scholarly journals Characteristics of water containers influencing the presence of Aedes immatures in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-407
Author(s):  
Pathavee Waewwab ◽  
Sungsit Sungvornyothin ◽  
Kamolnetr Okanurak ◽  
Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri ◽  
Rutcharin Potiwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of breeding containers on the production of Aedes mosquitoes after a vector-control program in households that might support dengue transmission in tourist attraction areas of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand, during the period October 2016 to September 2017. A total of 832 households from five villages participated in the study. Data collection employed an interview questionnaire, larval mosquito survey and measurements of the chemical properties of the water in each container. A binary logistic regression model was used to investigate the characteristics of water containers influencing the presence or absence of Aedes immatures. Findings The study found that water containers located inside households had a highly presence of Aedes immatures (2.22 times) compared with outdoor containers. Water containers without lids and water containers with ineffective had a high presence of Aedes immatures (3.69 and 2.54 times, respectively). In addition, the chemical properties of the water inside the containers, such as pH, influenced the presence of Aedes immatures (1.76 times) (OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.59–1.96). Originality/value The study results emphasized the characteristics of water containers in households located in a tourist attraction area. The findings may inform public health vector-control messages for households located in the tourist attraction area.

Sedentary behavior and related factors among full-time, university faculty

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Keenan ◽  
Anna Elizabeth Greer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – Sedentary behavior, independent of physical activity, is a risk factor for both morbidity and mortality. Little is known about factors related to sedentary behavior. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the demographic characteristics, perceived physical activity (PA) environment, and PA behaviors of 72 full-time, university faculty members. Design/methodology/approach – For this cross-sectional study, data were collected online using Survey Monkey®. Findings – Participants spent an average of 473 and 328 minutes/weekend day in sedentary activity. There was a positive correlation between minutes spent in vigorous PA and minutes spent sedentary while watching TV (p=0.047). There was a negative correlation between minutes spent in moderate PA per week and minutes spent sedentary while playing video games (p=0.034). Participants’ perceived PA environment scores were inversely related to their minutes spent in sedentary behavior during a typical weekday (p=0.027) and positively related to their minutes spent sedentary while on their computers (p=0.022). Originality/value – The study is the first to highlight the large proportion of time university faculty members spend in sedentary activities and factors that could be addressed to reduce this time.

scholarly journals Prescription Errors Still a Challenge in Pakistan - A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Hafiz Obaid ◽  
Ahmed Umer Sohaib ◽  
Abu Bakar Munir ◽  
Jamshaid Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Qamar-uz Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To evaluate the prescription writing pattern and errors in prescriptions at different health care units of Central Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted to conduct the present study. Data collection was done for a period of one month i.e. March 2018 from selected community pharmacies of five different cities of Central Punjab, Pakistan. Patients were approached irrespective of age and gender and data was recorded on a pre-designed Performa. The total sample size was 750 (150 prescriptions from each pharmacy). SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Sciences, version 20.0) was used for statistical analysis of data. Results: Out of 750 prescriptions, 662 prescriptions were included in final analysis. Patient name was found written in almost all prescriptions 660 (99.7%) while physician name was missing on 519 (78.4%). Healthcare provider registration number and qualification were not on 654 (98.8%) and 527 (79.6%) prescriptions respectively. Poly-pharmacy was observed in 103 (16%) prescriptions and no prescription was found with generic name. Conclusion: The study results highlighted the imperative need to devise policies that should be regulated and implemented by the healthcare authorities to make our prescriptions in line with the prescribed guidelines.

scholarly journals Maxillary Intermolar Width Of Pakistanis With Untreated Normal Occlusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Arfan ul Haq ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Waheed ul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plaster Model

Objective: Intermolar width is a key measurement which assists in treatment planning of orthodontic patients requiring expansion as an alternate to premolar extraction. The present research was aimed at determining the mean value of intermolar arch width (IMW) of untreated normal arch Pakistani patients visiting tertiary care dental hospital Material & Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out using IMW measurements on plaster model of 120 untreated normal occlusion patients, at Department of Orthodontics, Faisalabad Medical University and de’Montmorency College of dentistry, from 15-12-2016 to 15-10-2017. The non probability consecutive sampling technique was used in this study. Data analysis was done using SPSS software 21.0.0. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 18.23±3.75 years. The mean value of IMW in selected subjects was 45.33±3.42 mm. Conclusion: Study results concluded that in Pakistanis, ideally align maxillary arch and occlusion can be achieved with upper intermolar distances of 45.33±3.42 mm

scholarly journals A comparative study of prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban, and rural population of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
B. Babu Rao ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Population

Background: Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.1 People are generally considered obese when their body mass index (BMI), a measurement obtained by dividing a person's weight by the square of the person's height, is over 30 kg/m2, with the range 25–30 kg/m2 defined as overweight.Aims and objectives were to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the study population and to compare the study results between urban and rural area population.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study from April 2008 to May 2009 (1 year) conducted at urban health centre, Harazpenta and rural health centre, Patancheruvu. Total of 1409 persons in the age group of above 15 years were involved in this study. Data collection by using pre-designed, pretested questionnaire. Data analysis by using MS office 2016. Epi info2016, rates, ratios, proportions and Chi-square tests were used.Results: Among urban population prevalence of obesity was 12.7% compared to 5.4% in rural area. The prevalence of pre obesity was more among males (26.2%) in urban area than rural area (16.72%). In the study population 42.9% of the individual who had BMI>25 were from upper middle class in urban area, when compared to 43.3% with BMI>25 belongs to upper class in rural area.Conclusions: All over weight and obese subjects should be educated to know about the occurrence of various health problems due to overweight.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in the Small Ruminants of Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hammad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is an economically important and potentially fatal disease of small ruminants caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp). We designed this cross-sectional study to investigate the seroepidemiology of CCPP in the small ruminants of Oman. For this purpose, we sampled a total of 4015 small ruminants (2119 goats and 1896 sheep) from 510 flocks belonging to different governorates of Oman. A commercial competitive enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (cELISA) was used to test the samples. Prevalence (%) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated, and a univariable analysis was conducted to screen different risk factors. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression model was built at the animal and flocklevel (Table 3). In total, 147 (28.8%, CI 24.9, 33.0) flocks tested positive for the CCPP and the seroprevalence ranged from 10.0 to 53.8% in various governorates (p = 0.001). The prevalence was significantly (P<0.001) high in goats (28%, CI 23.8, 32.5) as compared to sheep (13.1%, CI 24.9, 33.0). At flock level; the open herds (OR 2.08, 1.33, 3.27), having a location in the coastal regions (OR 1.70, 1.14, 2.53) and flock size of more than 100 animals (OR 2.45, 1.54, 3.91) were the significant risk factors for CCPP in Oman. At the animal level; goats (OR 2.87, CI 2.17, 3.81), and small ruminants above the age of one year (OR 2.23, CI 1.38-3.59) were found more likely to acquire CCPP. We suggest that a control program based on the changes in the management system to minimize the risk factors and a possible mass vaccination should be devised to check CCPP in Oman.

scholarly journals A multicentre national study of the effectiveness of virtual fracture clinic management of orthopaedic trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic (MAVCOV): a cross-sectional study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Zhan H. Ng ◽  
Samantha Downie ◽  
Navnit S. Makaram ◽  
Shivam N. Kolhe ◽  
Samuel P. Mackenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinic Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Aims Virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are advocated by recent British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOASTs) to efficiently manage injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of this national study is to assess the impact of these standards on patient satisfaction and clinical outcome amid the pandemic. The secondary aims are to determine the impact of the pandemic on the demographic details of injuries presenting to the VFC, and to compare outcomes and satisfaction when the BOAST guidelines were first introduced with a subsequent period when local practice would be familiar with these guidelines. Methods This is a national cross-sectional cohort study comprising centres with VFC services across the UK. All consecutive adult patients assessed in VFC in a two-week period pre-lockdown (6 May 2019 to 19 May 2019) and in the same two-week period at the peak of the first lockdown (4 May 2020 to 17 May 2020), and a randomly selected sample during the ‘second wave’ (October 2020) will be eligible for the study. Data comprising local VFC practice, patient and injury characteristics, unplanned re-attendances, and complications will be collected by local investigators for all time periods. A telephone questionnaire will be used to determine patient satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes for patients who were discharged following VFC assessment without face-to-face consultation. Ethics and dissemination The study results will identify changes in case-mix and numbers of patients managed through VFCs and whether this is safe and associated with patient satisfaction. These data will provide key information for future expert-led consensus on management of trauma injuries through the VFC. The protocol will be disseminated through conferences and peer-reviewed publication. This protocol has been reviewed by the South East Scotland Research Ethics Service and is classified as a multicentre audit. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(3):211–215.

scholarly journals 663 A Multi-centre National Study of the Effectiveness of Virtual Fracture Clinic Management of Orthopaedic Trauma during the COVID-19 Pandemic (MAVCOV): A Cross-sectional Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z H Ng ◽  
S Downie ◽  
N Makaram ◽  
S Kolhe ◽  
S Mackenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinic Management ◽  
Future Clinical Practice ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim Virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are advocated by recent British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOASTs) to efficiently manage injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of this national study is to assess the impact of these standards on patient satisfaction and clinical outcome amid the pandemic. The secondary aims are to determine the impact of the pandemic on demographics of injuries presenting to the VFC and to compare outcomes and satisfaction when the BOAST guidelines were first introduced with a subsequent period when local practice would be familiar with these guidelines. Method This is a national cross-sectional cohort study comprising centres with VFC services across the United Kingdom. All consecutive adult patients assessed at VFC pre-lockdown (6 May 2019 to 19 May 2019) and at the peak of the first lockdown (4 May 2020 to 17 May 2020), and a randomly selected sample during the second wave (October 2020) will be eligible for the study. Data comprising local VFC practice, patient and injury characteristics, unplanned re-attendances, and complications will be collected. A telephone questionnaire will be used to determine patient satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes for patients who were discharged following VFC assessment without face-to-face consultation. Results As of 31 October 2020, 51 hospitals with VFC services have been recruited to participate in this study. Conclusions The study results will identify changes in case-mix and numbers of patients managed through VFCs, due to urgent necessity, and whether this is safe and is associated with patient satisfaction to inform future clinical practice.

Implementation of the surgical safety checklist in hospitals of Iran; operating room personnel’s attitude, awareness and acceptance

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-618
Author(s):  
Mobin Sokhanvar ◽  
Edris Kakemam ◽  
Narges Goodarzi
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Operating Room Personnel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surgical Safety Checklist ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) has improved patient safety effectively. Despite the known benefits of applying the checklist before surgery, its implementation is less than universal in practice. The purpose of this paper is to determine the operating room personnel’s attitude, their awareness and knowledge of the SSC, and to evaluate staff acceptance of the SSC (including personal beliefs). Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted in eight tertiary general hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Some 145 operating room personnel (surgeons, anaesthetists and nurses) were selected for the study. Data collection was carried out via a validated questionnaire in three parts which included socio-demographic, attitude, awareness and acceptance. Data were then analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis and χ2 statistical test. Findings Out of the 145 participants in the study, 92 per cent were aware of the existence of the SSC and 73.9 per cent of them were aware of the objectives of SSC. Overall, the attitude to SSC was positive. The attitude of surgeons was positive towards the impact of the SSC on safety and teamwork. Surgeons were significantly more sensitive to the barriers of SSC application compared to nurses and anaesthetists (p=0.046). Among the three groups, nurses had the highest level of support for SSC (p=0.001). Practical implications Despite high acceptance of the checklist among staff, there is still a gap in knowledge about when exactly the checklist should be used. Therefore, involvement of all surgical team members to complete the checklist process, support of senior managers, on-going education and training and consideration of the barriers to its implementation are all key areas that need to be taken into account. Originality/value This is the first research to examine the operating room personnel’s attitude, awareness and acceptance about SSC in Iranian hospitals. The outcomes of this study provide documentation and possible justification for effective establishment of SSC in Iran and other countries.

Consumption of energy drink and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Towhid Hasan ◽  
Marjia Sultana ◽  
Lincon Chandra Shill ◽  
Sara Sultana
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

Purpose Energy drink (ED) consumption has become a common trend, especially among the youth. Hence, the purpose of this study was undertaken to assess the ED consumption pattern among the university students and investigate the independent predictors for their preference of such drinks. Design/methodology/approach It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 323 students from various departments of Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh. Findings Among students, about 57 per cent were male, and mostly between 21-23 years. About 31 per cent of the students had never consumed ED, while 69 per cent had consumed such drinks at least once in their lifetime. Only 31.4 per cent of the ever consumer had knowledge of its components, and 14.3 per cent of them did not know the negative effects of ED. Bivariate analysis identified the variables that were significantly associated with students’ consumption of ED. Taking the significant factors into a multivariate model, the risks of ED consumption were male gender (OR = 3.82; 95 per cent CI = 2.24 − 6.52), longer study duration in university (OR = 1.02; 95 per cent CI = 1.00 − 1.03) and doing regular physical activity (OR = 1.69; 95 per cent CI = 1.04 − 2.75). Originality/value High consumption of ED among university students is evident, yet their perception regarding components and potential health hazards of such drinks is opaque. This study results suggest the necessity of formulating policy and intervention strategies concentrating on the predictors of ED consumption to promote consciousness about ingredients and related health effects of ED among students of all levels in Bangladesh and other countries as well.

scholarly journals Exposure to tobacco smoke among pupils from Sopot primary schools. SOPKARD study results

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł Balwicki ◽  
A Tyrańska-Fobke ◽  
K L Suligowska ◽  
T Zdrojewski
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Background The problem of tobacco use among minors and in their immediate environment remains a significant challenge in Poland. Although Poland has passed smoke free law children are still being exposed to tobacco smoke. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenomenon of tobacco use by children in City of Sopot and in their surroundings. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the SOPKARD program for early detection of risk factors for civilization diseases in children and adolescents. A limited GYTS questionnaire was utilized to conduct the study. Data was collected from all the fifth grade students (9-11 yo) attending to Sopot primary schools in 2017 and 2018. Results The study involved 385 students (161 in 2017 and 224 in 2018). Only few students tried to smoke traditional cigarettes (3%) or use electronic e-cigarettes (2%). Despite the legal ban, 24% of students saw smokers in the school premises. In addition, 34% of children said that one or both of their parents smokes and that in only slightly more than ¾ of the houses smoking is completely prohibited. As many as 66% of students reported smoking incidents in the cars they travel. There were 16% students who think they could start smoking in the future. Conclusions The results suggest that Sopot children are still exposed to tobacco smoke inhalation. It happens in private, non-smoking areas (homes and family cars). It is worth conducting educational activities and considering legislative initiatives such as smoking ban in vehicles carrying children to stimulate parents to take care more of the health of their children. Key messages Although tobacco legislation in Poland protects people from passive smoking in public places children are still exposed in private premises. Ban on smoking should be extended to privates cars at minimum.

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