Effect of sucrose catalyst in the catalytic converter on performance and emission of spark ignition engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
S Sathyanarayanan ◽  
S Suresh ◽  
M Sridharan
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Toxic Emission ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Expert System ◽  
Nox Conversion Efficiency

Abstract In this study, experimental attempts are made to reduce exhaust gas toxic emission from the spark ignition (SI) engine. For this, a sucrose catalyst is coated inside the metallic substrate. The obtained emission level was compared with the results of commercial catalysts for lean-burn operations. The engine was operated at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% loads and the highest NOx conversion efficiency of 60.217% at 40% engine load and 70.732% of HC conversion efficiency at 100% engine loadwas achieved. Exhaust emissions from the sucrose-coated catalytic converterare observed as lower than the conventional commercial converter. Also, this paper attempts to predict the emission characteristics of both rigskept under observation using a fuzzy logic expert system (FLES). Both the input and output responses from the real-time SI engine is used to train and test the proposed FLES. The FLES proposed in this study can predict the emission characteristicsof both conventional and sucrose coated catalytic converter with an accuracy of 97%.

Effect of Engine Variables on Combustion Performance of Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine: An Overview

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manivannan ◽  
R. Ramprabhu
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Lean Combustion

In the development of internal combustion engines, there has been a continuous effort to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Lean combustion is a preferred concept for reducing exhaust emissions for meeting stringent emission standards. However lean combustion is associated with increased cycle-by-cycle combustion variation due to combustion instability. The combustion stability under lean mixture conditions could be improved through enhancement of flow characteristics. Effect of engine variables on lean combustion of Spark Ignition (SI) engine is presented, including combustion chamber and inlet port configuration, and ignition system. Use of pre-chamber for lean combustion is one of the feasible method to achieve stable ignition and quick flame propagation. This paper highlights and compares status of various research works carried out in the area of lean burn engines. A critical analysis of reported experimental data is presented in order to substantiate use of lean combustion in SI engine.

scholarly journals Effect of inlet air temperature on SI engine fueled with diethyl ether-gasoline blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4044-4055
Author(s):  
S. Srihari ◽  
D. Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Thirumalini S
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Air Intake

In this study the performance and emission characteristics of spark ignition genset engine fueled with gasoline and diethyl ether (DEE) blends are carried out. The DEE blends are varied from 3%, 6% and 9% by volume in gasoline. A four-stroke single cylinder constant speed spark ignition engine is used for the experiments. The variation in fuel consumption and exhaust emission with respect to two different inlet air temperatures are studied. The concentration of exhaust emissions such as HC, CO, NOx is observed. The parameters such as inlet air temperature, brake specific fuel consumption, relative air to fuel ratio are also measured. It is noticed that 6% DEE blend in gasoline reduced almost reduced HC emission about 57% and also considerable reduction in CO emission at lower air intake temperature. The addition of diethyl ether has an improvement in performance and significant reduction in HC, CO and NOx emissions.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Performance and Emission Characteristics between Spark Ignition Engine and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine (HCCI)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Nahedh Mahmood Ali
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Many researchers consider Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine mode as a promising alternative to combustion in Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines. The HCCI engine runs on lean mixtures of fuel and air, and the combustion is produced from the fuel autoignition instead of ignited by a spark. This combustion mode was investigated in this paper. A variable compression ratio, spark ignition engine type TD110 was used in the experiments. The tested fuel was Iraqi conventional gasoline (ON=82). The results showed that HCCI engine can run in very lean equivalence ratios. The brake specific fuel consumption was reduced about 28% compared with a spark ignition engine. The experimental tests showed that the emissions concentrations were reduced by 91.27% for NOx, 85.99% for CO, 78.91% for CO2, and 83.56% for unburned hydrocarbons compared to the SI engine. HCCI engine produced little noise with about 26.68% less than SI engine.

Ignition Stability Improvement and Emission Reduction via Multiple Ignition Sites Strategy Under Cold Start and Transient Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Simon Leblanc ◽  
Ming Zheng ◽  
Jimi Tjong
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Engine Stability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Downsizing, turbocharging, and lean burn strategies offer improved fuel efficiency and engine-out emissions to that of conventional spark ignition engines. However, maintaining engine stability becomes difficult, especially at low load and low speed operation such as cold start conditions. Under cold start operation, the spark timing is retarded to rush catalyst warm-up temperature followed by advancing the spark timing for engine stability. In this sequence, securing ignition while using retarded spark timing is difficult because of the cold cylinder walls and low engine loads. Through previous investigations, the noval multiple ignition sites strategy demonstrated its capability to expend lean burn boundaries beyond traditional single core spark plug and improve cycle to cycle variation. In this work, multisite ignition is tested on a production 4-cylinder direct injection spark ignition engine. A large number of tests are performed on the engine to investigate the impact of ignition strategy on emissions and stability during catalytic converter warm up period as part of the cold-start operation. Results show that the three-core spark igniter shortens the ignition delay thus providing a wider stable spark timing window for stable engine operation. As a result, the concentration of unburnt fuel in the exhaust gas can be reduced before the catalyst reaches the light-off temperature.

Optimization of stratification combustion in a spark ignition engine by double-pulse port fuel injection

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Wang ◽  
Z Peng ◽  
S-L Liu ◽  
H-D Xiao ◽  
H Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Double Pulse ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Port Fuel Injection

The potential of lean burn in a spark-ignition (SI) engine with optimized fuel injection was experimentally investigated and numerically simulated. The experiments were carried out on a production SI engine which has a port fuel injection (PFI) system. The previous port electronic fuel injection system was modified and the technique of double-pulse fuel injection (DFI) was employed. By regulating injection timings and proportions of DFI, the air-fuel mixture stratification was significantly improved and the expected lean burn was implemented. The experimental results showed that the reduction of fuel consumption with DFI could be above 10 per cent over quite a wide load range, compared to single fuel injection. With optimized fuel injection timings and double-pulse proportions, the ideal engine performance and emissions can be achieved with a two to three times higher air-fuel ratio (AFR) than single fuel injection. With numerical simulation, the effects of mixture stratification formed by different fuel injection amounts and timings were analysed using a phenomenological model. The mixture in the cylinder was divided into different regions that distribute spherically around the spark plug and consist of a central region of stoichiometric air-fuel mixture and a gradually leaner outside region. Simulation results demonstrated that the improvements in fuel economy and emissions with DFI were mainly attributed to increased stratification zones and a reduced AFR gradient in the stratification zones.

scholarly journals Effects of Fuel Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adebayo ◽  
Omojola Awogbemi
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Si Engines

This research investigated the effects of addition of ethanol to gasoline with the aim of improving the performance and emission characteristics of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Four samples of gasoline-ethanol blend were prepared, namely 100% ethanol, 100% gasoline, 95% gasoline + 5% ethanol and 90% gasoline+10% ethanol, and were labeled sample A, B, C and D respectively. Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the four samples while sample B, C, and D were used to run a single cylinder, two stroke, air cooled SI engine to determine the performance characteristics of the engine at four engine speeds of 800rpm, 1000rpm, 1200rpm, and 1400rpm. An exhaust gas analyzer was used to analyze the exhaust emission to determine its constituents at no load. The research concluded that blending gasoline with ethanol not only improved the performance of the engine, it also yielded a friendlier emission. It also solves the problem of sole dependence on petroleum products to run SI engines with its attendant cost and environmental implications.

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