Review on Grinding Tool Wear in Terms of Sustainability

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Linke
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Tool Profile ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
G Ratio

Products and manufacturing processes need to become more sustainable. Grinding tools and grinding processes are no exception. The wear of grinding tools is an important factor in their grinding performance and affects the grinding process outcome strongly. Different wear mechanisms on the grit and bond level lead to a change in tool profile and sharpness. This paper discusses and defines common terms used in the literature. Wheel wear occurs in three phases, initial wear, steady-state wear, and wheel collapse. In multi-layer tools, a steady self-sharpening state is preferable. This means that tool material loss is intrinsic to grinding processes and needed for the process to function. The G-ratio is a common parameter to evaluate tool life but not exhaustive. Economic, environmental and social sustainability of tool wear touches many different aspects which are sometimes contrary, e.g. in terms of economic sustainability tool manufacturers need tool wear to sell replacements, but tool wear leads to more waste and reduces environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Review on Grinding Tool Wear With Regard to Sustainability

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Linke
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Tool Profile ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
And Performance

Manufacturing processes have to become more sustainable. For grinding processes, this means that tool wear and performance need to be critically evaluated in their economic, environmental, and social impact. Tool wear affects several stakeholders. Different wear mechanisms on the grit and bond level lead to a change in tool profile and sharpness. For the user, wear changes tool costs, process stability, and maybe worker safety. Tool manufacturers need tool wear to sell replacements, whereas tool users might not like the higher waste and costs from tool wear but need tool self-sharpening.

scholarly journals Influence of dressing strategy on tool wear and performance behavior in grinding of forming tools with toric grinding pins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Alexander Krödel-Worbes ◽  
Michael Keitel ◽  
Philipp Wolters
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Vitrified Bond ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Forming Tools ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

AbstractThe performance of grinding tools in grinding processes and the resulting surface and subsurface properties depend on various factors. The condition of the grinding tool after dressing is one of these factors. However, the influence of the dressing process on the condition of the grinding tool depends on the selected process parameters and is difficult to predict. Therefore, this paper presents an approach to describe the influence of the dressing process on tool wear of toric grinding pins and the resulting subsurface modification. For this purpose, toric grinding pins with a vitrified bond were dressed with two different strategies and the wear and operational behavior were investigated when grinding AISI M3:2 tool steel with two different grinding strategies. In general, the investigations have shown that the dressing process influences the performance and wear behavior differently depending on the grinding strategy used. The degree of clogging is influenced by the geometric contact sizes. In the case of small engagement cross sections with simultaneously large contact lengths the thermal tool load is distributed over a small annular area of the tool and favors clogging. Crushing and additional transverse loading of the grains result in an almost clog-free tool surface. This also leads to a lower G-ratio. Crushing leads to an intensified decrease of the torus radii. The influence of the dressing strategy can also be observed in the induced residual stresses. Toric grinding pins dressed by crushing induce lower compressive residual stresses into the workpiece, which can be attributed to the self-sharpening effect. This effect reduces the mechanical and thermomechanical load of the workpiece during machining.

Peculiarities of tool material wear at polymeric composite blank cutting

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (7) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Юрий Зубарев ◽  
Yuriy Zubarev ◽  
Александр Приемышев ◽  
Alexsandr Priyomyshev
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Material Wear

Tool materials used for polymeric composite blank machining, kinds of tool material wear arising at machining these blanks, and also the impact of technological parameters upon tool wear are considered. The obtained results allow estimating the potentialities of physical models at polymeric composite blanks cutting.

scholarly journals Trade-off between India’s Trade Promotion and its Environmental Sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Manasi Gore ◽  
Meenal Annachhatre
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
National Income ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

The concept of sustainable development involves three components namely economic, social and environmental. In a developing economy like that of India, the economic sustainability demands higher growth of key economic indicators such as National income, employment generation, production, consumption and even the foreign trade. The growth of foreign trade and that of the exports are very critical for the foreign exchange reserves essential to pay for the imports in India. Trade as an engine of the economic growth thus fulfils the essential implication for economic sustainability. But in achieving this growth, economy’s environmental sustainability is at stake. This is because, the top export products of India still comprise of petroleum products (18%) , agricultural products (12%), textiles and yarns together at 11 % and chemicals (10%). All these exports in their production have immensely contributed towards environmental pollution in one way or the other. Mining for gold, silver and diamonds resulted in water pollution, Green House Gas emission, and soil erosion. Petroleum refineries are a major source of hazardous and toxic air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM).Though India’s contribution to the total world trade is yet negligible, while promoting the major exports as mentioned above the natural resources are exploited too much and thus create a threat to India’s environmental sustainability. This paper therefore advocates the need for the Green products’ exports to make India’s growth story even environmentally sustainable. Keywords: Sustainable development, Green products, Exports, Imports, Environmental Pollution

Evaluation of Thermal Effects in Turning Processes: Numerical and Experimental Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Prabha Kolluri ◽  
Srinivasa Prasad Balla ◽  
Satya Prasad Paruchuru
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Tool Wear Mechanism ◽  
Coated Carbide

Abstract The 3D Finite element method (FEM) is an efficient tool to predict the variables in the cutting process, which is otherwise challenging to obtain with the experimental methods alone. The present study combines both experimental findings and finite element simulation outcomes to investigate the effect of tool material on output process variables, such as vibrations, cutting temperature distribution and tool wear mechanism. Machining of popular aerospace materials like Ti-6Al-4V and Al7075 turned with coated and uncoated tools are part of the investigation. The authors choose the orthogonal test, measured vibrations and cutting temperatures and used FE simulations to carry out the subsequent validations. This study includes the influence of the predicted heat flux and temperature distribution on the tool wear mechanism. The main aim of this study is to investigate the performance quality of uncoated and coated carbide tools along with its thermal aspects. Comparison of experiment and simulation outcomes shows good agreement with a maximum error of 9.02%. It has been noted that the increase of cutting temperature is proportional to its cutting speed. As the cutting speed increases, it is observed that vibration parameter and flank wear value also increases. Overall, coated carbide turning insert tool is the best method for metal turning with higher rotational speeds of the spindle.

Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Regional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Balhiya Kulmesovna SHOMSHEKOVA ◽  
Saken Ualikhanovich ABDIBEKOV ◽  
Bauyrzhan Susaruly KULBAY ◽  
Aibarshyn Mamlenovna KASENOVA ◽  
Anar Satybaldinovna SADVAKASOVA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Scientific Justification ◽  
The Republic

In this study, the authors focus on the environmental and economic aspects of sustainable development at the regional level. Theoretical aspects of sustainable development of regions have been described, the main environmental problems giving rise to the formation of proposals for sustainable development have been presented, and the main systems of indicators of environmentally sustainable development have been analyzed. The analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the environment state in the Republic of Kazakhstan has been carried out and problems that impede the formation of environmentally sustainable development in the region have been identified. The directions of solving the problems of environmental sustainability of regions have been developed, providing for the construction of an organizational and economic mechanism for environmentally sustainable development, as well as improving several tools for managing sustainability. The authors attempt to fill in the existing gaps based on the materials of Kazakhstan, showing the problems of effective management of environmental sustainability based on the greening of industrial production, introduction of environmental innovations, development of the environmental culture of the population, as well as scientific justification of approaches to assessing regional environmental sustainability.

Experimental Study on Performance of CBN-Coated, CBN-Uncoated and PCD Tools in Turning Al 2124 SiC (45%wt) PMMC

2013 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muguthu Joseph Njuguna ◽  
D. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Crater Wear ◽  
Pcd Tool ◽  
Particulate Metal ◽  
Tools Wear ◽  
Pcd Tools

The machining of PMMCs is very difficult due to the highly abrasive and intermittent nature of the reinforcement. It is therefore necessary to choose tool material wisely. The focus of this paper was to assess performance of CBN-uncoated, CBN-coated and PCD tools with respect to tool wear, wear mechanism and cutting force while turning of Al 2124 SiC (45%wt) Particulate Metal Matrix Composite. Experimental results reveal that abrasion and chipping presented the most prevalent mode of wear among the CBN-uncoated, CBN-coated and PCD tools. Flank and crater wear were observed in all tools with flank wear being more prevalent in CBN-coated and CBN-uncoated tools. Wear among PCD tool was low as compared to CBN-uncoated CBN-coated. PCD tool is more suitable for cutting Al 2124 SiC(45%wt) PMMC.

Ultra Precision Grinding of Wafer Scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 516 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Martin Hünten ◽  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
Olaf Dambon ◽  
Benjamin Bulla
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Wafer Scale ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Glass Optics ◽  
Grinding Machine

Manufacturing moulds for the wafer-scale replication of precision glass optics sets new demands in terms of grinding tool lifetime and the processes to be applied. This paper will present different approaches to grinding processes and kinematics to machine wafer-scale tungsten carbide moulds with diameters of up to 100 mm and more than 100 single aspheric cavities, each featuring form accuracies in the micron range. The development of these processes will be described and advantages and disadvantages of the approaches derived from practical tests performed on an ultra precision grinding machine (Moore Nanotech 350FG) will be discussed. Finally, a comparison between the developed processes is made where achieved form accuracies and surface topography are analyzed.

Analysis of Tool Wear—Part I: Theoretical Models of Flank Wear

1969 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bhattacharyya ◽  
I. Ham
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Flank Surface ◽  
Form Stability ◽  
Sufficient Strength

Cutting tools of sufficient strength against failure by brittle fracture or loss of “form stability” through rise of interface temperatures, still continue to fail by a process of “wear,” which is loss of cutting tool material through gradual interaction between the work and the tool material. Such wear can take place either at the principal flank surface or at the top face of the cutting tool for roughing and semiroughing cuts. Wear may also occur at the auxiliary flank surface resulting in grooving wear during fine machining or machining of high strength materials. The causes for such wear processes include (i) mechanical interaction (abrasion or adhesion and transfer type), (ii) thermochemical interaction (diffusion or chemical reaction). As a part of this investigation on tool wear, two theoretical models have been proposed for explaining mechanical wear at the flank surface. These models explain the nature and characteristics of wear growth and the sensitiveness and dependence of interaction phenomena between the tool-work pair.

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