Nonlinear Dynamics of a Special Piezoelectric Energy Harvester With a Special Bistable Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hui Yao ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jian Yu Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Layer ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomenon ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever

This paper presents a special piezoelectric energy harvester system which is obtained by separating the end of the upper piezoelectric layer of the traditional piezoelectric cantilever beam from its basic layer. A mass I is located at the end of the separated upper piezoelectric layer (SUPL), a mass II and a permanent magnet I are located at the end of the separated lower piezoelectric beam (SLPB) and a permanent magnet II is added in the opposite position of the permanent magnet I and they face each other with same polarities. A nonlinear magnetic force which can broaden the frequency bandwidth of the system is generated mutually on the two permanent magnets. Studies find that this special piezoelectric energy harvester has extremely high energy capture efficiency. In order to further explore the reason of high efficiency, experimental research on its dynamic behavior is carried out. The experimental results show that the vibrations of the SUPL and the SLPB are relatively simple. The dynamic behaviors of the SUPL, the SLPB and the unseparated part are different. The unseparated part of the piezoelectric shows relatively complex nonlinear phenomenon due to the interaction of nonlinear magnetic force and the collision. With the increase of the external excitation frequency, period doubling motion and almost periodic motion appear alternately.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Cantilevered Piezoelectric Energy Harvester in Different Orientations for Rotational Motion

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Jiun Su ◽  
Jia-Han Lin ◽  
Wei-Chang Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Tip Mass

This paper investigates a piezoelectric energy harvester that consists of a piezoelectric cantilever and a tip mass for horizontal rotational motion. Rotational motion results in centrifugal force, which causes the axial load on the beam and alters the resonant frequency of the system. The piezoelectric energy harvester is installed on a rotational hub in three orientations—inward, outward, and tilted configurations—to examine their influence on the performance of the harvester. The theoretical model of the piezoelectric energy harvester is developed to explain the dynamics of the system and experiments are conducted to validate the model. Theoretical and experimental studies are presented with various tilt angles and distances between the harvester and the rotating center. The results show that the installation distance and the tilt angle can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the system to match the excitation frequency.

Performance Analysis of Varied Dimensions Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Bibi Nadia Taib ◽  
Norhayati Sabani ◽  
Chan Buan Fei ◽  
Mazlee Mazalan ◽  
Mohd Azarulsani Md Azidin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever

Thin film piezoelectric material plays a vital role in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), due to its low power requirements and the availability of high energy harvesting. Zinc oxide is selected for piezoelectric material because of its high piezoelectric coupling coefficient, easy to deposit on silicon substrate and excellent adhesion. Deposited ZnO and Al improve the electrical properties, electrical conductivity and thermal stability. The design, fabrication and experimental test of fabricated MEMS piezoelectric cantilever beams operating in d33 mode were presented in this paper. PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) was selected as the deposition method for aluminium while spincoating was chosen to deposit ZnO thin film. The piezoelectric cantilever beam is arranged with self-developed experimental setup consisting of DC motor and oscilloscope. Based on experimental result, the longer length of piezoelectric cantilever beam produce higher output voltage at oscilloscope. The piezoelectric cantilevers generated output voltages which were from 2.2 mV to 8.8 mV at 50 Hz operation frequency. One of four samples achieved in range of desired output voltage, 1-3 mV and the rest samples produced a higher output voltage. The output voltage is adequate for a very low power wireless sensing nodes as a substitute energy source to classic batteries.

Nonlinear Characteristics for Rotatable Magnetically Coupling Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Shengxi Zhou ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Frequency Excitation

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a magnetically coupled piezoelectric energy harvesters under low frequency excitation, where the angle of external magnetic field is adjustable. The nonlinear dynamic equation with the identified nonlinear magnetic force is derived to describe the electromechanical interaction of variable inclination angle harvesters. The effect of excitation amplitude and frequency on dynamic behavior is proposed by using the phase trajectory and bifurcation diagram. The numerical analysis shows that a rotatable magnetically coupling energy harvesting system exhibits rich nonlinear characteristics with the change of external magnet inclination angle. The nonlinear route to and from large amplitude high energy motion can be clearly observed. It is demonstrated numerically and experimentally that lumped parameters equations with an identified polynomials for magnetic force could adequately describe the characteristics of nonlinear energy harvester. The rotating magnetically coupled energy harvester possesses the usable frequency bandwidth over a wide range of low frequency excitation by adjusting the angular orientation.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting from Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam with Different Shapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6332-6337
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Continuous Power

This paper reviews the piezoelectric energy harvesting from mechanical vibration. The recent development in the microelectronic devices and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) requires continuous power source for better performance. Many researchers have been done to develop a permanent portable power source for microelectronic devices. Micro energy harvesting (MEH) consists of two basic elements; freely available energy and transducer. Energy is everywhere around us in different forms. The energy conversion ability of piezoelectric energy harvester is high among different MEH techniques. A cantilever type piezoelectric energy harvester under different shapes is mostly studied in the last few years. The output of piezoelectric harvester depends upon the deflection produced, more deflection led to more electrical output. The deflection in cantilever beam under different shapes is different. This review paper presents a comparison of different piezoelectric cantilever beam shapes and output generated analyzed in the last decade.

Piezoelectric energy reclamation based on frequency up-conversion technique for digital actuator autonomous additional functions

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1682-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjuan Yan ◽  
Adrien Badel ◽  
Fabien Formosa ◽  
Laurent Petit
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

A piezoelectric vibration energy harvester aiming at collecting energy from the operation of an electromagnetic digital actuator is presented. It is based on the frequency up-conversion and can simultaneously obtain the information of discrete position location. The objective is an improved reliability of such digital actuators ensuring sample controls of the actuator positions. The considered electromagnetic digital actuator is capable of achieving two-dimensional in-plane movements by switching a mobile permanent magnet among four discrete positions. The demonstration of a first step toward integrated additional autonomous functions scavenging a part of the mechanical energy of the mobile permanent magnet is achieved. The vibration energy harvester consists of a piezoelectric cantilever beam magnetically attached to the mobile permanent magnet. The limited magnetic interaction force allows a frequency up-conversion strategy to be set. The frequency up-conversion technique that is used here consists of a “low frequency” excitation that drives a much higher natural frequency oscillator. Indeed, once the energy harvester separates from the mobile permanent magnet, a free oscillation occurs and the induced mechanical energy is harvested. This design concept is numerically analyzed and experimentally validated. Harvested energy of 4.7 µJ is obtained from preliminary experiments using a simple out-of-plane cantilever beam with 9 N/m stiffness and 16 mN magnetic attraction between the vibration energy harvester and the mobile permanent magnet when they contact each other. This energy is in accordance with the requirements for wireless communication of simple information. Finally, an L-shaped cantilever beam optimized design is proposed for future in-plane integration.

scholarly journals Experimental Research on Wind-Induced Flag-Swing Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Xianghua Chen ◽  
Yujie Chen ◽  
Hong Zuo ◽  
Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever

Piezoelectric cantilever beams, which have simple structures and excellent mechanical/electrical coupling characteristics, are widely applied in energy harvesting. When the piezoelectric cantilever beam is in a wind field, we should consider not only the influence of the wind field on piezoelectric beam but also the electromechanical coupling effect on it. In this paper, we design and test a wind-induced flag-swing piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH). The piezoelectric cantilever beam may vibrate in the wind field by affixing a flexible ribbon to the free end as the windward structure. To fulfill the goal of producing electricity, the flexible ribbon can swing the piezoelectric cantilever in a wind-induced unstable condition. The experimental findings demonstrate that the flag-swing PEH performs well in energy harvesting when the wind field is excited. When the wind speed is 15 m/s, the peak-to-peak output AC voltage may reach 13.88 V. In addition, the voltage at both ends of the closed-loop circuit’s external resistance is examined. The maximum electric power of the PEH may reach 43.4 μW with an external resistance of 650 kΩ. After passing through the AC-DC conversion circuit, the flag-swing PEH has a steady DC voltage output of 1.67 V. The proposed energy harvester transforms wind energy from a wind farm into electrical energy for supply to low-power electronic devices, allowing for the creation and use of green energy to efficiently address the issue of inadequate energy.

Hysteretic Nonlinear Characteristics and Stochastic Bifurcation of Cantilevered Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
Jia Xu ◽  
Zhi Wen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Probability Density Function ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Stochastic Bifurcation ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Stochastic Hopf Bifurcation

Hysteretic nonlinear characteristics and stochastic bifurcation of cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester was studied in this paper. Piezoelectric ceramics was adhesively bonded on the substrate of cantilever beam to make piezoelectric cantilever beam. Von de Pol difference item was introduced to interpret the hysteretic phenomena of piezoelectric ceramics, and then the nonlinear dynamic model of piezoelectric cantilever beam subjected to axial stochastic excitation was developed. The stochastic stability of the system was analyzed, and the steady-state probability density function and the joint probability density function of the dynamic response of the system were obtained. Finally, the conditions of stochastic Hopf bifurcation were determined. Numerical simulation shows that stochastic Hopf bifurcation appears when bifurcation parameter varies, which can increase vibration amplitude of cantilever beam system and improve the efficiency of piezoelectric energy harvester. The results of this paper are helpful to application of cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester in engineering fields.

Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Variable Inclination Magnetically Coupled Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Shengxi Zhou ◽  
Daniel J. Inman ◽  
Jing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Frequency Excitation

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a magnetically coupled piezoelectric energy harvester under low frequency excitation where the angle of the external magnetic field is adjustable. The nonlinear dynamic equation with the identified nonlinear magnetic force is derived to describe the electromechanical interaction of variable inclination angle harvesters. The effect of excitation amplitude and frequency on dynamic behavior is proposed by using the phase trajectory, power spectrum, and bifurcation diagram. The numerical analysis shows that a rotating magnetically coupled energy harvesting system exhibits rich nonlinear characteristics with the change of external magnet inclination angle. The nonlinear route to and from large amplitude high-energy motion can be clearly observed. It is demonstrated numerically and experimentally that lumped parameters equations with an identified polynomials for magnetic force could adequately describe the characteristics of nonlinear energy harvester. The rotating magnetically coupled energy harvester possesses the usable frequency bandwidth over a wide range of low frequency excitation by adjusting the angular orientation.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on the IoT-Based Pavement Monitoring Platform Based on the Piezoelectric-Cantilever-Beam Powered Sensor

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hou ◽  
Linbing Wang ◽  
Dawei Wang ◽  
Hailu Yang ◽  
Meng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Acceleration Sensor ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Pavement Monitoring ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Operation Cycle ◽  
Infrastructure Health ◽  
Monitoring Platform

Green and sustainable power supply for sensors in pavement monitoring system has attracted attentions of civil engineers recently. In this paper, the piezoelectric energy harvesting technology is used to provide the power for the acceleration sensor and Radio Frequency (RF) communication. The developed piezoelectric bimorph cantilever beam is used for collecting the vibrational energy. The energy collection circuit is used to charge the battery, where the power can achieve 1.68 mW and can meet the power need of acceleration sensor for data collection and transmission in one operation cycle, that is, 32.8 seconds. Based on the piezoelectric-cantilever-beam powered sensor, the preliminary study on the IoT-based pavement monitoring platform is suggested, which provides a new applicable approach for civil infrastructure health monitoring.

Modeling and Experimental Validations of a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Under Combined Galloping and Base Excitations

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Bibo ◽  
Abdessattar Abdelkefi ◽  
Mohammed F. Daqaq
Keyword(s):  
Bluff Body ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Primary Resonance ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
The Body ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

This paper develops an experimentally validated model of a piezoelectric energy harvester under combined aeroelastic-galloping and base excitations. To that end, an energy harvester consisting of a thin piezoelectric cantilever beam subjected to vibratory base excitation is considered. To permit galloping excitation, a bluff body is rigidly attached at the free end such that a net aerodynamic lift is generated as the incoming airflow separates on both sides of the body giving rise to limit cycle oscillations when the flow velocity exceeds a critical value. A nonlinear electromechanical distributed-parameter model of the harvester under the combined excitation is derived using the energy approach and by adopting the nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, linear constitutive relations for the piezoelectric transduction, and the quasi-steady assumption for the aerodynamic loading. The partial differential equations of the system are discretized and a reduced-order-model is obtained. The mathematical model is validated by conducting a series of experiments with different loading conditions represented by wind speed, base excitation amplitude, and excitation frequency around the primary resonance.

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