Self-Concept of Single Women

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn L. Gigy
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Never Married ◽  
A Value ◽  
Attitudes Toward Marriage ◽  
Household Activities

Written questionnaires including a 70–item adjective checklist, a value sort, the “Who Am I?” Twenty Statements Test, measures of morale, and questions about attitudes toward marriage and demographic characteristics were administered to samples of 66 childless, never-married women and 37 currently married women, 29 of whom had children. The purpose was to explore the differences and similarities in the self-concepts of single and married women. There was little difference in morale between the groups. Single women had more psychiatric symptoms characteristic of the obsessive-compulsive personality type. Although the single women valued personal growth and achievement, the married women valued personal relationships. Single women were higher on assertion and poise clusters of adjectives. On the “Who Am I ?” test, the married women were more likely to identify with ascribed characteristics, kinship roles, and household activities, whereas the single women identified as self-determined.

The Association between Marital Status and Psychological Well-being: Variation across Negative and Positive Dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2179-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze-Li Hsu ◽  
Anne E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Negative Dimension ◽  
Environmental Mastery ◽  
Better Than

Marital status is associated with psychological well-being, with the married faring better than the formerly and never-married. However, this conclusion derives from research focusing more on negative than positive well-being. We examine the association between marital status and negative well-being, measured as depressive symptoms, and positive well-being, measured as autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, self-acceptance, and purpose in life. Using Wave 2 of Midlife in the United States (2004–2006; n = 1,711), we find that the continuously married fare better on the negative dimension than do the formerly married. The results for some measures of positive well-being also reveal an advantage for the continuously married, compared with the formerly and the never-married. However, results for other positive measures indicate that the unmarried, and the remarried, fare better—not worse—than the continuously married. Further, some results suggest greater benefits for remarried or never-married women than men.

scholarly journals Living with singleness: needs and concerns of never-married women over 35

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Pourasad Shahrak ◽  
Serge Brand ◽  
Ziba Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background Cultural and religious norms and expectations may influence the needs and behavior of single women. This is particularly true in those countries where religion and cultural expectations are salient in everyday life. In this context, the present study investigated the needs and concerns of Iranian never-married women aged 35 and older. Methods This qualitative study involved a conventional content analysis. Interviews were done with 23 never-married women aged 36–64 years in Iran. Results A total of 773 codes, 22 subcategories, 8 categories, and 3 themes were extracted from the interviews. The 3 themes were: (1) mental-spiritual lack; categories were lack of emotional support, uncertain future, mental rumination, and sexual worries; (2) reform of culture and society; categories were an adverse effect of culture and being overlooked in society; (3) loneliness arising from disability; categories were aging and loneliness and sickness and loneliness. Conclusions The results of the analysis indicate that the needs and concerns of never-married women over the age of 35 years in Iran remain unmet. This suggests that policymakers and health planners should take into consideration the growing number of never-married women as a societal reality deserving of attention.

scholarly journals Living with singleness: needs and concerns of never-married women over 35

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Pourasad Shahrak ◽  
Serge Brand ◽  
Ziba Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Health Planner

Abstract Background: Cultural and religious norms and expectations may influence the needs and behavior of single women. This is particularly true in those countries where religion and cultural expectations are salient in everyday life. In this context, the present study investigated the needs and concerns of Iranian never-married women aged 35 and older.Methods: This qualitative study involved a conventional content analysis. Interviews were done with 23 never-married women aged 36-64 years in Iran.Results: A total of 773 codes, 22 subcategories, 8 categories, and 3 themes were extracted from the interviews. The 3 themes were: 1. mental-spiritual lack; categories were lack of emotional support, uncertain future, mental rumination, and sexual worries; 2. reform of culture and society; categories were adverse effect of culture and being overlooked in society; 3. loneliness arising from disability; categories were aging and loneliness and sickness and loneliness.Conclusions: The results of the analysis indicate that the needs and concerns of never-married women over the age of 35 years in Iran remain unmet. This suggests that policymakers and health planner should take into consideration the growing number of never-married women as a societal reality deserving of attention.

Spiritual Counseling Program For Single Women In Late-Life Heterosexual Romantic Relationships Across Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Samta P. Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Spiritual Counseling ◽  
Us Cities

This article reports on a 2-year multi-city study on the effectiveness of a spiritual counseling program (SCP) in enhancing relationship satisfaction and reducing adjustment anxieties among single women in late-life heterosexual romantic relationships. Spiritual counseling program efficacy was greater for participants from European and US cities, Christians, elite, widowed or never married, women who participated in eight to 10 SCP rounds, and those who regularly self-practiced. The SCP is an effective intervention for the sustenance and maintenance of single women’s late-life relationships.

scholarly journals Relationships among the Degree of Participation in Physical Activity, Self-Concept Clarity, and COVID-19 Stress in Adolescents

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Dae-Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
School Students ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
State And Local

The COVID-19 pandemic situation threatens the health of people globally, especially adolescents facing mental problems such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder due to constant COVID-19 stress. The present study aimed to provide basic data highlighting the need to alleviate COVID-19 stress among adolescents by promoting physical activity participation and strengthening self-concept clarity (SCC). To examine the relationships among participation in physical activity, SCC, and COVID-19 stress in pandemic-like conditions, the study was conducted on middle and high school students aged 14 to 19 and an online survey was conducted on 1046 Korean adolescents (521 male and 525 female students in the preliminary survey and main survey). Frequency, reliability, confirmatory factor, descriptive, and path analyses were performed using SPSS and AMOS 18.0. Participation in physical activity exerted a positive effect on SCC (p < 0.001) as well as a negative effect on COVID-19 stress (p = 0.031). Our findings also indicated that SCC exerted a negative effect on COVID-19 stress (p < 0.001). Regular participation in physical activity and strong SCC are also fundamental elements for alleviating COVID-19 stress. Given these results, state and local governments and educational institutions should encourage youth to participate in sports by suggesting policies, providing guidelines, and offering education. Such information may allow adolescents to endure and overcome COVID-19 stress during this critical period of life.

scholarly journals Obsessive–compulsive symptoms and information seeking during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa M. Loosen ◽  
Vasilisa Skvortsova ◽  
Tobias U. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Pandemic Wave

AbstractIncreased mental-health symptoms as a reaction to stressful life events, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, are common. Critically, successful adaptation helps to reduce such symptoms to baseline, preventing long-term psychiatric disorders. It is thus important to understand whether and which psychiatric symptoms show transient elevations, and which persist long-term and become chronically heightened. At particular risk for the latter trajectory are symptom dimensions directly affected by the pandemic, such as obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms. In this longitudinal large-scale study (N = 406), we assessed how OC, anxiety and depression symptoms changed throughout the first pandemic wave in a sample of the general UK public. We further examined how these symptoms affected pandemic-related information seeking and adherence to governmental guidelines. We show that scores in all psychiatric domains were initially elevated, but showed distinct longitudinal change patterns. Depression scores decreased, and anxiety plateaued during the first pandemic wave, while OC symptoms further increased, even after the ease of Covid-19 restrictions. These OC symptoms were directly linked to Covid-related information seeking, which gave rise to higher adherence to government guidelines. This increase of OC symptoms in this non-clinical sample shows that the domain is disproportionately affected by the pandemic. We discuss the long-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on public mental health, which calls for continued close observation of symptom development.

The Prevalence of Comorbid Anxiety in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Cosoff ◽  
R. Julian Hafner
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Clinical Benefits

Objective: The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders in publically treated psychiatric inpatients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder. Method: Using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID), 100 consecutive inpatients with a psychotic disorder were examined for the presence or absence of an anxiety disorder. Questionnaire measures of phobias, obsessive-compulsive and general anxiety symptoms were also applied. Results: The prevalences of social phobia (17%), obsessiv-ompulsive disorder (13%) and generalised anxiety disorder in schizophrenia were relatively high, as were prevalences of obsessive-compulsive (30%) and panic disorder (15%) in bipolar disorder. The proportion of subjects with an anxiety disorder (4345%) was almost identical across the three psychoses, with some evidence of gender differences. Although self-ratings of overall psychiatric symptoms were significantly elevated in those with anxiety disorders, hospital admission rates were not. Conclusions: Almost none of those with anxíeGty disorders were being treated for them, primarily because the severity of the acute psychotic illness required full diagnostic and therapeutic attention. Patients were generally discharged as soon as their psychotic episode was resolved, with little recognition of the presence of an anxiety disorder. Given that anxiety disorders are relatively responsive to treatment, greater awareness of their comorbidity with psychosis should yield worthwhile clinical benefits.

Agoraphobia and Parental Bereavement

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Julian Hafner ◽  
Michael J. Roder
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Parental Bereavement ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Patient Control ◽  
Patient Control Group ◽  
Married Female

The prevalence of parental bereavement was determined in 50 married female outpatients with a DSM-III diagnosis of agoraphobia and in a control group of married female outpatients diagnosed as having non-psychotic psychiatric disorders other than agoraphobia. The two groups were matched for age and overall severity of psychiatric symptoms. Compared with the general population, the patient control group reported a statistically significant excess of parental, but not maternal, bereavement. The agoraphobic group was significantly younger than the control group at the time of parental loss. These data, together with other reports, suggest a contribution of paternal bereavement before the age of 30 years to agoraphobia in married women and a contribution of recent parental bereavement to psychiatric disorder in general.

scholarly journals INADEQUATE PRACTICE RELATED OF THE PAPANICOLAOU TEST AMONG WOMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elainy Fabrícia Galdino Dantas Malta ◽  
Fabiane do Amaral Gubert ◽  
Camila Teixeira Moreira Vasconcelos ◽  
Emília Soares Chaves ◽  
João Marcos Ferreira de Lima Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors related to inadequate practice of the Papanicolaou test among women in northeastern Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study using a KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE inquiry, performed from June to October, 2013, with 240 women aged between 24 and 59 years. Results: inadequacies were observed, particularly in knowledge, because, despite having information about the examination, it was only used to detect sexually transmitted infections. Regarding the issue of practice, it was noted that single women and those up to 29 years of age were more likely to present inadequate practice than the older and married women, increasing the likelihood of developing cervical cancer. The greater difficulty for performing the examination was the lack of materials (68.1%). Conclusion: clarification for women regarding the examination requires effective communication between the users and health professionals, as well as guarantees and support for the continuity of care by managers.

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