scholarly journals Differential Learning as an Important Factor in Training of Football Technical Skills

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ozuak ◽  
Atakan Çağlayan
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Differential Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Football Training ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of differential learning activities on young football players’ skills. Athletes who had played active football for at least 2 years in the youth teams participating in competitions in Amateur Leagues in Istanbul, Turkey took part in the study, as the Experimental Group (EG; n=26, age=12.03±0.44) and Control Group (CG, n=26, age=12.05±0.46). In the study, differential learning exercises integrated into their training programme for a period of 8 weeks, 3 days per week, were applied to the players in the EG immediately following warm-up, while the players in the CG continued with their traditional training programmes. The Illinois Test with Ball (ILL), Creative Speed Test (CST), Ball-Dribbling Test (DT), Ball-Juggling Test (JT) and Passing Test (PT) were carried out with all players participating in the study as a pretest prior to commencement of the programme and as a posttest following the implementation of the programme, and the gathered data were analyzed statistically. The findings obtained revealed that in the within-group pretest and posttest, players in the EG showed a statistically significant improvement in all parameters (p<0.05), while players in the CG showed a statistically significant improvement in ILL, CST, JT and PT (p<0.05). When the differences in development of the groups were compared, a statistically significant difference in the ILL, CST and DT parameters was determined in favor of the players in the EG (p<0.05). Consequently, although regularly-performed classic football training develops skills, it is seen that differential learning exercises integrated into training programmes are more effective for dribbling skills. It is considered that differential learning exercises, in which the non-dominant leg is frequently used, can make it easier for players to apply the necessary skills by allowing them to give more effective responses to the tricky positions encountered in football, and that these exercises can support the development of players’ performances.

scholarly journals Effect of Twenty four week Football Training on Flexibility, Agility and Endurance of Junior School Boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
N. R. Ramkumar
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Football Training ◽  
Criterion Variables

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of twenty four week Football training on flexibility, agility and endurance of Junior School boys. The study was conducted on thirty (N=30) Football players who were randomly selected from various Schools in Tamil Nadu, India during 2017-2018.The age of the subjects were ranged between 14 to 16. The selected players was assigned in to two groups of fifteen each (n=15), Group –I underwent Football training, and Group –II acted as Control. Flexibility, Agility and Endurance were selected as dependent variables. Flexibility was assessed by Sit & Reach test, Agility was assessed by 4×10 m Shuttle Run and Cardio Respiratory Endurance was assessed by Cooper’s 12 Minutes Run/Walk test. The experimental group underwent the training for 24 weeks. All the subjects were tested prior to and immediately after the training period of twenty four weeks for all the selected variables. The data collected data from the three groups prior to and immediately after the training programme on the selected criterion variables were statistically analyzed with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). In all the cases 0.05 level of confidence was fixed to test the hypotheses. Flexibility, Agility and Endurance showed significant difference between the groups. Football training group showed better performance than Control group.

scholarly journals Investigation of Body Composition of Footballers by Bioelectrical Impedance Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Yakup Aktas ◽  
Ismail Gokhan
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Objective: This study aims at examining the body composition of male football players who perform regular football training by Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) method and comparing it with a healthy control group and investigating the effect of regular exercise on body composition.Materials and Methods: A total of 60 people participated in the study, including 30 volunteer male football players performing football trainings regularly from 11 Nisan Football Club playing in Turkey Football Federation Regional Amateur League (BAL) and 30 healthy volunteer control group consisting of male students from Harran University Medical Faculty. Both groups’ ages and body mass indexes are similar to each other.  Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) method was used for Osseosis, skeletal muscle weight (SMM), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), waist hip ratio (WHR), and basal metabolism parameters of the participants. The data obtained were evaluated with SPSS 23.0 statistical package program, and the significance level was evaluated as p < 0.01 and p < 0.05.Findings: There was no statistically significant difference between the values of age, height, weight, intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, protein, mineral, skeletal muscle weight (SMM), body mass index (BMI) and muscle ratios of the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). When the parameters of basal metabolism, Osseosis and skeletal muscle weight of the experimental group were discussed, no significant relationship was detected, although they were high numerically (p > 0.05). It was determined that the body fat percentage (BFP) of the experimental and control groups was correlated at p < 0.01 level and waist-hip ratio was correlated (WHR) at p < 0.05 level, which was statistically significant. As a result, although there was no significant difference between BMI values between the football players and the control group, the fact that the players' lower BMI values and lower waist-hip ratios showed that regular training reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE FIFA 11+ AND HARMOKNEE WARM-UP PROGRAMS ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES ININDIAN ELITE FOOTBALL PLAYERS (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3001-3006
Author(s):  
N Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This study was carried to determine the benefits of fifa 11+ and harmoknee warm-up protocol in indian male football players and conclude the superiority between the two established protocols in accordance with their effects on sprinting, vertical jump, kicking accuracy, and agility. 45 healthy male footballers (mean age 21.44±5.3yrs, height1.76±0.2m&weight 73.19±11.5kgs) participated in the study. The participants were equally divided into group a= fifa 11+, group b = harmoknee, and the control group. The experimental groups (gp a &gp b) underwent training for 6 weeks, and trained for 20 minutes per session on all days except sunday (36 sessions), whereas the control group performed their regular football training. The performance tests carried out were the 20m speed test, vertical jump test, illinois agility test, and wall volley test. The results were analyzed by spss version 17. Within-group pre and post comparisons were done using paired t-test, an inter-group comparison was done using one-way anova followed by multiple comparisons bonferroni. The level of significance for all tests was set at 5% (p=0.05). In the present study, the vertical jump was improved significantly only in gp a (6.75% increase, p=0.001) as compared to gp b (p=0.082) & the control group (p=0.291). While agility improved in both gp.a (7.23% increase, p=0.00) & gp.b (5.43% increase, p=0.001), no significant improvements were observed in the kicking accuracy & sprinting ability in all the 3 groups within group comparison. However, on inter-group comparison, significant differences were observed between group a& b (p=0.009) with gp b demonstrating more kicking accuracy as compared to gp a. 6-weeks training of 11+ warm-up program enhance vertical jump and agility but it does not improve player’s kicking accuracy and sprinting ability and the harmony program improves agility but has no positive effect on sprinting and kicking accuracy in young professional male footballers. 11+ injury prevention programs can be implemented to enhance agility and vertical jump in young male football players.

scholarly journals Efek suplementasi kombinasi zat besi, vitamin C, dan asam folat terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin dan kapasitas VO2 maks pada atlet sepak bola divisi utama dan satu nasional di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin ◽  
Woro Woro ◽  
Mochammad Noerhadi
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Combined Supplementation ◽  
And Control

Background: Excessive endurance exercise of football players may break their blood cells and decrease the level of haemoglobin (Hb). These will influence the aerobic capacity (VO2 max) and make the need for iron (Fe) of an athlete more than that of common people.Objective: To know the influence of Fe, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and  folic  acid  combined supplementation to the increase of VO2 max capacity  of  the  national  main  and  first division  club football players in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Method: The study was RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial) experimental with a completely randomized design plan. The subjects were football players of Perserikatan Sepak Bola Indonesia Mataram (PSIM), Perserikatan Sepak Bola Sleman (PSS), and Perserikatan Sepak Bola Bantul (PERSIBA). They were then divided into two groups: treatment group and control group, each of them consisted of 35 players. Treatment group were given combined supplement capsules of 100 mg Fe, 100 mg vitamin C, and 2 mg folic acid three times a week for eight weeks, while the control group were given the placebo capsules. Before and after supplementation, their Hb and VO2  max were measured. However, the physical exercises were done based on the schedule, programmed by the clubs.Results: Combined supplementation of Fe, vitamin C, and folic acid could increase Hb level significantly (p=0.008), but there was no significant difference of VO2  max capacity between treatment group and control group (p=0.062). However, there was significant correlation between the increase of Hb level and VO  max capacity (r=0.712; p<0.001).Conclusion: Combined supplementation of Fe, vitamin C, and folic acid led to the increase of Hb level of main and first division clubs football players in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, but could not influence their VO2 max capacity.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF ISOKINETIC STRENGTH RATES OF KNEE JOINT (H/Q) IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2248-2253
Author(s):  
Ali Kerim YILMAZ ◽  
Menderes KABADAYI ◽  
M. Hakan MAYDA ◽  
M. Ceyhun BÄ°RÄ°NCÄ°
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Football Player ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study is to examine the isokinetic strength rates of knee joint (H/Q) in football players.30 males (15 football players, 15 controls) were included in the research who were studying in Yaşar Doğu Sports Sciencies faculty of Ondokuz Mayıs University. The position, age and dominant leg information of the subjects were determined by filling in personal information forms given to the subjects. Body mass index measurements were recorded with a Gaia 359 plus body analyzer and H/Q force rates were measured and recorded with a Humac Norm Cybex Brand computer controlled isokinetic dynamometer at angles of 60osn-1, 180osn-1 and 240osn-1. For the statistical analysis of the data used SPSS 22.0 software was used. Independent t-test was applied for the analysis of football player-control group and dominant leg results. In addition, one-way variance analysis and LSD test were used for repeated measures to compare football players according to their positions. Statistical results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p <0.05 significance level.When we look at the descriptive information between the two groups in our study; There was a significant difference between age, body weight and sport ages, but no significant difference was observed in other parameters. When the H/Q power ratios at angular velocities of 60osn-1, 180osn-1 and 240osn-1 were examined, no significant difference was found between the dominant-nondominant force ratios and footballer positions between the two groups.As a result, when H/Q power ratios of footballer and control group are examined; There was no significant difference between the two groups when dominant-nondominant strength ratios and soccer player positions were compared.

scholarly journals The effect of intermittent training with plyometric exercises on aerobic and anaerobic capacities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Benrabah Kheiredine ◽  
Bensassi Radhouane ◽  
Charef Silarbi ◽  
Bennadja Mohamed ◽  
Fayçal Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intermittent Training ◽  
Intermittent Work

This study check the effectiveness of the intermittent work as a key method of work of the quality in the quantity by the layout of a plyometric work. The question always remains to find the training methods scientifically validated which lead to improve these qualities. We put forward the hypothesis that the intermittent training by plyometric exercises will improve the football players, aerobic an anaerobic capacities. Twenty football players aged between 18 and 23 years coming from Tissemsilt university team were invited to participate in our study (table1). Our population was spilt up into 2 groups in a random way. An experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The programme was calibrated on 8 weeks and planned as follow: two weeks of intermittent work 10s/20s, four weeks of intermittent work 30s/30s, two weeks of intermittent work 15s/30s. The frequency of these types of training was 2 sessions/week. The footballers did a physical tests: (SJ; CMJ). The (RSA) test, and the Yo-yo test. The tests were again proposed to the footballers: this allowed us to compare the obtained results between the two tests before and after the training. After eight weeks of training, we recorded a development in the experimental sample in the (MAS), vertical jump (CMJ), and (RSA) tests, while we did not record a significant difference in the vertical jump (SJ) test (p<0.05), As with the control sample, the development was limited to (MAS) and (RSA) only. This study shows the effectiveness of the training programme applied to the experimental sample in the post-tests between the two groups, with the exception of the vertical jump test (SJ), where there was no significant difference.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Core Training Program Applied on Football Players on Some Performance Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Ahmet Atli
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Core Training ◽  
Football Training

In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of a core training program that was applied on football players on some performance parameters. In total, 40 football players, aged between 18 and 24 years old, who regularly trained in football and were from various amateur football teams participated: 20 athletes in the training group and 20 athletes in the control group. It was taken the pre-test measurements of the athletes’ vertical jump, 30-m speed, agility, and flexibility; after the 6-week core training program, which was applied three days a-week, and it was taken the post-test measurements of the athletes. The training group applied the core training in addition to football training for 6-week, whereas the participants in the control group did not apply any training program other than their ongoing football training. It was used the SPSS 22 statistics program to evaluate the data and Shapiro-Wilk test to determine the normality distribution of the data. Owing to the normal distribution of the data, it was used a paired t-test to compare the pre-test and post-test values within the groups and accepted the confidence interval for statistical processes as p < 0.05. It was found a statistically significant difference in the vertical jump pre-test and post-test values of the training group (p < 0.05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in the vertical jump pre-test and post-test values (p > 0.05). It was found a statistically significant difference in the 30-m speed pre-test and post-test values of the training group (p < 0.05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in the 30-m speed pre-test and post-test values (p > 0.05). It was found a statistically significant difference in the agility pre-test and post-test values of the training group (p < 0.05). In the control group, no statistically significant difference was found in the agility pre-test and post-test values (p > 0.05). Considering the in-group flexibility pre-test and post-test comparisons, a statistically significant difference was found in the flexibility pre-test and post-test values of the training group (p < 0.05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in flexibility pre-test and post-test values (p > 0.05). Based on the results of the present research, the 6-week core training program that was applied to football players improved the performance of vertical jump, 30-m speed, agility, and flexibility.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VISION TRAINING AMONG SKILL ABILITY OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Binu A
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Skill Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Test ◽  
University Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The study intended to ƒOnd out the effect of vision training among skill ability of University level male football players. A total of 20 healthy male university level football players were selected for the purpose of study. They were of the age between 18 to 24 years with normal vision. The participants were randomly categorised into two groups: Group I- experimental (n=10), Group IIcontrol (n=10). To assess the skill ability of football players McDonald soccer skill test was conducted as pre-test for both experimental and control groups. Various speciƒOc vision training (Depth perception, Ocular motility, Quick Exposure, Opaque lifesaver card, Dice pursuits, Nearfar chart, Gaze work, Vergennes, Tracking and Focusing) was assigned to the experimental group for a period of eight weeks with training of ƒOve days in a week; whereas the control group did not undergo any treatment. After eight weeks of vision training programme the post-test was conducted for experimental and control group. The collected data on selected criterion variable was statistically analysed by using't' ratio. The result of the present study revealed that there was signiƒOcant improvement in skill ability of experimental group due to vision training. The hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 conƒOdence level. It was concluded that eight weeks of vision training programme helped to improve the skill ability of experimental group. The control group had seen no improvement in skill ability.

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nazli Zainuddin ◽  
Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽  
Rosdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

Enrichment of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet with Malic acid: Effects on skin mucosal immunity, antioxidant defecne and growth performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roghieh Safari ◽  
Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ◽  
Maryam Dadar ◽  
Hien Van Doan
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Treatment Comparison ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe present study investigated possible effects of dietary malic acid on the expression of immunity, antioxidant and growth related genes expression as well as skin mucus immune parameters in common carp. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings were fed diets supplemented with different levels (0 [control], 0.5%, 1%, 2%) of malic acid (MA) for 60 days. The results revealed highest expression levels of immune-related genes (tnf-alpha, il1b, il8 and lyz) in skin of common carp fed 2% MA (P < 0.05). Regarding 1% MA treatment comparison with control group, significant difference was noticed just in case of lyz (P < 0.05). Evaluation of growth related genes expression revealed no significant difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The study of antioxidant related genes (gsta and gpx) in common carp skin fed with MA, showed significant difference between treated groups and control (P < 0.05). Carps fed with 2% MA had highest alkaline phosphatase activity in skin mucus compared other treated groups and control (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between 0.5% and 1% and control (P > 0.05). The study of total protein and total immunoglobulin (Ig) in common carp skin musus revealed no alteration following MA treatment (P > 0.05). The present data demonstrated that feeding with MA altered immune and antioxidant genes expression in skin mucus of common carp.

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