Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of a synthetic cocoa butter equivalent obtained through modification of mango seed oil

This study was aimed to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and characterize the physicochemical properties. Seeds were collected from the local central market, Khartoum-Sudan (2019). The samples were dried under shade and grinded, then the oil was extracted with a Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane. The percentage yield of the extract was found to be 25.64%. The seed oil was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G-), Escherichia coli (G-), Bacillus subtilis (G+), Staphylococcus aureus (G+), and Candida albicans to assess their antimicrobial properties. The extract of B. aegyptiaca seed oil has antimicrobial activity against most of the organisms tested. The fatty acid profile of the B. aegyptiaca seed oil was analyzed by GC/MS. The results revealed that the presence of five fatty acids, including saturated linoleic acid, oleic acid, and unsaturated palmate and stearic acids, also a unique antioxidant compound butylated hydroxytoluene. The physiochemical properties of the seed oil showed that the oil contained kinetic viscosity (57 cp), density (0.917 g/cm3), refractive index (1.472), acid value (49.96 mg/kg), saponification value (248.75 mg/g), ester number (234.79 mg/kg) and peroxide number (0.02 mg/kg). Through physiochemical analysis, it was found that oil can be used for human consumption due to the percentage yield of unsaturated acids (81%). In addition, the results of the antioxidant activity of the seeds oil showed that the seed oil had moderate antioxidant activity.

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Effects of Extraction Solvents on the Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Mangifera indica L. Seed Oil

Dev Sanskriti Interdisciplinary International Journal ◽

10.36018/dsiij.v12i0.104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 43-51

Author(s):

NWAOKOBIA, K ◽

IDIBIE, C. A. ◽

OGBORUR. O. ◽

OKOLIE, P. L.

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Acid Value ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Saponification Value ◽

Extraction Solvents ◽

Mango Seed ◽

Ethanol Extracts

The extraction of oil from mango seeds was investigated using a Soxhlet Extractor. Mango seeds were collected, dried and grounded into powder. Hexane and ethanol were used to extract the oil at varying time of extraction of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 hours, respectively. Result shows that yield is time dependent, as increase in time of extraction results into increase in yieldwhere the least time of 4hrs yielded an average of 4.00 % and 8hrs yielded an average of 13.06 % for hexane. While the use of ethanol at 4hr and 8hrs only yielded 1.99 % and 8.22 %.Thus the use of hexane achieved the maximum yield (13.06 %) of oil extracted. The effects of time and extraction solvent on the yield of oil was investigated by using a 22 factorial design and, result shows that factor ‘A’ which is time, produces the greatest effect (7.665) in the yield of mango than factors ‘B’ (3.335) being solvent and ‘AB’(1.335) being interaction between solvent and time. The effect of the extraction solvent on the physicochemical properties was also investigated where theoil extracted with hexane was found to possess better overall quality than the ethanol extracts, asits acid value, saponification value, ester value, refractive index and specific gravity were 5.61mgKOH/gOil, 207 mgKOH/gOil, 201.39mgKOH/gOil, 1.443 and 0.909, respectively as against 30.30mgKOH/gOil, 205 mgKOH/gOil, 174.70mgKOH/gOil and 0.909, respectively of ethanol. The results didn’t only show that hexane gives a higher yield of oil than ethanol but also revealed that hexane is a much better solvent for the extraction of mango seed oil.

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