research, process development, pre-clinical and clinical evaluations of vaccine candidates, as well as continuous post-licensure safety monitoring efforts. Vaccine manufacturers interact with health and regulatory agencies, academia and agencies interested in supporting cost-effective means of vaccine distribution to areas most in need of life-saving vaccines. Originality/value This review provides the reader with an understanding of the many roles of the manufacturer in the global vaccine enterprise.

scholarly journals Fire officer leadership strategies for cost management

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-507
Author(s):  
Leo R. Sedlmeyer ◽  
Rocky J. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Leadership Strategies ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Fire Stations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore leadership strategies of fire officers used by fire office leaders to manage costs associated with hazardous operations. Design/methodology/approach The methodology employed in this study was a qualitative method using a case study design. The participants in this research study comprised 13 randomly selected fire officers from fire stations within a major metropolitan area located in the USA who had five or more years hazardous operations experience. In addition to interviews, workplace practices, policies and procedures related to hazardous operations and cost management were analyzed. Limitations of this study include both the sample size, and the geographic area, which impacts the ability to generalize the results of the study. Findings Four central themes emerged from the study, namely, servant leadership, partnership, accountability and creative staffing, which are crucial strategies to manage costs associated with hazardous operations. The findings of this study further indicate fire officers must distinguish between the most appropriate action for any given situation to achieve the fire department goals and objectives. Practical implications Managing cost effective hazardous operations through sound leadership strategies reduced injuries and saved lives, which results in cost savings in fire departmental budgets, labor costs and health care costs, which can further support the redirection of funds to critical areas of fire operations. Originality/value The value of identifying leadership strategies related to hazardous operations cost management may reduce injuries, save lives and ensure adequate budget allocations for fire departments. Social implications include innovative leadership strategies, which may enable fire officers to promote positive social change through saving lives of fire fighters and the citizens they serve.

Resource sharing in the UK public library system: an update

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Froud
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Discovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to review the position of UnityUK and FABLibraries (Find a Book in Libraries) some five years after a review by the same author (with Elisabeth Robinson) was published in 2011. Design/methodology/approach The UnityUK service and its co-service FABLibraries is placed in the current service and political context: changing politics and reductions in public service. The conclusions of a survey conducted by the University of Sheffield are noted as current technical developments. Findings Subscriptions to UnityUK remain stable despite an overall decline in interlending. The FABLibraries service is well positioned to play a key role in the creation of a single digital presence for public libraries in England and in the UK. Practical implications The outcome of major recent political change in respect of public service is not yet known, but there is reason to be confident about the role of the two services in supporting resource discovery and supply. Social implications The FABLibraries service is well positioned to be the major building block in a national e-public library platform. This would provide a cost-effective means of making national resources accessible to everyone who can get online. Originality/value The author provides an up-to-date perspective of the impact of change, recent government reports and public sector austerity on interlending and the position of key resource discovery tools in that environment.

scholarly journals Improved Serodiagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis by Novel Synthetic Oligosaccharide Antigens Representing the Capping M Epitope Elements of Brucella O-Polysaccharide

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1204-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McGiven ◽  
Laurence Howells ◽  
Lucy Duncombe ◽  
Judy Stack ◽  
N. Vijaya Ganesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

Members of the genusBrucellahave cell wall characteristics of Gram-negative bacteria, which in the most significant species includes O-polysaccharide (OPS). Serology is the most cost-effective means of detecting brucellosis, as infection with smooth strains ofBrucellaleads to the induction of high antibody titers against the OPS, an unbranched homopolymer of 4,6-dideoxy-4-formamido-d-mannopyranosyl residues (d-Rha4NFo) that are variably α(1→2)- and α(1→3)-linked. Sixd-Rha4NFo homo-oligosaccharides were synthesized, each containing a single α(1→3) link but with a varied number of α(1→2) links. After conjugation to bovine serum albumin (BSA), glycoconjugates 1 to 6 were used to develop individual indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (iELISAs). The diagnostic capabilities of these antigens were applied to panels of cattle serum samples, including those falsely positive in conventional assays, and the results were compared with those of the complement fixation test (CFT), serum agglutination test (SAT), fluorescent polarization assay (FPA), smooth lipopolysaccharide (sLPS) iELISA, and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) methods. Results from field serum samples demonstrated that all of the synthetic antigens had excellent diagnostic capabilities. Assays developed with the α(1→3)-linked disaccharide conjugate 1 were the best at resolving false-positive serological results. This was supported by the results from serum samples derived from experimentally infected cattle. Data from synthetic trisaccharide antigens 2 and 3 and tetrasaccharide antigen 4 identified an OPS epitope equally common to allBrucella abortusandBrucella melitensisstrains but unique toBrucella. Synthetic oligosaccharide conjugates function as effective surrogates for naturally derived antigens. The creation of discrete OPS epitope antigens reveals not only the previously untapped diagnostic potential within this key diagnostic structure but also holds significance for the design of brucellosis vaccines and diagnostics that enable the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals.

A dedicated place for volume fraud within the current UK economic crime agenda?

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 902-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian King ◽  
Alan Doig
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how a large UK police force – Greater Manchester Police (GMP) – sought during a period of continuing budget reductions to take a cost-effective approach to certain types of fraud through the establishment of a central Volume Fraud Team (VFT), which in turn would also have wider operational resource benefits across the force. It then explores the decision to merge that team with its existing serious and complex fraud team. Design/methodology/approach The research was undertaken over a period of two years by interview and desk review to explain the internal processes which underpinned the approach and the initial outcomes. It discusses why the approach was short lived as a consequence of other factors. Findings The paper sets out briefly the context of changes to the policing of fraud since 1979 and describes the GMP decision-making processes that established a centralised response to volume fraud and major (serious and complex) fraud. The paper assesses the available data on the approach and whether the changes facilitated a more effective means of addressing fraud and other internal policing priorities. It then discusses the decision in 2014 to merge the staff resources for volume and major frauds in response to identified policy trends in fraud investigations and changes in fraud reporting. Research limitations/implications The single case study is limited in terms of focus and in applicability to the wider law enforcement response to fraud. Practical implications The research discusses practitioner issues arising from the complexities of balancing resources and priorities against changing trends and patterns of criminal activity in a specific area of policing. Originality/value The research is an original study into the internal and external change agendas, and there are, therefore, wider lessons for the policing of fraud in the UK.

Informal learning and employee development

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Employee Development ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Informal learning offers a cost-effective means of employee development for smaller businesses and a variety of strategies can be utilized to help achieve learning goals. The approach has scope to increase an employee’s internal marketability, though companies must remain alert to the danger of simultaneously making individuals more widely employable. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

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