scholarly journals A comparative study of prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban, and rural population of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
B. Babu Rao ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Population

Background: Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.1 People are generally considered obese when their body mass index (BMI), a measurement obtained by dividing a person's weight by the square of the person's height, is over 30 kg/m2, with the range 25–30 kg/m2 defined as overweight.Aims and objectives were to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the study population and to compare the study results between urban and rural area population.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study from April 2008 to May 2009 (1 year) conducted at urban health centre, Harazpenta and rural health centre, Patancheruvu. Total of 1409 persons in the age group of above 15 years were involved in this study. Data collection by using pre-designed, pretested questionnaire. Data analysis by using MS office 2016. Epi info2016, rates, ratios, proportions and Chi-square tests were used.Results: Among urban population prevalence of obesity was 12.7% compared to 5.4% in rural area. The prevalence of pre obesity was more among males (26.2%) in urban area than rural area (16.72%). In the study population 42.9% of the individual who had BMI>25 were from upper middle class in urban area, when compared to 43.3% with BMI>25 belongs to upper class in rural area.Conclusions: All over weight and obese subjects should be educated to know about the occurrence of various health problems due to overweight.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among elderly people in a semi-urban area of Chennai

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Rajkamal R. ◽  
Manikandan Seralathan ◽  
Jayakiruthiga S.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population

Background: Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated that increases the risk of many adverse health conditions. Obesity being a risk factor facilitates the onset and severity of non-communicable diseases. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among elderly people residing in a semi urban area of Chennai and to measure the association between selected factors associated with overweight and obesity among the study population.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Adayalampet and Nazrathpet, a semi urban area near Chennai, which comes under the field practice area of Department of Community Medicine ACS medical college, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India, during the month of November. Study population included 251 elderly aged 60 years and above. Data were collected by house-to-house survey using pre designed questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software, version 16.0. Simple proportions were calculated, and chi square test was applied for statistical significance; p value <0.05 was considered as sta­tistically significant.Results: The prevalence of overweight was found to be 30.7% with a 95% CI (24.99-36.41) and obesity was 8.3% (4.89-11.71). Diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity gender, education are associated with overweight/obesity and were statistically significant.Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and obesity, among elderly people was moderate to high among our study population. Hence concerned efforts through behavior change communication intervention are required to reduce the burden of overweight/obesity among the community. 

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-647
Author(s):  
SARA GUL ◽  
ATIF HUSSAIN ◽  
KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽  
IMRANULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

scholarly journals Characteristics of water containers influencing the presence of Aedes immatures in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-407
Author(s):  
Pathavee Waewwab ◽  
Sungsit Sungvornyothin ◽  
Kamolnetr Okanurak ◽  
Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri ◽  
Rutcharin Potiwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of breeding containers on the production of Aedes mosquitoes after a vector-control program in households that might support dengue transmission in tourist attraction areas of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand, during the period October 2016 to September 2017. A total of 832 households from five villages participated in the study. Data collection employed an interview questionnaire, larval mosquito survey and measurements of the chemical properties of the water in each container. A binary logistic regression model was used to investigate the characteristics of water containers influencing the presence or absence of Aedes immatures. Findings The study found that water containers located inside households had a highly presence of Aedes immatures (2.22 times) compared with outdoor containers. Water containers without lids and water containers with ineffective had a high presence of Aedes immatures (3.69 and 2.54 times, respectively). In addition, the chemical properties of the water inside the containers, such as pH, influenced the presence of Aedes immatures (1.76 times) (OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.59–1.96). Originality/value The study results emphasized the characteristics of water containers in households located in a tourist attraction area. The findings may inform public health vector-control messages for households located in the tourist attraction area.

Assessment of Knowledge and Practice about Mosquito Born Disease among Rural Population of Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
V. Pragadeesh Raja ◽  
G. Ravivarman ◽  
E. Venmathi ◽  
M. Salomi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Breeding Place ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Mosquito are one of the well known causing many diseases like Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Lymphatic Filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis. They are more prevalent in rural area due to various social factors and lack of knowledge. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge of people and their practices regarding mosquito borne diseases in rural areas of Kancheepuram district, Tamilnadu. Materials and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among the residents of Pooncheri, Kancheepuram district of Tamilnadu, between the period of August 2017 to September 2017 among 124 houses selected. After obtaining informed consent from the participants they were interviewed using a pretested semi structured questionnaire regarding their knowledge and practices on mosquito borne diseases. Results: The study reported that in case of any symptoms suspected to be of mosquito born disease majority of the study population 82.2% reported consulting doctors.  The most preferred mode of prevention of mosquito bite was usage of spray (33.9%) in the breeding place followed by usage of electric repellents (31.4%). Conclusion: The study indicated that majority of the study population were unaware bout the prevention practices despite knowing about these diseases. Thus, arises the need for effective propagation in the rural area about prevention strategies of mosquito born disease through mass education and social media.

scholarly journals A KAP study on snake bite among the rural population in Tirunelveli district

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1762
Author(s):  
Krishnaleela G. ◽  
Selva Meena M. ◽  
Praveena Daya A.
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: India has 236 species of snakes of which 13 species are poisonous. Most of the Indian population are in rural area and they are poorly informed about the snake bite. They waste their vital time by reporting to traditional healers and taking inappropriate first aid. So the present study is done to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice on snake bite among the rural population of Tirunelveli district.Methods: A cross–sectional study was done in rural area of Tirunelveli district. 200 adults were included in our study. Data on knowledge, attitude and practice were collected by the trained personnel using a predesigned structured questionnaire for the period of three months from June 2017 to August 2017.Results: 60.5% of the study population can’t identify the snake. 54% of them had knowledge on availability of ASV.62% of study subjects had no knowledge on complications of snake bite. It was also found that most of them had practice of tying tourniquet above the site of bite, sucking blood from the site, washing with soap and water. 62.5% preferred hospital treatment for snake bite only 12% preferred traditional practices and 59.5% believed that ASV is effective.Conclusions: Knowledge on identification of snake and on ASV is low and still some people follow harmful practices like taking to traditional healers and applying native medicine so steps must be taken to improve their knowledge and to prevent harmful practices.

scholarly journals BOVINE MILK

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
Shafqat Ullah ◽  
Naheed Mahsood ◽  
Ayesha Imtiaz ◽  
Amir Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Milk and dairy products are consumed by the human on dailybasis throughout the globe and constitute a huge business by the dairy farmers due to its highdemand. The consumers of milk and milk products expect its high quality, free from the artificialpreservatives and threatening agents. Objectives: To determine the chemical quality of rawbovine milk sold in open markets of district Peshawar. Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: 4 towns, Town 1(Sikandar Town and Gul Bahar) ,2 (Shahi Bala,Methra and Pajjagi),3(University Road and Hayatabad Area), 4 (Hazaekhawani and Badabair Area) of districtPeshawar. Period: 6 months; from November 2016 to April 2017. Methodology: 158 sampleswere selected. All samples were analyzed for adulteration in the Public Health Laboratory phase5 Hayatabad Peshawar. Study duration was 6 months; convenient sampling technique hasbeen followed. Results: Among all 158 samples; 32.3% of the sample were adulterated withwater. 8.9% of sample showed hydrogen per oxide adulteration. Starch, cane sugar and ureaadulteration was in 7.6%, 2.5% and 1.9% samples respectively. Vegetable oil, formalin andsynthetic milk adulteration was in 1.9%, 5.7% and 5.7% of samples respectively. We have LargeScale Vendors i.e. Rural Area 10% showing low and Urban Area 90% as high adulteration, SmallScale Vendors 30% low in rural Area and 70% high adulteration in urban area respectively.Conclusion: This study results provided a base line data of chemical composition of bovinemilk used in Peshawar. Chemical were present and can play key role in alteration of milk whichwe use on daily basis. Water content was high, it means that most of the shop-keepers prefer tomix water in milk to increase the quantity of milk. Use of starch, Vegetable Oil and Formalin wasminimal. Use of hydrogen peroxide, Urea and synthetic milk was very less in provided sample.

scholarly journals Incidence of occupational injuries among adults residing in a selected rural area of India: A cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Ravi ◽  
Bobby Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Creative Commons

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence and profile of occupational injuries among rural workers of rural India. Methods: This study was conducted among all persons between the ages of 18 to 60 years and engaged in some occupation and residing in the villages under the three rural subcentres of Sarjapur Primary Health Centre during the time period of 2009-2012. The sample size was calculated to be 400 assuming a prevalence of 10% and absolute precision of 3% at 95% confidence limits and a systematic random sampling of the household was done to select the study population. Results: The incidence of occupational injuries in the study period of 2009-2012 was 22%. Out of the total 91 injuries, the proportion of injuries, which were agriculture-related, was 62%. The most common cause of injury was due to contact with plant thorns. Above half (54%) involved the upper limbs, and (30%) involved the lower limbs. By using the injury severity scale, 88% were of minor degree. 67% required treatment and 32% of the injured persons took treatment in a private hospital. Those who sustained an injury, 9% required admission to a hospital. Three participants have sustained a permanent disability during this study. Conclusion: The Incidence of occupational injuries was found to be 22% and agriculture showed to have the highest proportion of injuries. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.293 How to cite this:Ravi S, Joseph B. Incidence of occupational injuries among adults residing in a selected rural area of India: A cross sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.293 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Assessment of services rendered at village health and nutrition day in rural area of Kathua district, Jammu and Kashmir: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1544
Author(s):  
Sonika Sangra ◽  
Neha Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Village Health

Background: Village health and nutrition days (VHNDs) are based on the principal of integration of services like nutrition, sanitation, health provision using a holistic approach. Days are organized once per week in each Anganwadi centre. These services are provided free of cost to rural people. The objective of the study was to assess services rendered at VHND in rural area of Kathua district, Jammu and Kashmir, India.Methods: The present study was descriptive cross-sectional in type, conducted in zone Budhi which is a field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, GMC Kathua. The zone Budhi consists of one primary health centre along with its six subcentres. One auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) covered one VHND once a week. For a month, one ANM covered four VHNDs. So, out of 10 ANMs in Zone Budhi, 7 attended VHNDs with a maximum of 28 village health and nutrition days covered in a month.Results: All the ANMs made a micro-plan ahead of their visits and prepared a list of beneficiaries. Medical officers were available in 18 out of 28 sessions. ANM, anganwadi workers were available in majority of the sessions. Blood pressure apparatus and stethoscope were available in 60.71% and 67.85% sessions. In majority of sessions, the available items were weighing scales, vaccines with syringes, tablet Iron and folic acid. Services provided at the VHNDs were patients attended, pregnant women registered etc.Conclusions: Study revealed that performance of most of the sessions of VHNDs were satisfactory. So, efforts need to be initiated to fill all these gaps. And priority should be given to provide basic primary health care services to the beneficiaries. 

scholarly journals Prescription Errors Still a Challenge in Pakistan - A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Hafiz Obaid ◽  
Ahmed Umer Sohaib ◽  
Abu Bakar Munir ◽  
Jamshaid Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Qamar-uz Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To evaluate the prescription writing pattern and errors in prescriptions at different health care units of Central Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted to conduct the present study. Data collection was done for a period of one month i.e. March 2018 from selected community pharmacies of five different cities of Central Punjab, Pakistan. Patients were approached irrespective of age and gender and data was recorded on a pre-designed Performa. The total sample size was 750 (150 prescriptions from each pharmacy). SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Sciences, version 20.0) was used for statistical analysis of data. Results: Out of 750 prescriptions, 662 prescriptions were included in final analysis. Patient name was found written in almost all prescriptions 660 (99.7%) while physician name was missing on 519 (78.4%). Healthcare provider registration number and qualification were not on 654 (98.8%) and 527 (79.6%) prescriptions respectively. Poly-pharmacy was observed in 103 (16%) prescriptions and no prescription was found with generic name. Conclusion: The study results highlighted the imperative need to devise policies that should be regulated and implemented by the healthcare authorities to make our prescriptions in line with the prescribed guidelines.

scholarly journals Determinants of open-air defecation in rural Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Swarnapriya Vasudevan ◽  
Srinivasan Nallasamy ◽  
Arjun Loganathan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Bodies Of Water

Background: Open defecation refers to the practice whereby people go out in fields, bushes, forests, open bodies of water, or other open spaces rather than using toilet to defecate. This practice contributes to the emergence of infectious diseases which forms a threat to health of people. This study attempts to find the prevalence of open-air defecation (OAD) and to explore factors influencing the practice.Methods: The present study was a community based cross-sectional study taken up in the C. Manampadi village covering 153 households. A semi structured questionnaire along with the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: Our study results show that 35.3% of the households had no toilet facility in their houses and were practicing open air defecation. There was a significant association between open air defection and variables like literacy level of head of the family, community and water adequacy.Conclusions: This study highlights that the study population practices OAD not due to economic in sufficiency but due to social constraints.

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