Care arrangements for community-dwelling people with dementia in Germany as perceived by informal carers - a cross-sectional pilot survey in a provincial-rural setting

Dementia is prevalent in worldwide, and increases the care burden and potential costs. Physical activity (PA) has been increasingly shown to be beneficial for them. This was a cross-sectional observational study aiming to investigate the status of PA among community-dwelling older adults with dementia in Beijing or Hangzhou, China, and verify the relationships between neuropsychiatric symptoms, activities of daily living (ADL), caregivers’ fear of patients’ falling and their PA using a path analysis approach. The level of PA among 216 included people with dementia was low. PA was related to the neuropsychiatric symptoms, with ADL and caregivers’ fear of patients’ falling have mediation roles. The findings indicated that person-centered strategies related to the management of these symptoms might be helpful to improve ADL, relieve caregivers’ concerns about them falling and consequently foster positive participation in PA.

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Assessing the Impact of a Hilly Environment on Depressive Symptoms among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4520

Author(s):

Takafumi Abe ◽

Kenta Okuyama ◽

Tsuyoshi Hamano ◽

Miwako Takeda ◽

Masayuki Yamasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Although some neighborhood environmental factors have been found to affect depressive symptoms, few studies have focused on the impact of living in a hilly environment, i.e., land slope, on depressive symptoms among rural older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a land slope is associated with depressive symptoms among older adults living in rural areas. Data were collected from 935 participants, aged 65 years and older, who lived in Shimane prefecture, Japan. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and defined on the basis of an SDS score ≥ 40. Land slopes within a 400 m network buffer were assessed using geographic information systems. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression. A total of 215 (23.0%) participants reported depressive symptoms. The land slope was positively associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.08) after adjusting for all confounders. In a rural setting, living in a hillier environment was associated with depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Japan.

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The prevalence, awareness, management and control of hypertension in men and women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-019-01273-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ileana Desormais ◽

Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou ◽

Yessito Corine Houehanou ◽

Stephan Dismand Houinato ◽

Gwladys Nadia Gbagouidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Large Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Due to epidemiological transitions, Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5 ± 16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p = 0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p = 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.

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Participation of end users in the design of assistive technology for people with mild to severe cognitive problems; the European Rosetta project

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610214000088 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 769-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

F. J. M. Meiland ◽

B. J. J. Hattink ◽

T. Overmars-Marx ◽

M. E. de Boer ◽

A. Jedlitschka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Participatory Design ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

End Users ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Modular System ◽

Individual Interviews ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Expert Meeting ◽

Informal Carers

ABSTRACTBackground:In the European Rosetta project three separate, previously developed, ICT systems were improved and integrated to create one modular system that helps community-dwelling people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia in different stages of the disease. The system aims to support them in daily functioning, monitor (deviations from) patterns in daily behaviour and to automatically detect emergency situations. The study aimed to inventory the end users’ needs and wishes regarding the development and design of the new integrated Rosetta system, and to describe the to be developed Rosetta system.Methods:Qualitative user-participatory design with in total 50 persons: 14 people with dementia, 13 informal carers, 6 professional carers, 9 dementia experts, 7 care partners within the project, and 1 volunteer. In the Netherlands user focus group sessions were performed and in Germany individual interviews. Dementia experts were consulted by means of a questionnaire, an expert meeting session, and interviews.Results:Persons with dementia and informal carers appreciated the following functionalities most: help in cases of emergencies, navigation support and the calendar function. Dementia experts rated various behaviours relevant to monitor in order to detect timely changes in functioning, e.g. eating, drinking, going to the toilet, taking medicine adequately, performance of activities and sleep patterns. No ethical issues regarding the use of sensors and cameras were mentioned.Conclusion:The user participatory design resulted in valuable input from persons with dementia, informal carers and professional carers/dementia experts, based on which a first prototype Rosetta system was built.

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Prevalence of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia amongst community-dwelling men in a South-Western Nigerian rural setting: A cross-sectional study

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.afju.2016.02.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 109-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R.W. Ojewola ◽

E.S. Oridota ◽

O.S. Balogun ◽

T.O. Alabi ◽

A.I. Ajayi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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The Prevalence, Awareness, Management and Control of Hypertension in Men and Women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study.

10.21203/rs.2.14078/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

ILEANA DESORMAIS ◽

Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou ◽

Yessito Corine Houehanou ◽

Stephan Dismand Houinato ◽

Gwladys Nadia Gbagouidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Large Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to epidemiological transitions. Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5±16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p=0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p= 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.

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A comparison of spouse and non-spouse carers of people with dementia: a descriptive analysis of Swedish national survey data

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02264-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marcus F. Johansson ◽

Kevin J. McKee ◽

Lena Dahlberg ◽

Christine L. Williams ◽

Martina Summer Meranius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Psychosocial Impact ◽

Care Recipient ◽

Informal Carer ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Informal Carers

Abstract Background Being an informal carer of a person with dementia (PwD) can have a negative effect on the carer’s health and quality of life, and spouse carers have been found to be especially vulnerable. Yet relatively little is known about the care provided and support received by spouse carers. This study compares spouse carers to other informal carers of PwDs regarding their care provision, the support received and the psychosocial impact of care. Methods The study was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of a stratified random sample of the Swedish population aged 18 or over. The questionnaire explored how much care the respondent provided, the support received, and the psychosocial impact of providing care. Of 30,009 people sampled, 11,168 (37.7 %) responded, of whom 330 (2.95 %) were informal carers of a PwD. Results In comparison to non-spouse carers, spouse carers provided more care more frequently, did so with less support from family or the local authority, while more frequently experiencing negative impacts on their social life and psychological and physical health. Spouse carers also received more carer support and more frequently experienced a closeness in their relationship with the care-recipient. Conclusions Spouse carers of PwD differed from non-spouse carers on virtually all aspects of their care situation. Policy and practice must be more sensitive to how the carer-care-recipient relationship shapes the experience of care, so that support is based on an understanding of the individual carer’s actual needs and preferences rather than on preconceptions drawn from a generalised support model.

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Support Needs and Expectations of People Living with Dementia and Their Informal Carers in Everyday Life: A European Study

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci8070203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 203 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lethin ◽

Hanson ◽

Margioti ◽

Chiatti ◽

Gagliardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Everyday Life ◽

Early Stage ◽

Well Being ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Design Data ◽

Living Well ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Trusting Relationships ◽

Informal Carers ◽

Group Interviews

The aim of this study was to describe the needs and expectations of support within everyday life among community-dwelling people living well with an early stage dementia and their informal carers. The study employed a qualitative design. Data were collected in 2018, via four focus group interviews with, in total, 17 people with dementia and 21 informal carers, transcribed and analyzed with manifest content analysis. Needs and expectations of support among persons with dementia were expressed as the importance of “Participation in my own care,” “Attitude of the informal carers,” and “Trusting relationships with informal carers.” Informal carers’ needs and expectations of support were expressed as the importance of “Formal care and services,” “Getting out of a carer mindset,” and “Family context.” The findings from this study highlighted that persons with dementia were well aware of their cognitive impairments and tried to maintain their independence, with both formal and informal care to help remain “being themselves.” Health professionals should acknowledge persons with dementia and informal carers’ well-being, and acknowledge the importance of their needs together with an understanding of the importance of continuity of frontline carers to building trusting relationships.

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Caregiving burnout of community-dwelling people with dementia in Hong Kong and New Zealand: a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02153-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Crystal Y. Chan ◽

Gary Cheung ◽

Adrian Martinez-Ruiz ◽

Patsy Y. K. Chau ◽

Kailu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regional Differences ◽

Allied Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Primary Caregiver ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Recipients ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Caregiver Burnout

Abstract Background Informal caregiving for people with dementia can negatively impact caregivers’ health. In Asia-Pacific regions, growing dementia incidence has made caregiver burnout a pressing public health issue. A cross-sectional study with a representative sample helps to understand how caregivers experience burnout throughout this region. We explored the prevalence and contributing factors of burnout of caregivers of community-dwelling older people with dementia in Hong Kong (HK), China, and New Zealand (NZ) in this study. Methods Analysis of interRAI Home Care Assessment data for care-recipients (aged ≥65 with Alzheimer’s disease/other dementia) who had applied for government-funded community services and their caregivers was conducted. The sample comprised 9976 predominately Chinese in HK and 16,725 predominantly European in NZ from 2013 to 2016. Caregiver burnout rates for HK and NZ were calculated. Logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of the significant factors associated with caregiver burnout in both regions. Results Caregiver burnout was present in 15.5 and 13.9% of the sample in HK and NZ respectively. Cross-regional differences in contributing factors to burnout were found. Care-recipients’ ADL dependency, fall history, and cohabitation with primary caregiver were significant contributing factors in NZ, while primary caregiver being child was found to be significant in HK. Some common contributing factors were observed in both regions, including care-recipients having behavioural problem, primary caregiver being spouse, providing activities-of-daily-living (ADL) care, and delivering more than 21 h of care every week. In HK, allied-health services (physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy) protected caregiver from burnout. Interaction analysis showed that allied-health service attenuates the risk of burnout contributed by care-recipient’s older age (85+), cohabitation with child, ADL dependency, mood problem, and ADL care provision by caregivers. Conclusions This study highlights differences in service delivery models, family structures and cultural values that may explain the cross-regional differences in dementia caregiving experience in NZ and HK. Characteristics of caregiving dyads and their allied-health service utilization are important contributing factors to caregiver burnout. A standardized needs assessment for caregivers could help policymakers and healthcare practitioners to identify caregiving dyads who are at risk of burnout and provide early intervention.

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Associations Between Social Engagement and Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.905 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 283-283

Author(s):

Aya Yoshikawa ◽

Matthew Smith ◽

Marcia Ory

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Social Engagement ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Living Arrangement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Organized Activities ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

People With Dementia

Abstract People with dementia (PWD) tend to experience loneliness and physical inactivity, which increases their risk of negative health outcomes such as depression and declined physical functioning. Research indicates the link between supportive social environments and physical activity (PA), yet this association is not fully studied among PWD. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between social engagement and moderate (i.e. walking for exercise) and vigorous PA among PWD. A subset sample of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries in the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study, representing PWD including possible (n = 779) and probable (n = 902) dementia, were analyzed using survey-weighted logistic regression analysis. All analyses were controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, living arrangement, physical functioning, and the number of chronic conditions. The majority of participants was 80 years or older (52.5%), female (53.1%), White (67.4%), had a high school or higher education (64.0%), and two or more chronic conditions (74.1%). Living alone (OR = 1.60, 95%CI 1.22, 2.10), knowing their community well (OR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.12, 2.16), and going out for enjoyment (OR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.37, 2.73) were associated with moderate PA. In addition to going out for enjoyment (OR = 2.40, 95%CI 1.65, 3.53), attending organized activities (OR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.15, 3.39) and working as a volunteer (OR = 1.63, 95%CI 1.04, 2.57) were associated with vigorous PA. Findings suggest that enjoyable activities and community familiarity may facilitate walking behavior among PWD. Integrating events and volunteer activities within communities is encouraged for supporting active living among PWD.

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