New Development of Control Method of Shaking Table With Bi-Linear Structures

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Shimizu ◽  
Yuichirou Shinohara ◽  
Eiji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Test Model ◽  
And Control

The Hanshin-Awaji earthquake disaster occurred in Kobe area of Japan in 1995. Considering the lessons learned from the disaster of this earthquake, Japanese government has decided to construct a three-dimensional Full Scale Earthquake Testing Facility. It is now being constructed under the supervision of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED). The purpose of this shaking table is to conduct fracturing tests rather than elastic vibration tests for full scale structures. In the tests, the classical operation and control procedure for shaking table such as the trial excitation cannot be effectively applied to this shaking table, because dynamic property of the test structure varies with the progress of fracturing. Therefore, the development of a new operation and control method for the shaking table is the urgent research subject. In this study, firstly, we studied dynamic interaction behaviors of the shaking table with a bi-linear test model. Secondly, to reduce the interaction from the motion of the shaking table, the Minimal Control Synthesis (MCS) algorithm was newly introduced into the conventional control (CC) system. This paper deals with the efficacy of the MCS algorithm through the simulations and experiments using the two dimensional small scale shaking table with a bi-linear model structure.

C16 Shaking Table Tests of Full-scale Medical Facility Test Model against Earthquake

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009.11 (0) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
Eiji SATO ◽  
Kouichi KAJIWARA ◽  
Takahito INOUE ◽  
Kunio FUKUYAMA ◽  
Hiranobu SAKAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Medical Facility ◽  
Shaking Table Tests

Design and operating experiences of municipal MBRs in Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2319-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Itokawa ◽  
C. Thiemig ◽  
J. Pinnekamp
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Membrane Unit ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control

The number of membrane bioreactor (MBR) installations is increasing worldwide, not only for small-scale industrial WWTPs but also for larger-scale municipal WWTPs. In Europe, MBR has been installed in municipal WWTPs since late 1990s, and more than 100 full-scale plants are operated at the moment. In this paper, present state of European municipal MBRs is described in terms of design and operating conditions, as well as operating problems and their solutions, based on the information collected from 17 full-scale WWTPs by interview and questionnaire survey. Decisive factors of MBR installation at these plants were footprint and effluent quality. Full-aerobic and pre-denitrification were the most common reactor configurations, nearly half of them being equipped with independent filtration tanks. Operating conditions of bioreactor and filtration, including membrane flux and cleaning strategy, were different from plant to plant, as a result of plant-specific optimization experiences, even among the similar type of membrane. Operating problems specific for MBR were reported, including blocking/failure of pre-screen, sludging/hair-clogging of membrane, damage on membrane unit, air in permeate pipes, as well as conventional troubles including occurrence of scum and initial trouble in instrumentation and control systems. Aspects for further optimization of MBR design were also pointed out by the operators.

Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Sloshing Wave Force Caused by Dynamic Loads in Liquid Tanks

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Kabiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nikoomanesh ◽  
Pouya Nouraei Danesh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Goudarzi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Wave Force ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solid Boundary ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Liquid Storage

Proper evaluation of forces exerted on a solid boundary by liquid sloshing is difficult. If the free board in a liquid storage tank is insufficient, the sloshing waves caused by seismic excitation will collide with the tank roof and may cause major damage. The current study investigated the sloshing wave impact force (SWIF) in full-scale liquid storage tanks using numerical simulation based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Several shaking table tests have been conducted on a small-scale rectangular tank to validate the numerical model. The results of a standard dam break test have been used to express the validity of the proposed numerical model. This comparison confirms the validity of the numerical strategy for simulating the effect of sloshing. After validating the numerical model, it has been applied to a practical parametric study of SWIF in full-scale liquid tanks. The results of numerical simulation indicate that the simplified method recommended by related codes and standards for calculating SWIF in liquid tanks significantly underestimates the sloshing force. This confirms that the dynamic nature of sloshing should be considered in the design process of liquid storage tanks.

scholarly journals Perancangan Dinamometer Skala Kecil untuk Pengujian Karakteristik Gesek Bahan Blok Rem Kereta Api

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Rizal Akhmad Bukhori ◽  
Eko Surojo ◽  
Nurul Muhayat
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Embodiment Design ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Original Size ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Brake Block

The brake blocks are components of the railway braking system that are useful for reducing speed or stopping the railway. In the development of railway brake block material needs a device that capable of testing the characteristics of the brake block material. One of the important characteristics of the brake block material is the frictional characteristic. The method of testing the frictional characteristics of existing brake blocks include using the pin on disc method, direct testing on the railway and using a full-scale dynamometer. The full-scale dynamometer has advantages than other methods because it can test specimens according to the actual railway braking conditions in a short time and less preparations. However, with the same specimen size as the original, the cost of making the specimen and the full-scale dynamometer become expensive. Therefore, to reduce the cost of making device and test specimens, this study will design the dynamometer small-scale brake block testing. This paper use Pahl and Beitz design method which divides the design into four stages: clarification of the task, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detail design. This dynamometer is designed by considering function designs, structures, and forces that are adapted to the brake block contact pressure according to the original conditions. This dynamometer is designed to vary material, wheel speed, and contact presssure with the output of measurement of friction coefficient of brake block material. Brake block test specimens have a reduced size with a 1: 4 scale from their original size. The results obtained from this research are engineering drawings and dynamometer test model of railway braking.

Alternative Control Design Approach to Shaking Facilities for Re-Creating Seismic Motion

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Sato ◽  
Tomoyoshi Kakegawa ◽  
Taku Suzuki ◽  
Koichi Kajiwara ◽  
Yasutaka Tagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom

The 3-D Full-Scale Earthquake Testing Facility (E-Defense) is now under construction in Miki City near Kobe. When completed, the facility will have a 750-ton shaking table measuring 20m by 15m, with a maximum load mass of 1200 tons. It will be able to create vibration in three dimensions with six degrees of freedom. However, the test model considered for this facility has a mass of 1200 tons compared to the shaking table mass of 750 tons, i.e., 1.6 times as heavy as the shaking table and much larger than ordinary test models. In addition, the vibration characteristics change considerably during the experiment due to the damage done to the test weight. Therefore, a better control design is urgently needed in order to overcome these problems. This research suggests a control method that will reproduce the earthquake wave accurately on the shaking table and will consider the robustness. Moreover, we will verify its efficiency by performing a control experiment using an existing two–dimensional, three-degree-of-freedom small shaking table, to which this control method is applied.

Theoretical Study on Similarity Relation of Small Scale Subgrade Shaking Table Test Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 3354-3360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bei Li ◽  
Hong Ru Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Calculation Result ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Similarity Relation ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Model

Shaking table test is an important method to study seismic performance of geotechnical structures. Processing the similarity relation and deducing the response of original mold correctly are very important. Based on similarity theory, the paper adopts a dimensional analysis method to solve almost all similar constants, and provides a practical method on designing subgrade model of shaking table test. During the model designing process, several basic similar constants are defined at first and other main similar constants are obtained according to the basic similar constants. This method is applied in practical earthquake simulated shaking table test. Partial results are compared with the theoretical calculation result. The experimental result which is in concordance to the theoretical calculation result can reflect the seismic response rules of subgrade correctly. So the practical designing method is feasible.

Experimental Study on Shaking Table Control Using Adaptive Control

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Shinohara ◽  
Nobuyuki Shimizu ◽  
Eiji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Testing Facility

The full-scale earthquake testing facility (large-scale shaking table), which is now being constructed by the Japanese government, requires stable and precise control for conducting satisfactory dynamical fracturing tests of structure model. We had ended the experimental study of enhancing control by using a small-scale shaking table, and then started the experimental study of enhancing control by using a medium-scale shaking table. A final goal of the series of the study is to obtain a guideline of enhancing control for the experiment by using the large-scale shaking table. In this paper, the Minimal Control Synthesis (MCS) is applied to a shaking table-test control. The MCS has been implemented in the controller design for the experiments of the small-scale and the medium-scale shaking table and proved to be effective for enhancing shaking table control by the experiments. This paper reports the results of the control experiments.

Perencanaan Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Pakaian Bayi dengan Metode Six Sigma Pada CV. AGP

JEMAP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertus Reynaldo Kurniawan ◽  
Bayu Prestianto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Machine Maintenance ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Break Time ◽  
And Control

Quality control becomes an important key for companies in suppressing the number of defective produced products. Six Sigma is a quality control method that aims to minimize defective products to the lowest point or achieve operational performance with a sigma value of 6 with only yielding 3.4 defective products of 1 million product. Stages of Six Sigma method starts from the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) stages that help the company in improving quality and continuous improvement. Based on the results of research on baby clothes products, data in March 2018 the percentage of defective products produced reached 1.4% exceeding 1% tolerance limit, with a Sigma value of 4.14 meaning a possible defect product of 4033.39 opportunities per million products. In the pareto diagram there were 5 types of CTQ (Critical to Quality) such as oblique obras, blobor screen printing, there is a fabric / head cloth code on the final product, hollow fabric / thin fabric fiber, and dirty cloth. The factors caused quality problems such as Manpower, Materials, Environtment, and Machine. Suggestion for consideration of company improvement was continuous improvement on every existing quality problem like in Manpower factor namely improving comprehension, awareness of employees in producing quality product and improve employee's accuracy, Strength Quality Control and give break time. Materials by making the method of cutting the fabric head, the Machine by scheduling machine maintenance and the provision of needle containers at each employees desk sewing and better environtment by installing exhaust fan and renovating the production room.

An Efficient Approach for Modeling and Control of a Quadrotor

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Khusheef
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Close Loop Control ◽  
Close Loop Control System ◽  
Made In

 A quadrotor is a four-rotor aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing, hovering, forward flight, and having great maneuverability. Its platform can be made in a small size make it convenient for indoor applications as well as for outdoor uses. In model there are four input forces that are essentially the thrust provided by each propeller attached to each motor with a fixed angle. The quadrotor is basically considered an unstable system because of the aerodynamic effects; consequently, a close-loop control system is required to achieve stability and autonomy. Such system must enable the quadrotor to reach the desired attitude as fast as possible without any steady state error. In this paper, an optimal controller is designed based on a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control method to obtain stability in flying the quadrotor. The dynamic model of this vehicle will be also explained by using Euler-Newton method. The mechanical design was performed along with the design of the controlling algorithm. Matlab Simulink was used to test and analyze the performance of the proposed control strategy. The experimental results on the quadrotor demonstrated the effectiveness of the methodology used.

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