Blade Faults Diagnosis in Power Generation Gas Turbines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Hee Lim ◽  
Salman Leong ◽  
Kar Hoou Hui
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

This paper presents a case study in managing the dilemma of whether to resume or stop the operation of a power generation gas turbine with suspected blade faults. Vibration analysis is undertaken on the vibration signal of the gas turbine, to obtain an insight into the health condition of the blades before any decision is made on the operation of the machine. Statistical analysis is applied to study the characteristics of the highly unstable blade pass frequency (BPF) of the gas turbine and to establish the baseline data used for blade fault assessment and diagnosis. Based on the excessive increase observed on specific BPF amplitudes in comparison to the statistical baseline data, rubbing at the compressor blade is suspected. An immediate overhaul is therefore warranted, and the results from the inspection of the machine confirm the occurrence of severe rubbing at the compressor blades and labyrinth glands of the gas turbine. In conclusion, statistical analysis of BPF amplitude is found to be a viable tool for blade fault diagnosis in industrial gas turbines.

Adaptive Control of Microgas Turbine for Engine Degradation Compensation

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Zaccaria ◽  
Mario L. Ferrari ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianidis
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Microgas turbine (MGT) engines in the range of 1–100 kW are playing a key role in distributed generation applications, due to the high reliability and quick load following that favor their integration with intermittent renewable sources. Micro-combined heat and power (CHP) systems based on gas turbine technology are obtaining a higher share in the market and are aiming at reducing the costs and increasing energy conversion efficiency. An effective control of system operating parameters during the whole engine lifetime is essential to maintain desired performance and at the same time guarantee safe operations. Because of the necessity to reduce the costs, fewer sensors are usually available than in standard industrial gas turbines, limiting the choice of control parameters. This aspect is aggravated by engine aging and deterioration phenomena that change operating performance from the expected one. In this situation, a control architecture designed for healthy operations may not be adequate anymore, because the relationship between measured parameters and unmeasured variables (e.g., turbine inlet temperature (TIT) or efficiency) varies depending on the level of engine deterioration. In this work, an adaptive control scheme is proposed to compensate the effects of engine degradation over the lifetime. Component degradation level is monitored by a diagnostic tool that estimates performance variations from the available measurements; then, the information on the gas turbine health condition is used by an observer-based model predictive controller to maintain the machine in a safe range of operation and limit the reduction in system efficiency.

Requirements for Gas Turbine Inlet Systems in Russia

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagir R. Nigmatulin ◽  
Vladimir E. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Inlet System ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Russian power generation, oil and gas businesses are rapidly growing. Installation of new industrial gas turbines is booming to fulfill the demand from economic growth. Russia is a unique country from the annual temperature variation point of view. Some regions may reach up to 100C. One of the biggest challenges for world producers of gas turbines in Russia is the ability to operate products at power plants during cold winters, when ambient temperature might be −60C for a couple of weeks in a row. The reliability and availability of the equipment during the cold season is very critical. Design of inlet systems and filter houses for the Russian market, specifically for northern regions, has a lot of specifics and engineering challenges. Joint Stock Company CKTI is the biggest Russian supplier of air intake systems for industrial gas turbines and axial-flow compressors. In 1969 this enterprise designed and installed the first inlet for the power plant Dagskaya GRES (State Regional Electric Power Plant) with the first 100MW gas-turbine which was designed and manufactured by LMZ. Since the late 1960s CKTI has designed and manufactured inlet systems for the world market and been the main supplier for the Russian market. During the last two years CKTI has designed inlet systems for a broad variety of gas turbine engines ranging from 24MW up to 110MW turbines which are used for power generation and as a mechanical drive for the oil and gas industry. CKTI inlet systems with filtering devices or houses are successfully used in different climate zones including the world’s coldest city Yakutsk and hot Nigeria. CKTI has established CTQs (Critical to quality) and requirements for industrial gas turbine inlet systems which will be installed in Russia in different climate zones for all types of energy installations. The last NPI project of the inlet system, including a nonstandard layout, was done for a small gas-turbine engine which is installed on a railway cart. This arrangement is designed to clean railway lines with the exhaust jet in a quarry during the winter. The design of the inlet system with efficient multistage compressor extraction for deicing, dust and snow resistance has an interesting solution. The detailed description of challenges, weather requirements, calculations, losses, and design methodologies to qualify the system for tough requirements, are described in the paper.

scholarly journals Industrial Gas Turbine Performance: Compressor Fouling and On-Line Washing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyioghosa Igie ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Dimitrios Fouflias ◽  
Kenneth Ramsden ◽  
Panagiotis Laskaridis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Industrial gas turbines are susceptible to compressor fouling, which is the deposition and accretion of airborne particles or contaminants on the compressor blades. This paper demonstrates the blade aerodynamic effects of fouling through experimental compressor cascade tests and the accompanied engine performance degradation using turbomatch, an in-house gas turbine performance software. Similarly, on-line compressor washing is implemented taking into account typical operating conditions comparable with industry high pressure washing. The fouling study shows the changes in the individual stage maps of the compressor in this condition, the impact of degradation during part-load, influence of control variables, and the identification of key parameters to ascertain fouling levels. Applying demineralized water for 10 min, with a liquid-to-air ratio of 0.2%, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is shown to improve, however most of the cleaning effect occurred in the first 5 min. The most effectively washed part of the blade was the pressure side, in which most of the particles deposited during the accelerated fouling. The simulation of fouled and washed engine conditions indicates 30% recovery of the lost power due to washing.

An analytical approach to predicting particle deposit by fouling in the axial compressor of the industrial gas turbine

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
T W Song ◽  
J L Sohn ◽  
T S Kim ◽  
J H Kim ◽  
S T Ro
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Particle Distributions ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Physical Phenomena

The gas turbine performance deteriorates with increased operating hours. Fouling in the axial compressor is an important factor for the performance degradation of gas turbines. Airborne particles entering the compressor with the air adhere to the blade surface and result in the change of the blade shape, which directly influences the compressor performance. It is difficult to exactly understand the mechanism of compressor fouling because of its slow growth and different length scales of compressor blades. In this study, an analytical method to predict the particle motion in the axial compressor and the characteristics of particle deposition onto blade is proposed as an approach to investigating physical phenomena of fouling in the axial compressor of industrial gas turbines. Calculated results using the proposed method and comparison with measured data demonstrate the feasibility of the model. It was also found that design parameters of the axial compressor such as chord length, solidity, and number of stages are closely related to the fouling phenomena. Likewise, the particle size and patterns of particle distributions are also important factors related to fouling phenomena in the axial compressor.

The History of the Siemens Gas Turbine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Diakunchak ◽  
Hans Juergen Kiesow ◽  
Gerald McQuiggan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
History Of

Siemens gas turbine history can be traced back to the early years of World War II. The Westinghouse aero jet engine (J 30) and the Junkers JUMO 004 jet engine were the basis for the industrial gas turbines designed and manufactured by Westinghouse and Siemens / Kraftwerk-Union since World War II. KWU was formed in 1969 as a joint venture of AEG and Siemens and became wholly owned by Siemens in 1977. AEG worked with Junkers on the development of the Jumo 004 jet engine during the War. Westinghouse Power Generation was purchased by Siemens in 1998. This paper examines the history of those early gas turbines and traces the evolution of the modern Siemens gas turbine from that time. Details are also given of the latest Siemens gas turbine to enter into operation, the 340MW SGT5-8000H.

A Summary of Allison Gas Turbine’s Marine Experience

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Weisert
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Marine Application ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Allison Gas Turbine Division of General Motors Corporation has manufactured industrial gas turbines for nearly 30 years and marine gas turbines for nearly 20 years. Allison marine gas turbines have been produced in both the 501-K and 570/571-K engine product lines. Each Allison marine application provided unique challenges to a successful installation. This paper will describe the major Allison marine propulsion and power generation installations, and will discuss the challenges presented by, and solutions for, each project.

Application of Nonlinear Time Series Principles to Assess Power Generation Gas Turbine Health

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany Bassily ◽  
John Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nonlinear Time Series ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Operating Data

Nonlinear time series concepts may be applied to assess the health condition of dynamic systems for which their operating data is neither Gaussian nor periodic. The principles of phase space geometry suit the dynamic behavior exhibited during transient and non-stationary operating modes. In this paper, two strategies are presented to evaluate the dynamic behavior of power generating natural gas turbines based on the phase space properties. Recurrence analysis allows methods to be developed that are suitable for many dynamic systems. The evaluation of extensive operating data for a simple cycle power generating gas turbine was performed to assess the health condition, and to evaluate the performance of equipment clusters in a power generation plant. The analytical results obtained from this implementation, along with the main conclusions drawn regarding the health condition of the machines, demonstrates the opportunity for system diagnostics.

Predicting Flameholding for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Flames at Gas Turbine Premixer Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Sullivan-Lewis ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Transient Events ◽  
Significant Effort

Lean-premixed gas turbines are now common devices for low emissions stationary power generation. By creating a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air upstream of the combustion chamber, temperature variations are reduced within the combustor, which reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides. However, by premixing fuel and air, a potentially flammable mixture is established in a part of the engine not designed to contain a flame. If the flame propagates upstream from the combustor (flashback), significant engine damage can result. While significant effort has been put into developing flashback resistant combustors, these combustors are only capable of preventing flashback during steady operation of the engine. Transient events (e.g., auto-ignition within the premixer and pressure spikes during ignition) can trigger flashback that cannot be prevented with even the best combustor design. In these cases, preventing engine damage requires designing premixers that will not allow a flame to be sustained. Experimental studies were conducted to determine under what conditions premixed flames of hydrogen and natural gas can be anchored in a simulated gas turbine premixer. Tests have been conducted at pressures up to 9 atm, temperatures up to 750 K, and freestream velocities between 20 and 100 m/s. Flames were anchored in the wakes of features typical of premixer passageways, including cylinders, steps, and airfoils. The results of this study have been used to develop an engineering tool that predicts under what conditions a flame will anchor, and can be used for development of flame anchoring resistant gas turbine premixers.

A Comparison Between ORC and Supercritical CO2 Bottoming Cycles For Energy Recovery From Industrial Gas Turbines Exhaust Gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ancona ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
L. Branchini ◽  
A. De Pascale ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Gas turbines are often employed in the industrial field, especially for remote generation, typically required by oil and gas production and transport facilities. The huge amount of discharged heat could be profitably recovered in bottoming cycles, producing electric power to help satisfying the onerous on-site energy demand. The present work aims at systematically evaluating thermodynamic performance of ORC and supercritical CO2 energy systems as bottomer cycles of different small/medium size industrial gas turbine models, with different power rating. The Thermoflex software, providing the GT PRO gas turbine library, has been used to model the machines performance. ORC and CO2 systems specifics have been chosen in line with industrial products, experience and technological limits. In the case of pure electric production, the results highlight that the ORC configuration shows the highest plant net electric efficiency. The average increment in the overall net electric efficiency is promising for both the configurations (7 and 11 percentage points, respectively if considering supercritical CO2 or ORC as bottoming solution). Concerning the cogenerative performance, the CO2 system exhibits at the same time higher electric efficiency and thermal efficiency, if compared to ORC system, being equal the installed topper gas turbine model. The ORC scarce performance is due to the high condensing pressure, imposed by the temperature required by the thermal user. CO2 configuration presents instead very good cogenerative performance with thermal efficiency comprehended between 35 % and 46 % and the PES value range between 10 % and 22 %. Finally, analyzing the relationship between capital cost and components size, it is estimated that the ORC configuration could introduce an economical saving with respect to the CO2 configuration.

Development and Integration of the Dual Fuel Combustion System for the MGT Gas Turbine Family

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ćosić ◽  
Frank Reiss ◽  
Marc Blümer ◽  
Christian Frekers ◽  
Franklin Genin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Industrial gas turbines like the MGT6000 are often operated as power supply or as mechanical drives. In these applications, liquid fuels like 'Diesel Fuel No.2' can be used either as main fuel or as backup fuel if natural gas is not reliably available. The MAN Gas Turbines (MGT) operate with the Advanced Can Combustion (ACC) system, which is capable of ultra-low NOx emissions for gaseous fuels. This system has been further developed to provide dry dual fuel capability. In the present paper, we describe the design and detailed experimental validation process of the liquid fuel injection, and its integration into the gas turbine package. A central lance with an integrated two-stage nozzle is employed as a liquid pilot stage, enabling ignition and start-up of the engine on liquid fuel only. The pilot stage is continuously operated, whereas the bulk of the liquid fuel is injected through the premixed combustor stage. The premixed stage comprises a set of four decentralized nozzles based on fluidic oscillator atomizers, wherein atomization of the liquid fuel is achieved through self-induced oscillations. We present results illustrating the spray, hydrodynamic, and emission performance of the injectors. Extensive testing of the burner at atmospheric and full load high-pressure conditions has been performed, before verification within full engine tests. We show the design of the fuel supply and distribution system. Finally, we discuss the integration of the dual fuel system into the standard gas turbine package of the MGT6000.

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