Multi-Purpose Avionics Core Element: Using Digital Materials and Advanced Manufacturing to Rapidly Develop Cube Satellite Subsystems and Components

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hartney ◽  
Elwood Agasid ◽  
Sarah Hovsepian
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Peripheral Component Interconnect ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost

The NASA Ames Research Center (NASA Ames) Center Chief Technologist (CCT) Office sponsors the Advanced Digital Materials and Manufacturing for Space (ADMMS) Initiative, which focuses on advanced manufacturing technologies for space, including identifying several target products, areas and applications, approaches for advanced manufacturing, mechanisms for collaboration, and complementary facilities. The pilot project for this initiative is the Multi-Purpose Avionics Core Element (M-PACE). The primary goal of M-PACE is to demonstrate advanced manufacturing techniques, such as additive manufacturing and Digital Materials, to minimize the cost of cube satellites and increase their modularity. M-PACE will be designed and built at the NASA Ames’ SpaceShop, which is a state-of-the-art advanced manufacturing facility built for NASA researchers to formulate ideas for projects. The final products of M-PACE are several completed side panels of a one-unit (1U) (10 cm cube) cube satellite prototype built using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, which will show the basic functionality of the internal payload by connecting it to the side panels for power and other subsystem capabilities. Within the structure, we are investigating the use of Digital Materials, which are universal building materials with the ability to increase precision and ease of assembly and disassembly of three dimensional (3D) objects. M-PACE will use COTS power systems and open-source hardware and software to distribute data through Ethernet through the use of snap-fit card connectors. Similar to Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Express cards, we envision the spacecraft subsystems and payloads to be on a PC104-like board that will slide into the side panel connectors to enable distribution of power and data. This design has the potential to greatly reduce the cost of Cube Satellite testing and integration due to the absence of wires and ease of access to internal boards for any necessary modifications.

Additive Manufacturing: The Next Generation of Scapholunate Ligament Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew N. Rush ◽  
Christina Salas ◽  
Lorraine Mottishaw ◽  
Damian Fountain ◽  
Deana Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bone Interface ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Efficient Integration ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Abstract Background Ligament reconstruction, as a surgical method used to stabilize joints, requires significant strength and tissue anchoring to restore function. Historically, reconstructive materials have been fraught with problems from an inability to withstand normal physiological loads to difficulties in fabricating the complex organization structure of native tissue at the ligament-to-bone interface. In combination, these factors have prevented the successful realization of nonautograft reconstruction. Methods A review of recent improvements in additive manufacturing techniques and biomaterials highlight possible options for ligament replacement. Description of Technique In combination, three dimensional-printing and electrospinning have begun to provide for nonautograft options that can meet the physiological load and architectures of native tissues; however, a combination of manufacturing methods is needed to allow for bone-ligament enthesis. Hybrid biofabrication of bone-ligament tissue scaffolds, through the simultaneous deposition of disparate materials, offer significant advantages over fused manufacturing methods which lack efficient integration between bone and ligament materials. Results In this review, we discuss the important chemical and biological properties of ligament enthesis and describe recent advancements in additive manufacturing to meet mechanical and biological requirements for a successful bone–ligament–bone interface. Conclusions With continued advancement of additive manufacturing technologies and improved biomaterial properties, tissue engineered bone-ligament scaffolds may soon enter the clinical realm.

scholarly journals Avaliação de Desempenho do Processo de Manufatura do Café

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Morais ◽  
R. Massa ◽  
E. Tavares ◽  
E. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Globalization and advanced manufacturing technologies have forced manufacturing firms to increase productivity while reducing costs. At the same time, customers are increasingly demanding better products considering tangi- ble (e.g., smell, color, taste) and intangible (e.g., mark, fair treading, and envi- ronmental responsability) attributes. Currently, Brazil consolidates a position as the largest producer and exporter of coffee, accounting for 30% of the inter- national coffee market. This paper presents a stochastic model for performance evaluation and planning of coffee manufacturing process aiming at reducing the cost and time of the production cycle. An industrial case study shows the practical usability of the proposed models and techniques.

POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES USED FOR PROCESSING POLYMER COMPONENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Rohit Pandey, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Layer Manufacturing ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Polymer

In previous years, the usage of additive layer processing grew considerably. Different companies, including motor cars, aerospace, equipment, communications and medical devices utilize additional layer production. However, at present, processed additive layer products comprise less than one percent of all items manufactured. If the prices of additive layer processing systems decline, the manner in which customers communicate with suppliers will be modified. Additional development layer innovations provide the market and culture with different possibilities. It will make the personalized development of strong lightweight goods simpler, and prototypes that with past manufacturing techniques were not feasible. However, the application of this device may be hampered and delayed by numerous obstacles. Many situations require higher costs than conventional approaches for making a component utilizing additive layer production techniques. This study reviews the cost literature for the development of additive layer and attempts to recognize situations in which additive production may be cost-effective and also to identify new methods of minimizing costs in the usage of this technology                       

A review of biomaterials scaffold fabrication in additive manufacturing for tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Mei Shick ◽  
Aini Zuhra Abdul Kadir ◽  
Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman ◽  
Azanizawati Ma’aram
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scaffold Fabrication ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The current developments in three-dimensional printing also referred as “additive manufacturing” have transformed the scenarios for modern manufacturing and engineering design processes which show greatest advantages for the fabrication of complex structures such as scaffold for tissue engineering. This review aims to introduce additive manufacturing techniques in tissue engineering, types of biomaterials used in scaffold fabrication, as well as in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Biomaterials and fabrication methods could critically affect the outcomes of scaffold mechanical properties, design architectures, and cell proliferations. In addition, an ideal scaffold aids the efficiency of cell proliferation and allows the movements of cell nutrient inside the human body with their specific material properties. This article provides comprehensive review that covers broad range of all the biomaterial types using various additive manufacturing technologies. The data were extracted from 2008 to 2018 mostly from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using keywords such as “Additive Manufacturing,” “3D Printing,” “Tissue Engineering,” “Biomaterial” and “Scaffold.” A 10 years research in this area was found to be mostly focused toward obtaining an ideal scaffold by investigating the fabrication strategies, biomaterials compatibility, scaffold design effectiveness through computer-aided design modeling, and optimum printing machine parameters identification. As a conclusion, this ideal scaffold fabrication can be obtained with the combination of different materials that could enhance the material properties which performed well in optimum additive manufacturing condition. Yet, there are still many challenges from the printing methods, bioprinting and cell culturing that needs to be discovered and investigated in the future.

scholarly journals Interdigital Capacitive Sensor for Cable Insulation Defect Detection: Three-Dimensional Modeling, Design, and Experimental Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bing Luo ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Fuzeng Zhang ◽  
Yibin Lin ◽  
Chaozhi Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Cable Insulation ◽  
Air Gaps ◽  
Insulation Defect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Due to excellent electrical and mechanical properties, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables are widely used in power systems. Poor manufacturing techniques in the production and installation of cable joints will cause insulation defects. The interdigital capacitive (IDC) sensor has advantages of simple structure and non-contact with the center conductor and shows great potential for online monitoring on XLPE cables. This paper focuses on the 3D modeling of a fully covered IDC sensor for cable insulation detection. Firstly, a 3D finite element model of the sensor is built, and the electric field distributions are compared with those of the partially covered sensor. For the sensor with more electrode pairs, the sensitivity increases with the sensor length and tends to saturate at the length of 5 cm, while the sensitivity remains constant for the sensor with fewer electrode pairs. Then, the differences between 3D and 2D results are discussed and the sensor parameters are optimized to reduce the influence of the fringe capacitance. The simulation results indicate that air gaps between the sensor and XLPE cable are the main reason of the difference between simulation and experiment. When the electrode width is equal to the gap width, the effects of both the fringing electric field and air gaps are relatively small. Finally, several types of sensors are made and used to detect the cable joint with and without the stress cone dislocation under different excitation voltage frequency. The results show that the measured capacitance decreases with frequency and the capacitance of the cable joint with the defects is smaller than that of the normal cable joint.

scholarly journals Laser-based three-dimensional manufacturing technologies for rechargeable batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Moldovan ◽  
Jaeyoo Choi ◽  
Youngwoo Choo ◽  
Won-Sik Kim ◽  
Yoon Hwa
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Rechargeable Battery ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Cell Manufacturing ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

AbstractLaser three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing technologies have gained substantial attention to fabricate 3D structured electrochemical rechargeable batteries. Laser 3D manufacturing techniques offer excellent 3D microstructure controllability, good design flexibility, process simplicity, and high energy and cost efficiencies, which are beneficial for rechargeable battery cell manufacturing. In this review, notable progress in development of the rechargeable battery cells via laser 3D manufacturing techniques is introduced and discussed. The basic concepts and remarkable achievements of four representative laser 3D manufacturing techniques such as selective laser sintering (or melting) techniques, direct laser writing for graphene-based electrodes, laser-induced forward transfer technique and laser ablation subtractive manufacturing are highlighted. Finally, major challenges and prospects of the laser 3D manufacturing technologies for battery cell manufacturing will be provided.

scholarly journals Rapid prototyping model for the manufacturing by thermoforming of occlusal splints

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jiménez ◽  
L. Romero ◽  
M. Domínguez ◽  
M.M. Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Occlusal Splints ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Purpose – This paper aims to present an optimal prototyping technology for the manufacture of occlusal splints. Design/methodology/approach – To carry out this study, a comparative technique was used to analyze models obtained by different prototyping techniques. Subsequently, further tests were carried out with respect to the manufacturing of splints by means of thermoforming in a vacuum. This involved an analysis of the most important variables such as prototype material, geometric accuracy, surface finish and costs. Findings – It was found that there is a group of prototyping technologies that are suitable for the manufacture of the models used in the thermoforming of correction splints, the most appropriate technologies being based on ink jet printing (IJP-Objet), ultraviolet photo polymerization and fused deposition modelling due to the fact that they offer an optimal relationship between the cost and the quality of the model required for thermoforming. Practical implications – The application of rapid prototyping techniques in medicine makes the production of physical models from three-dimensional medical image processing and their subsequent use in different specialties possible. It also makes preoperative planning processes, the production of prostheses and the preparation of surgical templates possible, thereby offering a higher quality of diagnosis, safer surgery and cost and time savings compared to conventional manufacturing technologies. Originality/value – This paper suggests that there exists a group of prototyping technologies for the manufacture of splints that offer advantages over existing technologies. The results also suggest that, in many cases, the most expensive technology is not the most appropriate: there are other options that provide an optimal model in terms of the cost and the quality needed for thermoforming.

scholarly journals Investigation of Additively Manufactured Wind Tunnel Models with Integrated Pressure Taps for Vortex Flow Analysis

Aerospace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Moioli ◽  
Christopher Reinbold ◽  
Kaare Sørensen ◽  
Christian Breitsamter
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Tunnel Model ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Swept Wings

Wind tunnel models are traditionally machined from high-quality metal material; this condition reduces the possibility to test different geometric variations or models as it corresponds to incremental cost. In the last decade, the quality of additive manufacturing techniques has been progressively increasing, while the cost has been decreasing. The utilization of 3D-printing techniques suggests the possibility to improve the cost, time, and flexibility of a wind tunnel model production. Possible disadvantages in terms of quality of the model finishing, stiffness, and geometric accuracy are investigated, to understand if the production technique is capable of providing a suitable test device. Additionally, pressure taps for steady surface pressure measurements are integrated during the printing procedure and the production of complex three-dimensional highly swept wings have been selected as targets. Computational fluid dynamics tools are exploited to confirm the experimental results in accordance with the best practice approaches characterizing flow patterns dominated by leading-edge vortices. The fidelity level of the experimental data for scientific research of the described flow fields is investigated. An insight of the most important guidelines and the possible improvements is provided as well as the main features of the approach.

scholarly journals Concept and design of extended hybrid laminar flow control suction panels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Traub ◽  
Johannes Wolff ◽  
Siby Jose ◽  
Lennart Lobitz ◽  
Martin Schollerer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
System Complexity ◽  
One Step ◽  
Aerodynamic Test ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Laminar Flow Control ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Fully laminar aircraft are one step towards reaching eco-efficient aviation. However, high system complexity and significant manufacturing effort prevent the wide usage of existing laminarisation concepts such as laminar flow control, which are rarely found in commercial aircraft. Hybrid laminar flow control concepts reduce the manufacturing effort significantly at the cost of only achieving partial laminar flow. This paper presents extended hybrid laminar flow control concepts for fully laminar wings, with reduced system complexity. A detailed study of structural and aerodynamic requirements provides the foundation for partial design solutions of active suction structures. The authors derive two concepts for active suction panels from the structural design space. While the first concept relies on state of the art manufacturing techniques, the focus of the second concept is on additive manufacturing technologies. Based on these concepts, it is feasible to design fully laminar wings with structurally integrated active suction systems. The authors propose an aerodynamic test strategy for further developing extended hybrid laminar flow control.

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