Cutaneous innervation before and after one treatment period of acupuncture

SummaryIn 32 patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, Bmax measures of 5-HT binding in platelets did not differ from normal controls at baseline. Plasmatic cortisol levels were significantly higher than controls in the morning and in the evening measures as well as in post-dexamethasone assays. Following an 8-week treatment period with alprazolam plus behavioral guidance encouraging exposure, Bmax values did not alter but cortisol measures diminished significantly. Measures of phobic avoidance were negatively correlated with 5-HT Bmax values. Plasmatic cortisol correlated positively with the number of situational panic attacks in the month before treatment. There were no correlations between cortisol and 5-HT Bmax measures. A possible link between serotonin function and phobic avoidance is discussed. Cortisol changes were interpreted as being related to the global severity of the anxious state.

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Treatment of Rhinitis Medicamentosa

American Journal of Rhinology ◽

10.2500/105065896782159639 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 323-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mats Bende

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Airway Resistance ◽

Nasal Airway ◽

Nasal Decongestants ◽

Sustained Use ◽

Before And After ◽

Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Eleven patients with rhinitis medicamentosa were treated with twice the recommended dose of a topical nasal corticosteroid for 2 months. Nasal airway resistance (NAR) was measured at rest and after a physical exercise test, before and after the treatment period. NAR at rest was reduced after the treatment because of diminished blood volume in the nasal mucosa. Treatment with topical corticosteroids for short periods may help patients with rhinitis medicamentosa to refrain from using nasal decongestants. Topical nasal decongestants are not recommended for sustained use.

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Removal of selected pesticides, alkylphenols, hormones and bisphenol A from domestic wastewater by electrooxidation process

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2021.635 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gamze Dalgıç Bozyiğit ◽

Merve Fırat Ayyıldız ◽

Dotse Selali Chormey ◽

Nouha Bakaraki Turan ◽

Fatih Kapukıran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Health Concern ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Batch Type ◽

Before And After ◽

Obsolete Pesticides ◽

Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction

Abstract In this study, seven compounds of environmental and health concern were treated by electrooxidation to determine their removal efficiencies from domestic wastewater. A batch type lab-scale reactor was used for the treatment process, and the analytes studied included two obsolete pesticides, two alkylphenols, two hormones, and bisphenol A. Titanium oxide and graphite electrodes were used as anode and cathode, respectively. Parameters of the electrooxidation process including pH of wastewater, ionic strength, applied current and treatment period were optimized by the univariate approach to maximize the removal efficiency of the analytes from wastewater. The optimum conditions were determined as nonadjusted pH of wastewater, 1.5 A current, 15 min treatment period and 5.0 g/L sodium chloride. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was used to preconcentrate analytes before and after treatment in order to calculate the removal efficiency of analytes. The removal efficiency obtained under the optimum conditions was satisfactory for all seven analytes at different influent concentrations.

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The Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy Treatment for Fear of Flying: A Retrospective Study

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641393 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Amihai Gottlieb ◽

Glen M. Doniger ◽

Yara Hussein ◽

Shlomo Noy ◽

Meir Plotnik

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Large Scale ◽

Exposure Therapy ◽

Fear Of Flying ◽

Efficacy Outcome ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment

Background: Fear of flying (FoF) is a phobia with 10–40% prevalence in the industrialized world. FoF is accompanied by severe economic, social, vocational, and emotional consequences. In recent years, virtual reality (VR)-based exposure therapy (VRET) for FoF has been introduced. Positive long-term efficacy of FoF-VRET has been reported by several studies, which, however, were limited by relatively small, non-representative samples and a lack of comparative pre/post functional efficacy outcome measures. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a VRET treatment utilizing a large-scale VR system, experienced by a representative sample of self-referred individuals.Methods: We conducted a retrospective survey. Of 274 individuals who received the treatment (over a period of 3 years), 209 met inclusion/criteria, and 98 agreed to participate. We mainly collected information regarding flight activity before and after treatment relying on evidence such as boarding passes and flight tickets. The primary outcome measures were (1) number of flights per month (FpM) and (2) number of flight hours per month (FHpM). For each participant, these outcomes were computed for the post-treatment period (≥6 months after FoF-VRET) and the corresponding pre-treatment period.Results: FpM (mean ± SD) increased from 0.04 ± 0.06 to 0.16 ± 14 flights (p < 0.0001). FHpM rose from 0.19 ± 0.35 to 0.79 ± 0.87 h per month (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: These results are indicative of FoF-VRET treatment efficacy. Future studies should evaluate long-term maintenance of the treatment effect and thus identify the optimal frequency for delivery of periodic booster treatments.

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PSI-23 Injectable Trace minerals (selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese) on milk yield performance after an aflatoxin challenge in multiparous Holstein cows

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.422 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 240-240

Author(s):

Juliette Nye

Keyword(s):

Treatment Period ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Period 2 ◽

Before And After ◽

True Protein

Abstract The project involved a randomized complete block design study assessing the effect of a commercially available mineral supplement on Holstein cow milk production after a mycotoxin challenge using Aflatoxin B1. 63 multiparous Holstein cows were used in the study, housed in tie stall barns, with 21 cows per period in each of three, 63 day periods. Milk yield was taken three times daily over the experimental period, and the total amount of milk produced over the experimental time period was assessed both before and after the Aflatoxin challenge. Composite milk samples from 2 days in the last week were analyzed for contents of fat, true protein, urea nitrogen content, lactose, total solids, and somatic cell count. The decreased number of positive SNAP tests in Treatment Period 3 (12.19 average positive SNAP tests) with the use of a mineral supplement after the aflatoxin challenge in comparison to Treatment Period 2 (12.95 average positive SNAP tests) in which there was no mineral supplement used, it can be concluded that the use of a mineral supplement is effective at reducing Aflatoxin content in milk yield.

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Changes in cardiopulmonary reserves associated with neoadjuvant therapy in patients with esophageal cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15589 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e15589-e15589

Author(s):

W. L. Hofstetter ◽

C. E. Hightower ◽

G. S. Morris ◽

X. G. Sun ◽

B. J. Riedel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Exercise Testing ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Physiological Data ◽

Peak Exercise ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Before And After

e15589 Background: Recent treatment trends for resectable esophageal cancer have moved toward the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This additional therapy, however, places these patients at increased risk for loss of physiologic/functional capacity. If present, such declines can delay resection of the primary tumor until the patient has physiologically recovered from this insult. To determine whether physiological reserves decline, peak exercise performance was assessed before and after completing neoadjuvant therapy Methods: In this prospective study seventeen male patients (60.5 + 7.1 years) with esophageal cancers underwent a symptom limited, standard ramp bicycle ergometer cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) before and after completing neoadjuvant therapy. The exercise protocol sequentially entailed 3 minutes of quiet resting, 3 minutes of unloaded cycling, ramp protocol to peak exercise tolerance, and 3 minutes of recovery. Ramp rates (5–25 watts/.min) were individually chosen to achieve test durations of 8–12 minutes. Expired gases were measured for volume and gas fractions via breath-by-breath analysis (Medical Graphics CardiO2/CP system). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Physiological data were analyzed by paired t-tests (α=0.05). Data are presented as mean + standard deviation. Results: Pre treatment exercise testing occurred immediately before onset of treatment. Post treatment exercise testing typically occurred 45 + 17 days after neoadjuvant ended and 11 + 10 days before surgery. Peak exercise capacity (VO2peak) and anaerobic threshold declined 11.9 % and 10.5 % respectively (p < 0.01) over the neoadjuvant therapy treatment period. Both oxygen pulse (VO2/HR) and pulse pressure product (HR X SP) at VO2peak also significantly declined (p< 0.01) over the treatment period. Conclusions: These results suggest 1) both systemic and peripheral changes contribute to an overall physiological and functional decline in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy and 2) efforts aimed at preserving optimal physiological/functional capacity may be warranted during this period. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Rational Behavior Training Effectiveness for White and Nonwhite Incarcerated Felons

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/00332941930733pt148 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (3_part_1) ◽

pp. 1056-1058

Author(s):

Jeannette F. Sanders ◽

Robert A. Orling ◽

Ric Brown ◽

Beryl Davis

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Outcome Study ◽

Rational Behavior ◽

Correctional Institution ◽

Gain Scores ◽

Medium Security ◽

Before And After ◽

Group Facilitators

45 incarcerated male felons in a medium-security state correctional institution participated in a Rational Behavior Training treatment outcome study. 58% of the subjects were white, 18% were African-American, 17% were Hispanic, and 7% were classified as other. Subjects were selected from an institutional group-therapy waiting list and randomly assigned to one of four group facilitators. The Novaco Provocation Inventory, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, and Rational Behavior Training Concepts Test were administered before and after the 10-wk. treatment period. No differences in gain scores (pretest minust posttest) were observed although the slightly greater improvement on the concepts test by subjects of ethnic minority encourages further study.

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Changes in Nutritional Status in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Longitudinal Changes in BMI According to Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear Positivity

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9124082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 4082

Author(s):

Yousang Ko ◽

Changwhan Kim ◽

Yong Bum Park ◽

Eun-Kyung Mo ◽

Jin-Wook Moon

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Negative Group ◽

Positive Group ◽

Longitudinal Changes ◽

Before And After ◽

Smear Negative ◽

Almost All

Malnutrition is closely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, changes before and after treatment remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in nutritional status from treatment to follow-up of TB in 215 PTB cases in South Korea. First, we evaluated the trend in body mass index (BMI) from the time of diagnosis to a 2-year follow-up. Second, we compared the BMIs of our cases with 5694 controls who participated in a Korean national survey after treatment. During the treatment period, the BMI of the smear-positive group (n = 72) significantly increased compared with that of the smear-negative group (n = 143) (+1.9 kg/m2 vs. +0.4 kg/m2, p = 0.001). Almost all the changes occurred in the early phase, with unremarkable differences in the rest of the treatment period and up to the 2-year follow-up period. When compared with controls, the smear-positive PTB group also had a lower BMI than the smear-negative PTB group, which, however, was lower than that of the general population, though all the participants regained their BMIs during treatment. These results clarify the nutritional aspects of PTB and enable better strategies to support patients with PTB.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF AMINOPHENYLBUTIRIC ACID IN THE TRATMENT OF POST-STROKE FATIGUE

PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Pulse ◽

10.21802/2304-7437-2019-5(57)-119-127 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 119-127

Author(s):

I. I. Delva

Keyword(s):

Treatment Period ◽

The Other ◽

Cerebrovascular Event ◽

Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Nootropic Drug ◽

Acid Intake ◽

Other Hand ◽

Before And After ◽

Pharmacological Correction

Up to now, a few studies were devoted to pharmacological correction of post-stroke fatigue (PSF) with rather disappointing results. PSF etiopathogenetic features in some extent depend on the time of PSF occurrence after acute cerebrovascular event (ACE). On this basis, it can be assumed that PSF management should be based on the time of PSF onset. Aim: to assess effectiveness of psychostimulant and nootropic drug – aminophenylbutiric acid in the treatment of PSF. Material and methods. The study included 29 patients who had global fatigue according to global fatigue subscale of multidimensional fatigue inventory-20 scale. 14 patients had persistent PSF (when PSF was firstly diagnosed within 1 month after ACE and was still present at 3 months after ACE), 15 patients had late PSF (when PSF was firstly diagnosed at 3 months after ACE or later). Aminophenylbutiric acid was taken orally 250 mg three times a day for 6 weeks. Rates and intensities of global PSF as well as rates and intensities of certain PSF aspects (physical, mental, motivational, activity-related) were evaluated and compared before and after 6 weeks treatment period. Results and discussion. In the cases of persistent PSF there were no significant changes in rate and severity of global PSF as well as no significant changes in rate and severity of all PSF components. On the other hand, 6 weeks aminophenylbutiric acid intake was associated with some statistically significant changes in characteristics of late PSF: decreasing of global PSF rate (from 100% to 64%), reduction of global PSF intensity (from 13,0 (12,3-14,8) to 12,0 (12,0-12,0)), reduction of mental PSF intensity (from 14,0 (13,0-14,0) to 12,0 (12,0-12,0)) and reduction of motivational PSF intensity (from 14,0 (13,5-16,5) to 12,0 (12,0-12,0)). Conclusions. 1. In cases of PSF onset at 3 months after ACE or later, aminophenylbutiric acid use for 6 weeks was associated with significant decreasing of global PSF rate, significant reduction of global, mental and motivational PSF intensities. 2. In cases of PSF onset within the first month after ACE, aminophenylbutiric acid use for 6 weeks was not associated with any PSF characteristics.

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