Motorcycle No Fall Over Kickstand

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
Safety Devices ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Motorcycles have been a mode of transportation since 1894, when the first batch of motorcycles were manufactured for consumer use by Hildebrand & Wolfmüller. Motorcycles provide a fast and cost effective, specifically fuel economy, way to commute. They are also used in recreational settings such as motocross and performance racing activities. Over the years, there have been many different design generations for the various manufactures and custom shops. The customer demand for motorcycles is always increasing as well. However, the biggest drawback to someone owning and operating a motorcycle has always been safety concerns. One of these safety concerns is the motorcycle falling over and being damaged while being parked. Fall overs occur for a multitude number of reasons, the most common occurrences due to being parked on an uneven level or someone pushing the motorcycle over. Current safety devices to prevent this from occurring are crash bars and center stands. However, these devices are either not applicable to all motorcycle makes and models or do not appeal to the motorcycles look per the owner’s discretion. A “no fall over” automated mechanical kickstand would solve both of these problems and, at the same time, prevent fall over accidents.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Conventional Methods and Electrochemical Aptasensors for Mycotoxin Detection

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1437
Author(s):  
Jing Yi Ong ◽  
Andrew Pike ◽  
Ling Ling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Performance

The presence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs and feedstuffs is a serious concern for human health. The detection of mycotoxins is therefore necessary as a preventive action to avoid the harmful contamination of foodstuffs and animal feed. In comparison with the considerable expense of treating contaminated foodstuffs, early detection is a cost-effective way to ensure food safety. The high affinity of bio-recognition molecules to mycotoxins has led to the development of affinity columns for sample pre-treatment and the development of biosensors for the quantitative analysis of mycotoxins. Aptamers are a very attractive class of biological receptors that are currently in great demand for the development of new biosensors. In this review, the improvement in the materials and methodology, and the working principles and performance of both conventional and recently developed methods are discussed. The key features and applications of the fundamental recognition elements, such as antibodies and aptamers are addressed. Recent advances in aptasensors that are based on different electrochemical (EC) transducers are reviewed in detail, especially from the perspective of the diagnostic mechanism; in addition, a brief introduction of some commercially available mycotoxin detection kits is provided.

scholarly journals Using Aerial and Vehicular NFV Infrastructures to Agilely Create Vertical Services

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1342
Author(s):  
Borja Nogales ◽  
Miguel Silva ◽  
Ivan Vidal ◽  
Miguel Luís ◽  
Francisco Valera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Mobile Environments ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Network Function ◽  
And Performance

5G communications have become an enabler for the creation of new and more complex networking scenarios, bringing together different vertical ecosystems. Such behavior has been fostered by the network function virtualization (NFV) concept, where the orchestration and virtualization capabilities allow the possibility of dynamically supplying network resources according to its needs. Nevertheless, the integration and performance of heterogeneous network environments, each one supported by a different provider, and with specific characteristics and requirements, in a single NFV framework is not straightforward. In this work we propose an NFV-based framework capable of supporting the flexible, cost-effective deployment of vertical services, through the integration of two distinguished mobile environments and their networks: small sized unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs), supporting a flying ad hoc network (FANET) and vehicles, promoting a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). In this context, a use case involving the public safety vertical will be used as an illustrative example to showcase the potential of this framework. This work also includes the technical implementation details of the framework proposed, allowing to analyse and discuss the delays on the network services deployment process. The results show that the deployment times can be significantly reduced through a distributed VNF configuration function based on the publish–subscribe model.

scholarly journals Cost-effective and performance analysis of thermoelectricity as a building cooling system; experimental case study based on a single TEC-12706 commercial module

2021 ◽  
pp. 101366
Author(s):  
Man-Wen Tian ◽  
Fayez Aldawi ◽  
Ali E. Anqi ◽  
Hazim Moria ◽  
Hamed Sadighi Dizaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Building Cooling

How Much Do Consumers Value Fuel Economy and Performance? Evidence from Technology Adoption

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Benjamin Leard ◽  
Joshua Linn ◽  
Yichen Christy Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Consumer Benefit ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
High Valuation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Historical Periods

Abstract During historical periods in which US fuel economy standards were unchanging, automakers increased performance but not fuel economy, contrasting with recent periods of tightening standards and rising fuel economy. This paper evaluates the welfare consequences of automakers forgoing performance increases to raise fuel economy as standards have tightened since 2012. Using a unique data set and a novel approach to account for fuel economy and performance endogeneity, we find undervaluation of fuel cost savings and high valuation of performance. Welfare costs of forgone performance approximately equal expected fuel savings benefits, suggesting approximately zero net private consumer benefit from tightened standards.

Fuel Economy and Emission Performance of Fuel Cell-Based Diesel HEVs

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Crunkleton ◽  
Robert Strattan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Architecture ◽  
Equivalent Fuel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hybrid Electric Powertrain ◽  
Powertrain Configuration

The fuel economy and emission advantages of diesel-electric hybrid powertrain modifications and an auxiliary fuel cell subsystem over those of a conventional midsize crossover SUV are discussed. The vehicle architecture is representative of one selected for the multiyear ChallengeX intercollegiate student design contest. To analyze the fuel economy, a simple “top-level” approach is used to estimate the fuel economy characteristics and performance potential to illustrate the advantages of the hybrid-electric powertrain configuration and the auxiliary fuel cells. Chained energy efficiency assumptions for the powertrain components lead to gasoline equivalent fuel mileage estimates. In the emission analysis, the greenhouse gases, regulated emissions, and energy use in transportation model is used to track the environmental impact of the powertrain on a well-to-wheels basis.

Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping to Alleviate Drought in Remote Locations

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kala Meah ◽  
Steven Fletcher ◽  
Yu Wan ◽  
Sadrul Ula
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Western Us ◽  
Water Right ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University

Many parts of the western US is rural in nature and consequently do not have electrical distribution lines in many parts of farms and ranches. Distribution line extension costs can run from $15,000 to $25,000 per mile, thereby making availability of electricity to small water pumping projects economically unattractive. Solar photo-voltaic (PV) powered water pumping is more cost effective in these small scale applications. Many western states including Wyoming are passing through fifth year of drought with the consequent shortages of water for many applications. Wyoming State Climatologist is predicting a possible 5–10 years of drought. Drought impacts the surface water right away, while it takes much longer to impact the underground aquifers. To mitigate the effect on the livestock and wildlife, Wyoming Governor Dave Freudenthal initiated a solar water pumping initiative in cooperation with the University of Wyoming, County Conservation Districts, Rural Electric Cooperatives, and ranching organizations. Solar water pumping has several advantages over traditional systems; for example, diesel or propane engines require not only expensive fuels, they also create noise and air pollution in many remote pristine areas. Solar systems are environment friendly, low maintenance and have no fuel cost. In this paper the design, installation and performance monitoring of the solar system for small scale remote water pumping will be presented.

Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Alloys: Structure and Porosity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Judge ◽  
Georges Kipouros
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Production Conditions

The production of aluminum alloys through powder metallurgy (PM) processes allows for the manufacture of net- or near-net-shape components in a cost-effective and sustainable manner. The high reactivity of aluminum metal, however, complicates PM processing, and special attention must be given to certain steps during production, particularly sintering. PM processing conditions strongly affect the structure and porosity of aluminum PM alloys, which ultimately determine their material properties and performance. In this article, the fundamental aspects of the commercial production of aluminum PM alloys are presented, along with the effects of production conditions on the structure and porosity of aluminum PM alloys. The properties and performance of aluminum PM alloys are then analyzed and interpreted with respect to their structure and porosity.

scholarly journals A Survey of Traditional and Customized Bus Transportation Planning Methodologies

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transit Planning ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Bus Transit ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Bus Service

Transportation planning is an area of public policy that is increasingly recognized for having a significant impact on human health and well-being. Passengers all across the world are choosing bus transit as one of the most cost-effective ways of transportation. The number of passengers who use this mode of transportation is steadily increasing. According to statistics, the bus was India's most popular mode of transportation in 2014. A bus was viewed as a mode of transportation by 66 percent of families in rural areas and 62 percent of households in urban areas. With increased demand, there is a concern about efficiently organizing this service. Because a lack of planning can generate major problems in the real world, such as traffic jams and high operating expenses, it is a source of concern for corporate and government entities who provide this service. In this paper, a review on various bus transit planning approaches and stages and methodologies used in each stage of the customized bus planning strategy is presented. This study will assist bus service organizing entities, whether private or public, in efficiently organizing bus service

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