Experimental Study on Emissions of Hydrogen Enriched Diesel Engine With Varied Combustion Chamber Geometry

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi Us ◽  
K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Combustion Properties

The depletion of fossil fuels and its emissions promoted the researchers to search for substitute fuels and their controlled combustion. Hydrogen is considered as one of the best fuels for internal combustion engines because of its unique combustion properties. Currently, there are very few commercial devices that utilize hydrogen combustion for the production of heat, which is mainly due to the limited availability of hydrogen fuel. As the accompanying environmental legislation will clearly favour clean technologies, the emergence of hydrogen as an energy carrier will modify this situation. To achieve controlled combustion, an attempt was made at investigating the effect of change of piston geometry on the emission characteristics of diesel engine enriched with hydrogen at optimum flow rate. Experiments were conducted to study the effect of varied piston bowl geometry on the emission characteristics of diesel engine enriched with hydrogen at a flow rate of 6 lpm on four stroke single cylinder diesel engine at constant speed of 1500 rpm for different loads. For flow rates above 6 lpm knocking tendency was observed due to raise in temperature and peak pressures with addition of hydrogen. The experiments were conducted with standard hemispherical, toroidal and re-entrant toroidal piston bowl geometry at 6 lpm flow rate of hydrogen duly ensuring the same compression ratio in all three cases. The emissions for diesel engine enriched with hydrogen in hemispherical combustion chamber at 6 lpm flow rate were reduced by 27.1%, 37.5% and 10.8% of unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC), Carbon monoxide (CO) and smoke density respectively when compared to diesel fuel alone operation at rated load. This is mainly due to high combustion temperatures which lead to complete burning of fuel and reduction in carbon content with addition of hydrogen. However, there was a 14% increase in oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emission due to high combustion temperatures by hydrogen induction. With toroidal and reentrant geometry of the combustion chambers at 6 lpm flow rate of hydrogen, the emission parameters were further reduced notably. Further there is an increase in NOx emission was observed in dual fuel mode compared to standard piston due to high cylinder temperatures and pressures. The obtained results show that at part load conditions with enriched hydrogen, the percentage reduction of NOx emission was engine load dependent, being least increase at low loads and high increase at high loads. The reduction in emission particulates with varied combustion chamber bowl geometry was due to improved swirl motion of high turbulence of air in the combustion.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemical Composite Additive on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine using Waste Plastic Oil as Fuel and Modified Piston Bowl

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2806-2813
Author(s):  
Pappula Bridjesh ◽  
Pitchaipillai Periyasamy ◽  
Narayanan Kannaiyan Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Soy Lecithin ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Waste Plastic Oil ◽  
Engine Combustion

This experimental investigation is an endeavour to substitute diesel with WPO as fuel on a diesel engine. Enhancing the physiochemical properties of WPO or with hardware modifications on the engine, the performance of engine could not be improved up to the mark. The physiochemical properties of WPO are enhanced by the use of composite additive, which is a mixture of soy lecithin and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate and to improve the in-cylinder air motion; subsequently to increase the swirl and turbulence, standard hemispherical combustion chamber is modified to toroidal spherical grooves combustion chamber. The results of combined effect of modifying the combustion chamber and addition of composite additive suggest that improvements in engine-out emissions can be obtained from current diesel engines by enhancing physiochemical properties of fuel and matching geometry of combustion chamber. Engine combustion and emission characteristics under various loads for various fuels under test are as well studied.

Effect of Combustion Chamber Geometry on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Mahua Biodiesel Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 900-906
Author(s):  
L. Saravanakumar ◽  
B.R. Ramesh Bapu ◽  
B. Durga Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Standard Configuration ◽  
Mahua Biodiesel ◽  
High Fatty Acids

The present work investigates the effect of change in combustion chamber geometry on performance and emission characteristics of single cylinder diesel engine fuelled with mahua biodiesel. Since plant oil derived from the mahua tree has high fatty acids, it undergoes esterification followed by transesterification process to reduce its viscosity. Experiments were conducted using a blend of 20% biodiesel (B20) 40% biodiesel (B40) with diesel and compared with diesel by using two types of combustion chamber geometry, explicitly hemispherical and modified hemispherical combustion chamber. Performance parameters such as Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and emission parameters like Unburned Hydro Carbon (UBHC), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) were studied from the diesel engine with above mentioned configurations. It is obvious that there is considerable improvement in the performance parameter viz, BTE, BSFC and reduction in UBHC emissions by using the modified geometry piston. However, the NOx emission was found to be higher than that of standard configuration. The results obtained from the blend B20 at modified combustion chamber geometry are on par with diesel and hence mahua biodiesel can be suggested as an alternative fuel for Compression Ignition (C.I) engine with modified combustion chamber geometry.

Effect of Combustion Chamber Design on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engine Fuelled With Refined Rice Bran Oil Blends

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Samuel Raja ◽  
G. Lakshmi Narayana Rao ◽  
N. Nallusamy ◽  
M. Selva Ganesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Piston Bowl

The present work deals with the experimental investigations on the effect of refined rice bran oil and its blends with diesel on performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine with different combustion chamber geometry. The engine was tested with various neat vegetable oils and it was found that with refined rice bran oil the performance and emission characteristics were comparable with that of neat diesel. The K- factor of the combustion chamber geometry (ratio of the piston bowl volume to the clearance volume) was maintained at 0.74. The D/d ratio (ratio of piston crown diameter to piston bowl diameter) was altered to achieve re-entrant and torroidal shapes from spherical shape. Tests were carried out for each blend, with particular geometry of combustion chamber. Results with different combustion chamber geometry and different blends have been compared.

Performance and Emission Study on Diesel Engine using Waste Cooking Oil with Methanol as Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. RaajKumar ◽  
S. Sriram ◽  
A.S. DivakarShetty ◽  
Sandeep Koundinya
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Emission Study

As the years are passing by, the number of vehicles used for transportation is increasing. Due to this the environment is degrading and also the fossil fuels are depleting. This paper presents the performance and emission study on diesel engine using waste cooking oil with methanol as additive in various proportions. The properties such as the flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity and the calorific values of the blends with and without additive are determined. Then all the biodiesel blends are used as fuel separately in the diesel engine. The engine performance as well as emission characteristics have been determined and compared at different blends. The blends with additive showed better properties and reduction in emission characteristics compared to diesel. The emission of CO is decreasing with increasing waste cooking oil and methanol quantity in the blends. Fuel consumption was more for the higher percentage blends with respect to increasing brake power. The emission of un-burnt hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen are reduced significantly with addition of methanol to fuel mixture due to higher oxygen and heat of vaporization.

Effect of Engine Operating Parameters on Combustion and Emission Characteristics

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Eugene L. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Pollutants Emission

Abstract Numerical simulation of flow, combustion, heat release rate and pollutants emission characteristics have been obtained using a single cylinder internal combustion engine operating with propane as the fuel. The data are compared with experimental results and show excellent agreement for peak pressure and the rate of pressure rise as a function of crank angle. The results obtained for NO and CO are also found to be in good agreement and are similar to those reported in the literature for the chosen combustion chamber geometry. The results have shown that both the combustion chamber geometry and engine operating parameters affects the flame growth within the combustion chamber which subsequently affects the pollutants emission levels. The code employed the time marching procedure and solves the governing partial differential equations of multi-component chemically reacting fluid flow by finite difference method. The numerical results provide a cost effective means of developing advanced internal combustion engine chamber geometry design that provides high efficiency and low pollution levels. It is expected that increased computational tools will be used in the future for enhancing our understanding of the detailed combustion process in internal combustion engines and all other energy conversion systems. Such detailed information is critical for the development of advanced methods for energy conservation and environmental pollution control.

scholarly journals The Performance of Diesel Engine Fueled Diesel Oil in Comparison with Heated Pure Vegetable Oils Available in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Tuan Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Ready Availability

Pure vegetable oils have the greatest promise for alternative fuels for internal combustion engines beside the depletion of conventional petroleum resources. Among various possible options, pure vegetable oils present promising of greener air substitutes for fossil fuels. Pure vegetable oils, due to the agricultural origin, liquidity, ready availability, renewability, biodegradability are able to reduce the CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Also, in Vietnam, pure vegetable oils such as soybean oil (SoO100), coconut oil (CO100) and sunflower oil (SuO100) are available. The paper presents the results of using heated pure vegetable oils for diesel engine D243 with power of 80 hp (58.88) kW. The results of determining the power (Ne), specific fuel consumption (SFC) and efficiency (n) are used to evaluate the performance of engine. The results show that, the engine power (Ne) is 10%-15% lower, the SFC of engine D243 using pure vegetable oils is 3%-5% higher and the η is 2.5%-6.2% lower compared to diesel oil (DO). Among the pure vegetable oils, the best performance results for D243 diesel engine are obtained from heated pure sunflower oil up to 135oC.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON DIESEL ENGINE FUELLED BY MAHUA BIODIESEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-443
Author(s):  
M.Kannan, R.Balaji, R.T Sarath Babu, Chandrakant B. Shende, Ashish Selokar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Mahua Oil ◽  
Mahua Biodiesel

The primary objective of this study is to discover the effects of injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics effect of advanced and retarded injection timing of the engine fuelled with mahua oil biodiesel blends. The engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics of the mahua oil biodiesel blends (B20, B40, B60, B80and B100) are investigated in this experimentation without any modification of the diesel engine. At this advanced pressure t he efficiency of engine by means of CO, Unburned HC gases and smoke emissions with higher oxides of nitrogen was observed compared to diesel. The obtained results are compared with a neat diesel and mahua oil biodiesel blends are shown through the graphs. From this study, identifies optimum fuel blend of this work. Thus, the combustion of duration is similar in all variance in pressure. This research paved a way to bio-diesel in mahua oil mixture and draws best outcome in emission less and to maintain eco-friendly environment.  

Effect of Cetane Number Improver on Emission Characteristics of Methanol/Diesel Blend Fuel

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1888-1891
Author(s):  
Jia Yi Du ◽  
Wei Xun Zhang ◽  
Deng Pan Zhang ◽  
Zhen Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Blend Fuel ◽  
Co Emission

The influence of cetane number improver on emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with methanol/diesel blend fuel was investigated. Methanol/diesel blend fuel was prepared, in which the methanol content is 10%, different mass fraction (0%，0.5%) of cetane number improver were added to the blend fuel. Load characteristic experiments at maximum torque speed of the engine were carried out on 4B26 direct injection diesel engine. The results show that, compared with the engine fueled with diesel, the CO emission increases under low loads and reduces under medium and high loads, the HC emission increases, the NOx emission decreases under medium and low loads and increases under high loads, the soot emission reduces significantly when the diesel engine fueled with blends. When cetane number improver was added to blends, the CO and NOx emission reduces, the HC emission decreases, the soot emission increases to some extent compared with the methanol/dieselblend fuel without cetane number improver.

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