Design of Fused-Deposition ABS Components for Stiffness and Strength

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose´ F. Rodrı´guez ◽  
James P. Thomas ◽  
John E. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Approximate Minimization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Functional Components

The high degree of automation of Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processing and its ability to create geometrically complex parts to precise dimensions provide it with a unique potential for low volume production of rapid tooling and functional components. A factor of significant importance in the above applications is the capability of producing components with adequate mechanical performance (e.g., stiffness and strength). This paper introduces a strategy for optimizing the design of Fused-Deposition Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (FD-ABS; P400) components for stiffness and strength under a given set of loading conditions. In this strategy, a mathematical model of the structural system is linked to an approximate minimization algorithm to find the settings of select manufacturing parameters, which optimize the mechanical performance of the component. The methodology is demonstrated by maximizing the load carrying capacity of a two-section cantilevered FD-ABS beam.

Design of Fused-Deposition ABS Components for Stiffness and Strength

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F. Rodríguez ◽  
James P. Thomas ◽  
John E. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Approximate Minimization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract The high degree of automation of Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processing and its ability to create geometrically complex parts to precise dimensions provide it with a unique potential for low volume production of rapid tooling and functional components. A factor of significant importance in the above applications is the capability of producing components with adequate mechanical performance (e.g., stiffness and strength). This paper introduces a strategy for the optimizing the design of Fused-Deposition Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (FD-ABS) components for stiffness and strength. In this strategy, a mathematical model of the structural system is linked to an approximate minimization algorithm to find the settings of select manufacturing parameters which optimize the mechanical performance of the component. The methodology is demonstrated by maximizing the load carrying capacity of a two-section cantilevered FD-ABS beam.

scholarly journals The Influence of Manufacturing Parameters on the Mechanical Behaviour of PLA and ABS Pieces Manufactured by FDM: A Comparative Analysis

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Rodríguez-Panes ◽  
Juan Claver ◽  
Ana Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Layer Orientation ◽  
Lower Variability

This paper presents a comparative study of the tensile mechanical behaviour of pieces produced using the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) additive manufacturing technique with respect to the two types of thermoplastic material most widely used in this technique: polylactide (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The aim of this study is to compare the effect of layer height, infill density, and layer orientation on the mechanical performance of PLA and ABS test specimens. The variables under study here are tensile yield stress, tensile strength, nominal strain at break, and modulus of elasticity. The results obtained with ABS show a lower variability than those obtained with PLA. In general, the infill percentage is the manufacturing parameter of greatest influence on the results, although the effect is more noticeable in PLA than in ABS. The test specimens manufactured using PLA perform more rigidly and they are found to have greater tensile strength than ABS. The bond between layers in PLA turns out to be extremely strong and is, therefore, highly suitable for use in additive technologies. The methodology proposed is a reference of interest in studies involving the determination of mechanical properties of polymer materials manufactured using these technologies.

Characterization of Permeability for Solid Freeform Fabricated Porous Structures

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Erdal ◽  
Levent Ertoz ◽  
Selçuk Güçeri
Keyword(s):  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Pore Geometry ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Permeability Measurement ◽  
Porous Flow ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract Fused deposition based solid freeform fabrication technique allows manufacturing of potential functional preforms for subsequent Resin Transfer Molding. In this study, the transport property (permeability) of solid freeform fabricated porous preform geometries are investigated. Specifically the effect of pore geometry and network on the permeability is sought. Wet (saturated) permeability experiments were performed for various pore geometries with different viscosity liquids. For all fluids and preform structures investigated in this study, the porous flow exhibited Darcian behavior. The permeability is affected by changes in order of magnitude of fluid viscosity, the effect considerably significant in low porosity preforms. Current work concentrates on dry permeability measurement and development of numerical permeability models for ordered pore geometries (as produced through SFF) that will be compared with experimental results.

Design, Simulation and SFF Techniques for Functional Components

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noshir Langrana ◽  
Dan Qiu ◽  
Guohua Wu ◽  
Kathryn Higgins ◽  
Cheng Tiao Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Development of Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) systems has created the opportunity for new approaches in design of functional components, which leverages the inherent strengths of both experiment and numerical simulation. This paper describes an approach in which the computational models are integrated with the rapid prototyping fabrication processes. The parts are fabricated using different materials including wax, PZT, silicone nitride, and 17-4PH stainless steel powders for the SFF hardware (Langrana et al, 2000, Qiu et al, 1999, Danforth et al, 1998) and Ciba-Geigy SL-resin for SLA hardware (Higgins and Langrana, 1998, Higgins and Langrana 1999). The components such as turbine blades, actuators, and fixtures have been designed, simulated and fabricated. The properties of parts have been and are being quantified in terms of accuracy and quality.

Solid Freeform Fabrication of Silicon Nitride Ceramics

1998 ◽  
Vol 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gasdaska ◽  
R. Clancy ◽  
V. Jamalabad ◽  
D. Dalfonzo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
Nitride Ceramics ◽  
Internal Cavities ◽  
Expansion Coefficients

AbstractSilicon nitride ceramics have been prepared using the fused deposition (FD) process in a Stratasys 1650 modeler. Two types of silicon nitride have been prepared: GS44 and AS800. AS800 is processed and used at higher temperatures than GS44. The strength of machined surfaces of either type of silicon nitride prepared using FD is comparable to conventionally processed material. Using standard build conditions strengths for as-built and as-sintered surfaces are approximately 50% lower. The additive nature of solid freeform processes also allows multi-material combinations to be deposited which result in enhanced performance. For example, combinations of silicon nitride based materials with different thermal expansion coefficients have been prepared which demonstrate strength increases > 20%. In addition, components containing complicated internal cavities may also be fabricated.

Mechanical properties of an additive manufactured CF-PLA/ABS hybrid composite sheet

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571986940
Author(s):  
Syed Waqar Ahmed ◽  
Ghulam Hussain ◽  
Khalid A Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Khurram Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Composite Sheet ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Laminar Composites ◽  
Printing Speed

Laminar composites have widespread applications in the automotive and aircraft industry. This research was aimed to investigate the suitability of fused deposition modeling to produce multi-material laminar composites. Composites comprising of two dissimilar laminates, named as hybrid composites, were printed from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament and carbon fiber-reinforced polylactic acid filament (a composite filament) by varying different printing parameters. Tensile tests were conducted to examine the mechanical performance of the produced composite sheet. A detailed analysis of the results revealed that a high ultimate tensile strength is primarily achieved by setting low values of printing speed, layer height, and clad ratio while high elongation is obtained by employing low printing speed, medium layer height, and high clad ratio. The optimum printing conditions were sought out through desirability function with an objective to simultaneously enhance all the considered properties. Further, the composite sheet exhibited a reasonably good combination of tensile properties as compared to its monolithic constituent sheets. Based on the results, it is concluded that the bi-material laminating approach employed herein can produce printed structures with desired properties.

scholarly journals Extrusion 3D Printing of Polybutyrate-Adipate-Terephthalate-Polymer Composites in the Pellet Form

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarat Singamneni ◽  
Dawn Smith ◽  
Marie-Joo LeGuen ◽  
Derryn Truong
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Pellet Form ◽  
3D Printing Technique

Fused deposition modelling is a common 3D printing technique used for the freeform fabrication of complex shapes based on polymers. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is the common material option, though polylactide (PLA) has also proved to be a successful candidate. There is an ever increasing demand to harness new materials as possible candidates for fused deposition. The current research is focused on evaluating polybutyrate-adipate-terephthalate–polymer (PBAT) for fused deposition modelling. Both neat and composite PBAT filled with varying wood flour fillers were experimentally analyzed for 3D printing by extrusion from the pellet forms. The results are positive and the addition of small quantities of the wood flour filler material was found to improve the thixotropic nature of the polymer composite and consequently the inter-strand and inter-layer coalescence.

Three-dimensional printing of dual thermoplastic materials with different layer combinations: Tensile, flexural, and fractured surface investigations

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572092512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish ◽  
Akshay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Thermoplastic Material ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Dual Material ◽  
Single Material ◽  
Fractured Surface

The three-dimensional (3-D) printing with deposition of dual/multiple materials on alternative layers has been explored by some researchers for various engineering applications. But, hitherto, little has been reported on failure mechanism of dual/multiple materials 3-D printed parts in tensile and flexural testing. In this work, investigations were made to explore the tensile, flexural, morphological, and thermal properties of dual thermoplastic material (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA))-based 3-D printing of functional prototypes with low-cost fused deposition modeling process. The results of the study suggest that for mechanical properties of 3-D printed parts, the number of conversions, the number of negative conversions for selecting particular layer of thermoplastic material, and the number of layers (while selecting the alternative layer’s material) have significant effect. The maximum peak strength of 55.98 MPa (while tensile testing) was observed for combination of four consecutive layers of PLA and two layers of ABS, which is 15.81% higher than the ABS (48.34 MPa) and at par with the PLA-based 3-D printed functional prototype. Also, it has been ascertained that the deposition of ABS on PLA has better compatibility than PLA deposition on ABS platform. In case of flexural strength, single material-based 3-D printed parts have better properties. From fractured surface analysis, it has been observed that dual material-based 3-D printed prototypes have relatively large number of voids/porosity holes in comparison to single material-based 3-D printed prototypes, thus ultimately resulting in poor mechanical performance.

Processing of Novel Electroceramic Components by SFF Techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Safari ◽  
S. C. Danforth ◽  
A. L. Kholkin ◽  
I. A. Cornejo ◽  
F. Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Electromechanical Properties ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Fused Deposition Of Ceramics ◽  
Aided Design

AbstractNovel piezoelectric ceramic and ceramic/polymer composite structures were fabricated by solid freeform fabrication (SFF) for sensor and actuator applications. SFF techniques including fused deposition of ceramics (FDC) and Sanders prototyping (SP) were utilized to fabricate a variety of complex structures directly from a computer aided design (CAD) file. Novel composite structures including volume fraction gradients (VFG) and staggered rods, as well as actuator designs such as tubes, spirals and telescopes were made using the flexibility provided by the above processes. VFG composites were made by SP technique with the ceramic content decreasing from the center towards the edges. This resulted in a reduction of side lobe intensity in the acoustic beam pattern. The FDC technique was used to manufacture high authority actuators utilizing novel designs for the amplification of strain under applied electric field. The design, fabrication and electromechanical properties of these composite and actuator structures are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Main 3D Manufacturing Techniques for Customized Bone Substitutes. A Systematic Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2524
Author(s):  
Javier Montero ◽  
Alicia Becerro ◽  
Beatriz Pardal-Peláez ◽  
Norberto Quispe-López ◽  
Juan-Francisco Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Bone Scaffolds

Clinicians should be aware of the main methods and materials to face the challenge of bone shortage by manufacturing customized grafts, in order to repair defects. This study aims to carry out a bibliographic review of the existing methods to manufacture customized bone scaffolds through 3D technology and to identify their current situation based on the published papers. A literature search was carried out using “3D scaffold”, “bone regeneration”, “robocasting” and “3D printing” as descriptors. This search strategy was performed on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Cochrane Library, but also by hand search in relevant journals and throughout the selected papers. All the papers focusing on techniques for manufacturing customized bone scaffolds were reviewed. The 62 articles identified described 14 techniques (4 subtraction + 10 addition techniques). Scaffold fabrication techniques can be also be classified according to the time at which they are developed, into Conventional techniques and Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques. The conventional techniques are unable to control the architecture of the pore and the pore interconnection. However, current Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques allow individualizing and generating complex geometries of porosity. To conclude, currently SLA (Stereolithography), Robocasting and FDM (Fused deposition modeling) are promising options in customized bone regeneration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document