Ephedra alata extracts exerts anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-antipyretic and analgesic effects

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tiss ◽  
Zoubeida Souiy ◽  
Lotfi Achour ◽  
Khaled Hamden
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Purpose This study paper aims to evaluate the Phytochemical Composition, anti-obesity, anti-antipyretic and analgesic effect of Ephedra alata (Ea) extracts. Design/methodology/approach Obesity was induced in male Wistar rats through a high-fat/fructose diet (HF/FD). Control rats received a standard diet. Findings Results of this study showed that the Ea methanol extract (MEEa) exhibited a prominent selective inhibitory effect against lipase activity (IC50 = 1.29 mg/ml) as compared to water and ethyl acetate extracts (with IC50 = 1.63 and 1.89, respectively). Also, MEEa exert antipyretic and analgesic activities. In high-fat-high-fructose diet rats, the administration of MEEa inhibited lipase activity in the intestine, pancreas and serum by 53%, 40% and 53%, respectively. It was found to significantly decrease body weight by 20% (p = 0.09) and delay the absorption of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and increase HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). In addition, MEEa efficiently decreased a-amylase activity in the intestine, pancreas and serum by 43%, 26% and 46%, respectively, and blood glucose level by 35% (p = 0.06). Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study demonstrates for the first time that MEEa are efficient in preventing obesity and hyperglycemia, pain and fever.

scholarly journals Dietary Fresh and Boiled Mangkokan Leaves (Nothopanax Scutellarius) Normalized Body Weight, Serum Lipid Profile and Malondialdehyde in Metabolic Syndrome Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-902
Author(s):  
Devi Elvina Rachma ◽  
Retno Murwani ◽  
Achmad Zulfa Juniarto
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
High Fructose

The antioxidant activity of Nothopanax scutellarius (Burm. f.) Merr, an edible plant, can prevent oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, our research aimed to study the effect of dietary inclusion of fresh or boiled N. scutellarius on body weight and biochemical markers of Wistar rats with MetS. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups, i.e., normal control group, high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD) group, fresh N. scutellarius (FNs) group, and boiled N. scutellarius (BNs) group. The normal control group was fed only a standard diet during the entire experiment. High-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet accompanied with 20% fructose in drinking water to induce MetS was given to the HFFD, FNs, and BNs groups for 29 days. This was followed by a 29-day intervention diet in which standard normal diet, fresh N. scutellarius-containing standard diet, and boiled N. scutellarius-containing standard diet were given to the HFFD, FNs, and BNs groups, respectively. HFHFr diet significantly (p<0.05) raised fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and malondialdehyde (MDA), and significantly (p<0.05) reduced HDL-cholesterol. After 29 days on the intervention diet, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were found to decrease, and HDL-cholesterol levels were found to increase significantly (p<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that dietary intake of N. scutellarius for 29 days can improve MetS components, i.e., FBG, serum lipid profile, and MDA, similar to those seen in rats on a normal control diet.

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Anggur Laut terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol LDL Rattus norvegicus Jantan yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
RONALDO LAU ◽  
SULISTIANA PRABOWO ◽  
RIAMI RIAMI
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
White Male ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

<p align="justify"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p align="justify"><strong>Background</strong>: High fat diet increase the absorption of lipid in the intestinum, that can lead to increase LDL cholesterol level in the blood. Sea grapes extract (<em>Caulerpa racemosa</em>) contains antioxidant polyphenolic group that can reduce MTP and ACAT-2 in the body that can decrease LDL cholesterol level in the blood.The purpose of this study is to know the effect of sea grapes extract  on decreasing LDL cholesterol of white male Wistar rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) fed with high fat diet.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Method</strong>:  24 white male Wistar rats, that divided into 3 groups: 1) group of rats fed with standard diet for 28 days; 2) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days; 3) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days and given 10 gram/kg body weight/day of sea grapes extract on 15<sup>th</sup>-28<sup>th</sup> days. Then the blood LDL cholesterol level measured on the 29<sup>th</sup> day.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Result :</strong> One-Way ANOVA Test showed there was significant difference (p=0.004) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with standard diet (12.37 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl). There was significant difference (p=0.001) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet and sea grapes extract (10.12 mg/dl).</p><p align="justify"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>high fat diet significantly increase blood LDL cholesterol level and sea grapes extract (<em>Caulerpa racemosa</em>) significantly decrease blood LDL cholesterol level.</p><p align="justify"> </p><p align="justify"><strong>Keywords :</strong>Sea grapes extract, LDL cholesterol, high fat diet</p>

Favorable effects of Globularia alypum on cardiometabolic markers in high fructose-fed rats

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmina Bahlil ◽  
Djamil Krouf ◽  
Zoheir Mellouk ◽  
Nawal Taleb-Dida ◽  
Akila Guenzet
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Globularia Alypum ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Purpose This study aims to examine whether Globularia alypum (Ga) lyophilized aqueous leaves extract treatment improves cardiometabolic syndromes such as hyperglycemia, lipid profiles and oxidative damage resulting from a high-fructose diet induced in hypertriglyceridemic rats. Design/methodology/approach A total of 24 male Wistar rats weighing 80 ± 5 g were first randomly divided into 2 groups. A total of 12 control rats (C) were fed a standard-diet (St-D) and 12 high fructose (HF) rats were fed a high-fructose diet (HF-D) containing St-D in which cornstarch was substituted by fructose (61.4%). After 15 weeks of feeding, body weight (BW) was about 320 ± 20 g and hypertriglyceridemia was noted in HF vs C group (2.69 ± 0.49 mmol/L) vs (1.25 ± 0.33 mmol/L). Each group of rats was then divided into two equal groups (n = 6) and fed during four weeks either a St-D or HF-D, treated or not with 1% of Ga extract (C-Ga) and (HF-Ga). After 28 days, fasting rats were anesthetized and blood and tissues were removed to measure biochemical parameters. Findings The results showed no significant differences in BW and insulinemia between all groups. Ga extract supplementation reduced glycemia (−36%), glycosylated hemoglobin (−37%), Homeostasis Model of Assessment-Insulin Resistance index (−34%) and triacylglycerol’s contents in plasma (−33%), very low density lipoproteins–low density lipoproteins (VLDL-LDL) (−48%), liver (−52%) and aorta (−39%); total cholesterol concentrations in aorta was 3.7-fold lower in HF-Ga vs HF group. Ga treatment reduced lipid peroxidation in plasma, VLDL-LDL, red blood cells (RBC), liver, muscle and kidney by improving superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in RBC and catalase (CAT) activity in kidney (p < 0.05). Moreover, Ga ameliorates glutathione (GSH) production in RBC (+41%) and kidney tissues (+35%). Originality/value Ga extract ameliorated cardiometabolic syndrome by its hypotriglyceridemic effect and prevented development of insulin resistance. It reduces lipid peroxidation by enhancing non-enzymatic (GSH) and enzymatic (SOD, GPx and CAT) antioxidant defense systems in high-fructose hypertriglyceridemic rats. Therefore, supplementation of Ga leaves extract as an adjuvant could be used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and the prevention and/or the management of cardio-metabolic adverse effects.

scholarly journals Impact of synbiotic diets including inulin, Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal microbiota of rat exposed to cadmium and mercury

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dornoush Jafarpour ◽  
Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghaisari ◽  
Saeid Nazifi ◽  
Javad Sajedianfard
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of two probiotics and a prebiotic (inulin) on intestinal microbiota of rats exposed to cadmium and mercury. Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups. All groups except control group were fed standard rat chow with 5% inulin and treated as follows: i) control (standard diet), ii) <em>Lactobacillus</em> <em>plantarum</em>- treated group (1×109 CFU/day), iii) <em>Bacillus</em> <em>coagulans</em>-treated group (1×109 spores/day), iv) cadmium-treated group (200 μg/rat/day), v) L. plantarum and cadmium-treated group, vi) <em>B. coagulans</em> and cadmium-treated group, vii) mercury-treated group (10 μg/rat/day), viii) <em>L. plantarum</em> and mercurytreated group, ix) <em>B. coagulans</em> and mercurytreated group. Cadmium, mercury and probiotics were daily gavaged to individual rats for 42 days. Treatment effects on intestinal microbiota composition of rats were determined. Data showed that cadmium and mercury accumulation in rat intestine affected the gastrointestinal tract and had a reduction effect on all microbial counts (total aerobic bacteria, total anaerobic bacteria, total Lactic acid bacteria, <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> counts) compared to the control group. It was also observed that application of synbiotics in synbiotic and heavy metals-treated groups had a significant effect and increased the number of fecal bacteria compared to the heavy metals groups. Based on our study, it can be concluded that <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> along with prebiotic inulin play a role in protection against cadmium and mercury inhibitory effect and have the potential to be a beneficial supplement in rats’ diets.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Induced by Pterostilbene and Resveratrol in High-Fat-High-Fructose Fed Rats: Putative Role in Steatohepatitis Onset

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Iñaki Milton-Laskibar ◽  
Laura Judith Marcos-Zambrano ◽  
Saioa Gómez-Zorita ◽  
Alfredo Fernández-Quintela ◽  
Enrique Carrillo de Santa de Santa Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Methoxy Derivative ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Resveratrol and its 2-methoxy derivative pterostilbene are two phenolic compounds that occur in foodstuffs and feature hepato-protective effects. This study is devoted to analysing and comparing the metabolic effects of pterostilbene and resveratrol on gut microbiota composition in rats displaying NAFLD induced by a diet rich in saturated fat and fructose. The associations among changes induced by both phenolic compounds in liver status and those induced in gut microbiota composition were also analysed. For this purpose, fifty Wistar rats were distributed in five experimental groups: a group of animals fed a standard diet (CC group) and four additional groups fed a high-fat high-fructose diet alone (HFHF group) or supplemented with 15 or 30 mg/kg bw/d of pterostilbene (PT15 and PT30 groups, respectively) or 30 mg/kg bw/d of resveratrol (RSV30 group). The dramatic changes induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding in the gut microbiota were poorly ameliorated by pterostilbene or resveratrol. These results suggest that the specific changes in microbiota composition induced by pterostilbene (increased abundances of Akkermansia and Erysipelatoclostridium, and lowered abundance of Clostridum sensu stricto 1) may not entirely explain the putative preventive effects on steatohepatitis.

scholarly journals PENGARUH AROMATERAPI MINYAK ATSIRI JAHE TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DAN KOLESTEROL DARAH TIKUS YANG DIBERI PAKAN TINGGI LEMAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aji Agung Cahyaji
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat

The study aims to determine the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oil via inhalation on blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level of rats that fed high fat diet. Eighteen albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were devided into three treatments groups. The treatments were K1 (standard diet) as negative control, K2 (high fat diet) as positive control, and K3 (high fat diet + ginger essential oil inhalation). Blood samples were collected after 5 weeks of treatment period. The result showed the level of triglyceride, cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol at treatment K3 tend to be lower than treatment K2. LDL cholesterol level at treatment K3 show higher result than treatment K2. From the result of this study cocluded that inhalation of ginger essential oil can lowering triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol level and raise HDL cholesterol level. Keywords: triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ginger essential oil

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia’s influence on the secretion ovarian’s steroids in female mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e298101321369
Author(s):  
Juliana Maganha Abreu ◽  
Gérsika Bitencourt Santos ◽  
Maria das Graças de Souza Carvalho ◽  
Juliana Marques Mencarelli ◽  
Bruna Rayanne Moreira Cândido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Wild Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Glucose Plasma

Introduction: The synthesis ovarian’s steroids is a process thats depends on the supply of cholesterol. Objective: to evaluate the influence of dyslipidemia on the secretion ovarian’s steroids. Methodology: wild female mice were used (C57BL6) and LDL (LDLR-/-), which they were separated into 4 groups (n = 10): WTS: fed a standard diet; WTHL: fed a high-fat diet; KOS: fed a standard diet; KOHL: fed a high-fat diet. After 60 days, the estrous cycle was analyzed and after anesthetized, blood was collected for the to assess the lipid profile, glucose, plasma insulin level and HOMA index was calculated. In addition, plasma levels of C-reactive protein, estrogen and progesterone were determined. Results: The hyperlipidic diet in both the WTHL and the KOHL group generated hypercholesterolemia when compared to the WTS and KOS, respectively, with a decrease in HDLc, associated with an increase in CRP levels. Severe hypercholesterolemia in the KOHL group generated insulin resistance, marked by an increase in HOMAir. Food hypercholesterolemia in the WTHL group, food and genetics in the KOHL group, compared to their WTS and KOS controls, was definitive in reducing plasma levels of estrogen and progesterone. The genetic hypercholesterolemia associated with insulin resistance observed in the KOS and KOHL groups reduced the levels of progesterone, this reduction being more severe in the KOHL group, which had the highest HOMAir. Conclusion: dyslipidemia affected ovarian steroidogenesis in mice by means of oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance and / or by decreasing HDL cholesterol levels.

Desenvolvimento de um Modelo Experimental de Dislipidemia de Baixo Custo/Development of low Cost Dislipidemia Experimental Model

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho ◽  
Lázaro Alessandro Soares Nunes ◽  
Kalina Tondato De Paula e Silva ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Marques ◽  
André Luiz Rios Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Standard Ration

Objetivo: Desenvolver um novo método experimental de baixo custo para indução de dislipidemia em ratos. Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 20 ratos, da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos (n=10). O grupo 1 (controle) recebeu ração padrão para ratos da marca Purina® (com concentração padrão de colesterol) e o grupo 2 recebeu a mesma ração adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterol, obtido através da gema de ovo (grupo experimental), por 50 dias. Resultados: o grupo tratado com ração padrão da marca Purina® adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterolapresentou aumento significativo dos níveis séricos de colesterol total (118,6± 4,74 vs. 84,2±5,0 mg/dL, p<0,01 ), LDL-C (54,4± 7,9 vs. 23,6 ±7,0 mg/dL, p<0,01), VLDL-C (45,9±1,2 vs. 29,0± 5,8 mg/dL, p<0,01) e triglicérides (229,3±6,0 vs 145,0± 28,9 mg/dL, p<0,01) e redução significativa do HDL-C (18,3±4,8  vs. 31,7±5,6 mg/dL, p<0,01), quando comparado ao grupo controle. Conclusão: A utilização da ração padrão da marca Purina® adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterol mostrou-se eficaz em produzir alterações significativas nos níveis séricos de colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, VLDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol e triglicérides, demonstrando que este modelo experimental de baixo custo constitui uma ferramenta útil para produzir dislipidemia em ratos. Palavras-Chave: Dislipidemia, modelo experimental, ratos. ABSTRACTObjective: Development of a new experimental low-cost method for induction of dislipidemia in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were used, allocated in two groups (n = 10). Group 1 (control) received a standard diet for rats Purina® mark (with a standard concentration of cholesterol) and group 2 received the same chow and 0.5% p/p cholesterol obtained through yolk (Group experimental) for 50 days. Results: The group treated with the standard ration Purina® branded and 0.5% p/p cholesterol showed a significant increase in serum total cholesterol (118,6± 4,74 vs. 84,2±5,0 mg/dL, p<0,01 ), LDL-C (54,4± 7,9 vs. 23,6 ±7,0mg/dL, p<0,01), VLDL-C (45,9±1,2 vs. 29,0± 5,8 mg/dL, p<0,01) and triglycerides (229,3±6,0 vs 145,0± 28,9 mg/dL, p<0,01) and significant reduction of HDL-C (18,3±4,8  vs. 31,7±5,6 mg/dL, p<0,01) when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The use of standard ration Purina® branded and added to 0.5% p/p cholesterol was effective in producing significant changes in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, demonstrating that this experimental model makes a useful low cost tool to produce dyslipidemia in rats. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, experimental model, rats

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Pterostilbene and Its Parent Compound Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat High-Fructose Feeding

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1042
Author(s):  
Saioa Gómez-Zorita ◽  
Maitane González-Arceo ◽  
Jenifer Trepiana ◽  
Leixuri Aguirre ◽  
Ana B Crujeiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
First Time

Different studies have revealed that oxidative stress and inflammation are crucial in NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). The aim of this study is to analyze whether pterostilbene and resveratrol are able to either avoid or delay the progression of non-alcoholic liver steatosis towards steatohepatitis. This has been performed by examining their effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and pre-carcinogenic stages. Rats were distributed into five experimental groups and were fed with either a standard diet or a high-fat high-fructose diet, supplemented or not with pterostilbene (15 or 30 mg/kg/d) or resveratrol (30 mg/kg/d), for 8 weeks. Liver histological analysis was carried out by haematoxylin–eosin staining. Serum and hepatic oxidative stress-related parameters were assessed using spectrophotometry, and the expression of genes related to inflammation, fibrosis and cancer by qRT-PCR. The dietary model used in this study led to the development of steatohepatitis, where rats displayed oxidative stress, inflammation and ballooning, although not fibrosis. It also modified the expression of hepatocarcinoma-related genes. The results show, for the first time, that pterostilbene was able to partially prevent these alterations, with the exception of changes in hepatocarcinoma-related genes, mainly at 30 mg/kg/d. Pterostilbene was more effective than its parent compound resveratrol, probably due to its high bioavailability and higher anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, attributable to its different chemical structure.

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