Some compositional and health indicators of milk quality of dairy cows with higher milk yield at including of selected corn species into feeding ration

Because of economical reasons the substitution of maize by feed corn as wheat (Sulamit) and triticale (Kitaro) was revolved in concentrate part of dairy cow feeding rations. The design of mentioned replacement in feeding rations was carried out according to results of previous research (Pozdíšek and Vaculová, 2008) for nutrition experiment. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the possible effects of corn replacement in cow feeding rations on milk composition and properties. The expressively different variants of corn were selected for experiment in comparison to maize (reference). Dairy cows were fed by total mixed ration on the basis of maize and clover silage and hay. Otherwise the identical day feeding rations among cow groups differed only in concentrate portions ((K, control group) maize 1.5 kg, wheat (P1) 2.0 kg and triticale (P2) 2.0 kg (experimental groups)). Group feeding rations 1 (K), 2 (P1) and 3 (P2) had: NEL/kg dry (DM) matter (6.524, 6.512 and 6.491); NL % in DM (17.9, 18.2 and 17.9); fibre % in DM (15.96, 15.74 and 15.72); PDIN/PDIE (1.189, 1.189 and 1.191). The experiment took six weeks, there were included 8, 9 and 9 cows (n = 26) of Czech Fleckvieh breed. Feed groups were well balanced in terms of milk yield, days in milk and number of lactation. The tie stable and pipeline milking equipment were used in experiment. Animals were milked twice a day and sampled at morning milking in intervals about seven days approximately. Cows were relatively healthy in terms of occurrence of milk secretion disorders. Within groups the individual milk samples (in total 182 in experiment) were aggregated into bulk samples (n = 21 = 3 groups × 7 sampling periods), which were analysed on 45 milk indicators, 18 of them were evaluated in this paper. The differences in milk yield were significantly advantageous for K group (15.32 > 14.07 (wheat) or 13.86 kg (triticale) at morning milking), while fat (3.27 < 3.47 or 3.44 %) was lower (P < 0.05). Lactose was not influenced. More important differences were in total dry matter, 12.09 (K) < 12.23 (P1) or 12.40 % (P2). While for wheat was not for triticale was similar effect observed in crude protein (CP) of milk (3.08 (K) or 3.05 (P1) < 3.23 % (P2)). Similar trend was also confirmed in casein (CAS; 2.43 or 2.44 < 2.55 %; from P < 0.05 to P < 0.001 for CP and CAS). There were insignificant differences between groups for casein number, pH acidity, electrical conductivity, Mg and Cu (P > 0.05). Milk specific weight was lowest in P1 (P < 0.01), but this indicator is practically less important. More expressive differences were in somatic cell count (SCC) in geometric mean 249 (P2) > 76 (K) or 72 103/ml (P1). Because of quite typical high SCC variability in triticale P2 group (in opposite to this low variability in K and P1 groups) it could be caused by chance in animal selection for groups and all values met the standard demand for extra quality of milk. Therefore, it is not necessary to over estimate this result. Milk urea as metabolical indicator was higher in wheat group, significantly (P < 0.05) versus triticale group (23.39 (P1) > 20.80 (K) and 20.50 mg / 100ml (P2), but all values lay in respected physiological range (from 20 to 30 mg / 100ml). In the Ca case it was significantly higher (P < 0.05 versus wheat) in triticale milk group by 5.7 and 4.0 % (1306 (P2) > 1231 (K) or 1253 (P1) mg / kg). This increase could be interested in terms of milk nutritive value, but not for routine milk payment. The levels of P and Fe in milk were higher in K versus experimental groups (P < 0.05). It is less interesting in terms of economy or nutrition. In general milk was a little different according to differences in corn portions of cow feeding rations and corn variant replacement. In terms of experiment the concrete corn replacement in concentrate portion of feeding ration could not have an essential impact on milk quality and it si possible to agree with such conception. However, the milk quality and yield were not overcome by replacement of maize by wheat (Sulamit) or triticale (Kitaro). At triticale the lower milk yield was compensated by higher levels of DM, fat, CP, CAS, Ca and also SCC as compared to maize and wheat. The used corn replacement variants were not expressively worse than maize.

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Effect of feeding extruded flaxseed on milk quality of dairy cows

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1103329b ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 329-334

Author(s):

G. Biagi ◽

M. Fustini ◽

G. Canestrari ◽

A. Palmonari ◽

N. Panciroli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Vaccenic Acid ◽

Milk Quality ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Effect Of Feeding

Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding dairy cows with extruded flaxseed (EF) on milk quality. After a 7-d adaptation period, 40 Holstein dairy cows in midlactation were divided in two experimental groups, based on parity, milk yield and composition, and days in milk. Animals were fed for 28 d a standard total mixed ration containing or not (control) 1.8 kg/cow/d of a supplement based on extruded flaxseed (EF). Milk yield was recorded daily and individual milk samples were collected weekly for analysis. Milk yield was not affected by treatment and averaged 26.2 kg/d throughout the study. Feeding EF reduced milk fat (3.95 vs. 4.24%; P=0.053) and tended to reduce milk protein (3.32 vs. 3.50%; P=0.104). The milk from cows fed EF contained more (P<0.01) stearic (12.0 vs. 7.8 mg/100 mg of fat), oleic (21.2 vs. 18.0 mg/100 mg of fat), ?-linolenic (0.85 vs. 0.41 mg/100 mg of fat) and vaccenic (1.43 vs. 0.62 mg/100 mg of fat) acids than control and also more c9,t11 CLA (0.91 vs. 0.59 mg/100 mg of fat). Conversely, compared with control, feeding EF reduced milk concentrations of palmitic acid (26.5 vs. 33.4 mg/100 mg of fat; P<0.01). The present results show that feeding EF to dairy cows is an efficient strategy to enrich milk in beneficial fatty acids such as vaccenic acid, CLA and omega-3 fatty acids. Nevertheless, the milk fat reducing effect of flaxseed as well as other sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids should be taken into account.

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Evaluation of milk quality from dairy cows fed maize (Zea mays) stover treated with chopped and mineralized groundnut (Arachis hypogea) and soybean (Glycine max) stover

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2022.13.1.0222 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 102-114

Author(s):

Chisowa DM ◽

Mpofu, I DT ◽

Daura MT ◽

Syampaku EM

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Milk Quality ◽

Arachis Hypogea ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Density Values ◽

Feeding Trials

This study evaluated the effect of upgrading the quality of maize stover (MS) on milk nutritive value. The study involved feeding MS improved using urea (U), chopped groundnut stover (cGS), chopped soybean stover (cSS), mineralized groundnut stover solution (mGS) and mineralized soybean stover solution (mSS) to lactating dairy cows. The feeding trial involved twelve (12) dairy cows in their second parity. Effect of supplementation with MS improved with U, cGS, cSS, mGS and mSS on milk quality was evaluated following on-station feeding trials. The study involved 22 factorial experiments within a Completely Randomised Design (CRD). Milk samples were analysed for protein, lactose, fat and solid not fat (SNF). Mean milk protein levels ranged from 3.52mg/ml to 3,73mg/ml (s.e=0.03) for milk from cows fed on MS improved using cGS and mGS respectively. Protein and Lactose were observed to be the least variable (3.64g/ml ±0.12, and 5.24g ±0.24 respectively). Average milk fat content was highest (4.78%, se=0.52) in milk from cows fed on UET treated MS and lowest (3.43%, se=0.52) in milk from cows fed on gGS protein based MS. Within legume type milk fat was higher(4.75%±1.99) in milk from cows fed on MS blended with mGS than that in milk from cows fed on MS improved with cGS (3.43%±1.99). Similar result was observed in milk fat from cows fed on MS improved with the use of soybean. Lactose in milk from cows fed on UET treated MS was highest (5.51g, se=0.061) and lowest (5.10g, se=0.061) in milk from cows fed on MS blended with cGS. Milk from cows fed on MS improved with mGS was higher (9.61p/cwt, se=0.14) in SNF and lowest (8.88p/cwt, se=0.14) in milk from cows fed on MS with cGS. The milk density values ranged from 32.65sg, se=0.53 for milk from cows fed on UET treated MS to 30.42sg, se=0.053 for milk from cows fed on MS blended with cGS. Milk components were higher when cows were fed on MS improved using mineralized legume stover solutions.

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Nutritive value for lactating dairy cows of the pressed herbage remaining after the partial extraction of leaf juice

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9810376 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 21 (111) ◽

pp. 376 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

CR Stockdale ◽

KR King ◽

DR McKenzie

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Significant Loss ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Partial Extraction

A series of six experiments compared the production of lactating dairy cows eating either fresh herbage or the pressed herbage remaining after the partial extraction of juice. Irrigated perennial pasture and irrigated lucerne (Medicago sativa) were used in different experiments. With forage-harvested pasture, extraction removed an average of 42.1 g of protein per kg dry matter (DM) of pasture processed. An average of 85% of the DM of the original fresh pasture was left as pressed pasture. The process lowered the in vitro digestibility, total nitrogen, and cell contents of the herbage, and raised the cell wall constituents. It also reduced herbage phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sodium, but increased herbage calcium slightly. The milk yield of cows fed an equivalent DM intake of pressed residue was, on average, 6% lower than the milk yield of cows fed fresh pasture. The responses shown by the milk constituents were inconsistent. With lucerne, extraction removed an average of 95.9 g of protein from each kg of fresh herbage and an average of 74% of the lucerne was left as pressed lucerne. This reduced the quality of the pressed residue as determined by in vitro digestibility (5%), Kjeldahl nitrogen (19%) and neutral detergent fibre (27%). However, there was no significant loss of production for cows on the pressed herbage, although there were small differences. It is concluded that lucerne would appear to have the greater potential for a leaf protein extraction industry in the irrigated areas of the Goulburn Valley of Victoria.

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Effects of different amounts of crude glycerol supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu grass pasture

Scientia Agropecuaria ◽

10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 491-497

Author(s):

Diana Marcela Valencia E ◽

Luis Alfonso Giraldo ◽

Alejandra Marin ◽

Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo ◽

Telma Teresinha Berchielli

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Crude Glycerol ◽

Milk Quality ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Kikuyu Grass

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Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture on Ruminal Fermentation, Blood Metabolism, and Performance of High-Yield Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2401

Author(s):

Xiaoge Sun ◽

Yue Wang ◽

Erdan Wang ◽

Shu Zhang ◽

Qianqian Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Fat Content ◽

High Yield ◽

Control Group ◽

And Performance ◽

Basal Ration

High-yield dairy cows with high-concentrate diets are more prone to experiencing health problems associated with rumen microbial imbalance. This study assessed the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (SC), a food supplement, on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), inflammatory cytokines, and performance of high-yield dairy cows. Forty Holstein cows with similar characteristics (e.g., milk yield, days of milk, and parity) were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group fed the basal ration supplemented with the SC of 100 g of SC per cow per day (hour, SC group), and a control group fed the same basal ration diet without SC (i.e., CON group). On average, the supplementation of SC started at 73 days of lactation. The experimental period lasted approximately 70 days (from 18 January to 27 March 2020), including 10 days for dietary adaptation. Milk yield was recorded daily. Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected after 2 h of feeding in the morning of day 0, 15, 30, and 60. The data showed that rumen pH increased (p < 0.05) when cows were provided with SC. On average, the cows in the SC group produced 1.36 kg (p < 0.05) more milk per day than those in the CON group. Milk fat content of cows in the SC group was also higher (4.11% vs. 3.96%) (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows in the SC group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). There were no differences (p > 0.05) found in milk protein content and propionic acid between groups. The SC group had a tendency increase in butyric acid (p = 0.062) and total VFA (p = 0.058). The result showed that SC supplementation also enhanced the ratio between acetic and propionic. Most of the mean inflammatory cytokine (IL-2, IL-6, γ-IFN, and TNF-α) concentrations (p < 0.05) of the SC group were lower than CON group. This study demonstrated that high-yield cows receiving supplemental SC could produce more milk with higher fat content, have higher rumen acetate, and potentially less inflammatory cytokines.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Ransum dengan Kualitas Berbeda Terhadap Profil Darah, Produksi Susu dan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Sapi Perah

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v6i1.4940 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aqni Hanifa

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Hb Concentration

<div class="Section1">An experiment was conducted to study blood profile, milk yield and liveweight gain of dairy cows as affected by dietary different quality of diets. The experiment used 15 lactating PFH were assigned into three treatments of diets and</div> five replication, three treatments of diets were : 1) T1 (CP 12% dan TDN 65%); 2) T2 (CP 14% dan TDN 70%) dan 3) T3 (CP 16% dan TDN 75%).The results of this experiment showed that the average of dry matter (DM) intake on Tl, T2 and T3 treatments were 8,59; 10,03 and 10,94 kg/d, respectively (P<0,01). The average of crude protein intake (CP) on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 1,06; 1,44 and 1,71 kg/d (P<0,01), also the average of TDN intake on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 5,52; 6,86 and 8,02 kg/d (P<0,01). The average of Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 10,21: 11,18 and 10,44 g/dl (P>0,05), also the average of eritrosit value on TI, T2 and T3 treatments were 3,37; 3,73 and 3,48 million/mm3;, respectively (P>0,05). The average of milk yield on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 8,12; 11,29 and 13,42 l/d (P<0,05). The average of liveweight gain on TI, T2 and T3 treatments were 81,66; 117,71 and 320,00 g/d (P>0,05). The conclusions of this research was the highest level of CP and "1'DN in diets (CP 16% and TDN 75%) showed that feed intake (DM, CP and TDN) and milk yield gave the best than other treatments. Different dietary quality of diets altered significant on feed intake (DM, CP and TDN) and milk yield, but the treatments did not affect on liveweight gain, Fib and eritrosit concentration. Key words : diets quality, feed intake, blood profile, milk yield, liveweight gain, dairy cows

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Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Addition in Dairy Cows Diets

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Animal Science and Biotechnologies ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2020.0022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Marinela ENCULESCU

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Health Status ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Control Group ◽

Free Access ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in the dairy cows’ diets on productive performances and health status. The study was carried out in the experimental farm of the Research and Development Institute for Bovine Balotești on 50 multiparous Romanian Black and Spotted dairy cows, randomly divided into two groups (N = 25 heads/group), according to age, milk yield, body weight and health status. The experimental group received 80 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae/head/day for one year. The groups were fed with the same diet and had free access to water and salt. Results were expressed as a mean (±Standard Deviation). The t-test was applied to obtain the significance of difference. Supplementation of the diet with Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a significant effect (P <0.001) on milk yield (20.71±1.65 l/head/day) for the experimental group comparing with the control group (18.22±1.81 l/head/day), and on milk protein and lactose (P <0.05). The addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in dairy cows’ diet did not improve the milk fat, hematological and biochemical/urine indicators in the experimental group (P >0.05). However, for alkaline phosphatase, differences at the end of the study have been observed (P <0.01). The beneficial effect of the yeast and yeast products in ruminants could be attributed to microbial activity by increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the rumen of the animals. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an alternative source of economic protein, vitamins and minerals in dairy cows’ diet represents an effective measure to optimize animal productivity.

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Non-structural carbohydrates in the nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows during a transition period

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/873-cjas ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 468-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Poláková ◽

V. Kudrna ◽

A. Kodeš ◽

B. Hučko ◽

Z. Mudřík

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Body Condition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Maize Starch ◽

Milk Performance

The main aim of this study was to investigate experimentally the effect of different composition of non-structural carbohydrates (NFC) in prepartum feed rations administered to high-yielding dairy cows at a high concentration of NFC in the diet on dry matter intake both before and after parturition and on subsequent milk performance, body condition and physiological traits of rumen fluid and blood. Thirty-six high-yielding dairy cows were allocated into one of the three well-balanced groups (K, O, and C), and each group received a different feeding rations. Feeding rations differed in non-structural carbohydrate (NFC) structure. The "K" (control) group received a feeding ration with NFC in the form of maize starch in particular, while the feeding rations of the other two (experimental) groups contained either (besides maize starch) saccharose from dried sugar beet (the "O" group) or a dominant amount of NFC was in the form of saccharose (the "C" group). After calving, all dairy cows were given the same feeding ration from the first day after parturition. The experiment was conducted for 21 days before and 50 days after calving. FR in the form of total mixed ration was offered ad libitum. Dry matter intake, milk performance, body condition, live weight, and blood and rumen parameters were recorded for the duration of the experiment. Average daily dry matter intake before calving was highest in the "K" group (14.32 kg per head). Differences among groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Prepartum dry matter consumption dropped as the rate of saccharose in the diet of cows increased. Dry matter consumption levelled off after calving. Milk yield was also highest in the "K" group (43.71 kg/head/day), but fatness of milk and thus the production of fat corrected milk were lowest in this group. The highest milk fat content (4.10%) and fat corrected milk production (44.03 kg/head/day) were recorded in the "C" group, whereas the highest milk protein concentration was found in the milk of the "O" group. The composition of NFC affected dry matter intake before parturition, but these concentrations did not significantly affect dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, live weight, body condition or blood serum and rumen fluid parameters after calving

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Paprika and/or marigold extracts in diets for laying hens

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402017000200008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 293-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Cristina de OLIVEIRA ◽

Wanessa Dutra da SILVA ◽

Higor Castro OLIVEIRA ◽

Eduardo de Queiroz Barros MOREIRA ◽

Larissa de Oliveira FERREIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Specific Weight ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Haugh Unit

SUMMARY This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of paprika and marigold extracts in sorghum-based rations on the productivity and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred sixty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 + 1), one control ration based on corn, two levels of paprika extract (0 and 6 g/kg diet), and two levels of marigold extract (0 and 1 g/kg diet) in sorghum-based rations. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the weight, specific weight, and Haugh unit of the eggs and productive performance, but the inclusion of paprika extract resulted in eggs with lower egg pH. The interaction between the control group and the factorial was significant (P < 0.05) to the laying rate, egg mass, and yolk color, whose values were lower with sorghum-based diets with no pigment compared to control treatment. The interaction between the paprika and marigold extracts was significant increasing the height (P < 0.03) and color (P < 0.0001) of the yolk when paprika extract was used, with or without marigold extract. Marigold extract inclusion reduced the percentage (P < 0.02) and thickness (P < 0.01) of the eggshell. As conclusion, the inclusion of paprika extract in sorghum-based diets for laying hens is viable for improving the egg quality.

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Effect of Harvest Time and Microbial Anaerobic Fermentation at Ruminal Degradability, In Vitro Digestibility to Milk Production and Milk Quality for Whole Plant Zhang Hybrid Millet in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100749 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 749

Author(s):

Yujia Tian ◽

Xuewei Zhang ◽

Shengli Li ◽

Kai Liu ◽

Peng Guo

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Milk Quality ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Alternative Feedstock

This study assessed whether harvest time and microbial anaerobic fermentation could affect ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of whole Zhang hybrid millet, and estimate the effect of microbial anaerobic fermented whole Zhang hybrid millet as feedstuff on milk yield and milk quality. Protein degradation and intestinal digestion were determined using in situ nylon bag technique and three-step in vitro method, respectively. Results showed that harvest time, microbial anaerobic fermentation, or their interaction significantly affected EDDM, EDCP, and EDNDF (p < 0.05). In vitro fermentation was significantly influenced by harvest time. Early harvested samples appeared to have higher Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and lower acetate: propionate ratio than late harvested ones (p < 0.01). However, significant effect of harvest time and fermentation was failed to find in the estimation of rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) (p > 0.05). Microbial anaerobic fermented whole Zhang hybrid millet as feedstuff provided similar milk compositions compared with controls, and it significantly reduced SCC (p = 0.04). Milk yield was numerically higher in whole Zhang hybrid millet groups. In conclusion, harvest time and microbial anaerobic fermentation could further improve ruminal utilization of whole Zhang hybrid millet. Whole Zhang hybrid millet could be an alternative feedstock for dairy cows with acceptable safety profile and potential benefit in milk production.

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