Transcriptome and proteome dynamics in chemostat culture reveal howCampylobacter jejunimodulates metabolism, stress responses and virulence factors upon changes in oxygen availability

Proteus mirabilisis a common human pathogen causing recurrent or persistent urinary tract infections (UTIs). The underlying mechanisms forP. mirabilisto establish UTIs are not fully elucidated. In this study, we showed that loss of the sigma factor E (RpoE), mediating extracytoplasmic stress responses, decreased fimbria expression, survival in macrophages, cell invasion, and colonization in mice but increased the interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression of urothelial cells and swarming motility. This is the first study to demonstrate that RpoE modulated expression of MR/P fimbriae by regulatingmrpI, a gene encoding a recombinase controlling the orientation of MR/P fimbria promoter. By real-time reverse transcription-PCR, we found that the IL-8 mRNA amount of urothelial cells was induced significantly by lipopolysaccharides extracted fromrpoEmutant but not from the wild type. These RpoE-associated virulence factors should be coordinately expressed to enhance the fitness ofP. mirabilisin the host, including the avoidance of immune attacks. Accordingly,rpoEmutant-infected mice displayed more immune cell infiltration in bladders and kidneys during early stages of infection, and therpoEmutant had a dramatically impaired ability of colonization. Moreover, it is noteworthy that urea (the major component in urine) and polymyxin B (a cationic antimicrobial peptide) can induce expression ofrpoEby the reporter assay, suggesting that RpoE might be activated in the urinary tract. Altogether, our results indicate that RpoE is important in sensing environmental cues of the urinary tract and subsequently triggering the expression of virulence factors, which are associated with the fitness ofP. mirabilis, to build up a UTI.

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Molecules Autoinducer 2 and cjA and Their Impact on Gene Expression in Campylobacter jejuni

Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1159/000495411 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 207-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Martin Teren ◽

Hana Turonova Michova ◽

Lucie Vondrakova ◽

Katerina Demnerova

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Cell Communication ◽

Homoserine Lactone ◽

Receptor Protein ◽

Characteristic Structure ◽

Food Isolate

Quorum sensing is a widespread form of cell-to-cell communication, which is based on the production of signaling molecules known as autoinducers (AIs). The first group contains highly species-specific N-acyl homoserine lactones (N-AHLs), generally known as AI-1, which are produced by AHL synthase. The second group, possessing the characteristic structure of a furanone ring, are known as AI-2. The enzyme responsible for their production is S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase (LuxS). In Campylobacter jejuni, AI-2 and LuxS play a role in many important processes, including biofilm formation, stress response, motility, expression of virulence factors, and colonization. However, neither the receptor protein nor the exact structure of the AI-2 molecule have been identified to date. Similarly, little is known about the possible existence of AHL-synthase producing AI-1 and its impact on gene expression. Recently, an analogue of homoserine lactone, called cjA, was isolated from a cell-free supernatant of C. jejuni strain 81–176 and from the food isolate c11. The molecule cjA particularly impacted the expression of virulence factors and biofilm formation. This review summarizes the role of AI-2 and cjA in the context of biofilm formation, motility, stress responses, and expression of virulence factors.

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Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induce Both the Unfolded Protein and Integrated Stress Responses in Airway Epithelial Cells

PLoS Pathogens ◽

10.1371/journal.ppat.1004946 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e1004946 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Emily F. A. van ‘t Wout ◽

Annemarie van Schadewijk ◽

Ria van Boxtel ◽

Lucy E. Dalton ◽

Hanna J. Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Airway Epithelial Cells ◽

Airway Epithelial ◽

Unfolded Protein

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The Periplasmic Oxidoreductase DsbA Is Required for Virulence of the Phytopathogen Dickeya solani

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms23020697 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 697

Author(s):

Tomasz Przepiora ◽

Donata Figaj ◽

Aleksandra Bogucka ◽

Jakub Fikowicz-Krosko ◽

Robert Czajkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virulence Factors ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Protein Function ◽

Disulfide Bonds ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Virulence Determinants ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Disulfide Bonding ◽

Dickeya Solani

In bacteria, the DsbA oxidoreductase is a crucial factor responsible for the introduction of disulfide bonds to extracytoplasmic proteins, which include important virulence factors. A lack of proper disulfide bonds frequently leads to instability and/or loss of protein function; therefore, improper disulfide bonding may lead to avirulent phenotypes. The importance of the DsbA function in phytopathogens has not been extensively studied yet. Dickeya solani is a bacterium from the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae family which is responsible for very high economic losses mainly in potato. In this work, we constructed a D. solani dsbA mutant and demonstrated that a lack of DsbA caused a loss of virulence. The mutant bacteria showed lower activities of secreted virulence determinants and were unable to develop disease symptoms in a potato plant. The SWATH-MS-based proteomic analysis revealed that the dsbA mutation led to multifaceted effects in the D. solani cells, including not only lower levels of secreted virulence factors, but also the induction of stress responses. Finally, the outer membrane barrier seemed to be disturbed by the mutation. Our results clearly demonstrate that the function played by the DsbA oxidoreductase is crucial for D. solani virulence, and a lack of DsbA significantly disturbs cellular physiology.

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Emotions and health: The impact of emotions, emotions regulation, music, and acculturation on health

Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie ◽

10.1026/0943-8149.16.3.112 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 112-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephan Bongard ◽

Volker Hodapp ◽

Sonja Rohrmann

Keyword(s):

Stress Responses ◽

Physiological Stress ◽

Anger Expression ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Cardiovascular Stress ◽

Expression Behavior ◽

Cardio Vascular ◽

And Coping ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Our unit investigates the relationship of emotional processes (experience, expression, and coping), their physiological correlates and possible health outcomes. We study domain specific anger expression behavior and associated cardio-vascular loads and found e.g. that particularly an open anger expression at work is associated with greater blood pressure. Furthermore, we demonstrated that women may be predisposed for the development of certain mental disorders because of their higher disgust sensitivity. We also pointed out that the suppression of negative emotions leads to increased physiological stress responses which results in a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. We could show that relaxation as well as music activity like singing in a choir causes increases in the local immune parameter immunoglobuline A. Finally, we are investigating connections between migrants’ strategy of acculturation and health and found e.g. elevated cardiovascular stress responses in migrants when they where highly adapted to the German culture.

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Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.22.4.259 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 259-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Eelco Olde ◽

Rolf J. Kleber ◽

Onno van der Hart ◽

Victor J.M. Pop

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Event Scale ◽

Self Rating ◽

The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

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