The heart of Varroa destructor: description, function and inhibition following acaricide application

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Evgenia Koutouvela ◽  
Alexandros Papachristoforou
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
New Bioassay

This study examines the heart and its activity in the mite Varroa destructor. Through light microscopy, the duration and frequency of the beat of the mite’s heart, which is located over the synganglion, was recorded and analysed. The heart measured 165 μm by 60 μm, and consisted of two lateral trunks, inducing pulses with an average duration of 10 sec and an average frequency of 0.13 Hz. The use of cardiac activity as a new bioassay for accurate assessment of the effect of varroacide compounds was also examined.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BOLU KUKUS DAUN KATUK TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASI DI WILAYAH KERJA RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Raini Panjaitan ◽  
Reno Irwanto ◽  
Nadia Husna ◽  
Andreais Boffil Cholilulloh
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sponge Cake ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Katuk leaves can increase breast milk production because it’s have polyhenols and steroids were instrumental in prolactin reflex to produce breast milk, and can stimulate the hormone oxytocin to stimulate spending and flow of breast milk. Breast milk production and expenditure is influenced by two hormones, prolactin and oxytocin.This studi aims to determine the effect of giving katuk leaves steamed sponge cake for breast milk production in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. This research method is quasi experiment with pre and posttest design. The population in this study is breastfeeding mothers of infants 0-6 months in Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. The sample is 30 people consisting of 15 control and 15 treatment group. In the treatment group was given intervention katuk leaves steamed sponge cake as much as 100 grams (2pieces) every day for 30 days. From the result of this research average frequency of breastfeeding in the control group as 8.07 time and the treatment group times as much as 10.40. While the average duration of breastfeeding in the control group as much as 6.80 minutes and 9.74 minutes in the treatment group. The result of the analysis with T-test was obtained p Value 0,000, it can concluded that there is the effect of giving katuk leaves steamed sponge cake katuk for breast milk production.

scholarly journals Ranas terrestres en los ecosistemas surandinos de Ecuador IV: Una nueva especie de Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) de los páramos sur del Parque Nacional Sangay

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomón Ramírez Jaramillo ◽  
Carolina Pilar Reyes-Puig ◽  
Diego Batallas ◽  
Mario Humberto Yánez-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
The South ◽  
A New Species

<p>We describe a new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Pristimantis , located in the south Andes of Ecuador. The new species is characterized by: presence of dentigerous processes of vomer that are triangular in outline; ulnar tubercles flattened and disposed in a longitudinal, fold-like row; and a distinctive ventral coloration light to dark brown with white warts. We describe the call of an adult male, a single note with an average frequency of 4.23 kHz and two partial harmonics, and an average duration of 207 ms.</p><p>Describimos una nueva especie de rana terrestre <em>Pristimantis</em> de los Andes sur de Ecuador. La nueva especie se caracteriza por la presencia de procesos dentígeros del vómer de contorno triangular; tubérculos ulnares aplanados, dispuestos en una hilera a manera de pliegue; y una distintiva coloración ventral de café claro a café oscuro con verrugas pigmentadas de blanco. Su canto presenta una frecuencia dominante promedio de 4.23 kHz con dos parciales armónicos.  </p>

scholarly journals Ranas terrestres en los ecosistemas surandinos de Ecuador IV: Una nueva especie de Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) de los páramos sur del Parque Nacional Sangay

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomón Ramírez Jaramillo ◽  
Carolina Pilar Reyes-Puig ◽  
Diego Batallas ◽  
Mario Humberto Yánez-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
The South ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Pristimantis , located in the south Andes of Ecuador. The new species is characterized by: presence of dentigerous processes of vomer that are triangular in outline; ulnar tubercles flattened and disposed in a longitudinal, fold-like row; and a distinctive ventral coloration light to dark brown with white warts. We describe the call of an adult male, a single note with an average frequency of 4.23 kHz and two partial harmonics, and an average duration of 207 ms.Describimos una nueva especie de rana terrestre Pristimantis de los Andes sur de Ecuador. La nueva especie se caracteriza por la presencia de procesos dentígeros del vómer de contorno triangular; tubérculos ulnares aplanados, dispuestos en una hilera a manera de pliegue; y una distintiva coloración ventral de café claro a café oscuro con verrugas pigmentadas de blanco. Su canto presenta una frecuencia dominante promedio de 4.23 kHz con dos parciales armónicos.  

scholarly journals Analisis Durasi Menyusui Dengan Lama Amenore Laktasi Pada Ibu Postpartum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Miftakhur Rohmah ◽  
Dewi Andariya Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Lactation amenorrhea method (MAL) should be an alternative method of contraception in postpartum women, this can be done by giving adequate breastfeeding,  because with breastfeeding process can inhibit ovarian activity after childbirth resulting in an infertile period. Purpose of this study was to analyze correlation duration of breastfeeding with the length of lactation amenorrhea in postpartum mothers. This research is a descriptive analtic study with a retrospective kohort research design. The population in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 12-18 months with a total of 34 respondents. Sample size of 30 respondents. The sampling method used was random sampling. The independent variable in this study was the duration of breastfeeding and the dependent variable was the length of lactation amenorrhea. The results showed that the average duration of breastfeeding was 68,7, the average frequency of breastfeeding was 5.43 times per day. The average length of lactation amenorrhea was 4.43 from a total of 30 respondents. Based on the results of statistical tests using person correlation, the value of p = 0.008 <0.05, H1 is accepted, which means that there is a correlation between the frequency of breastfeeding and the length of lactation amenorrhea, the value of p = 0.010 <0.05, which means that there is a correlation between the duration of breastfeeding (hours) and prolonged lactation amenorrhoea.   Keyword: Duration Breastfeeding, Frequency of Breastfeding, Length of Lactation Amenorrhea ABSTRAK   Metode amenore laktasi (MAL) seyogyanya menjadi alternatif metode kontrasepsi pada ibu pasca melahirkan, hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan cara pemberian ASI dan menyusui secara adekuat karena proses menyusui dapat menghambat aktivitas ovarium setelah melahirkan sehingga menghasilkan periode tidak subur (infertile). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis korelasi durasi menyusui dengan lama amenore laktasi pada ibu pasca bersalin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analtik dengan desain penelitian  kohort pendekatan Retrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 12-18 bulan sejumlah 34 responden. Dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. Cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan sample random sampling. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah durasi menyusui dan variabel dependennya yaitu lama amenore laktasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata durasi menyusui 68,7 menit, rata-rata frekuensi menyusui adalah 5,43 kali per hari. Rata-rata lama amenore laktasi yaitu 4,43 dari total 30 responden. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik menggunakan korelasi person didapatkan nilai p = 0,008 <0,05 maka H1 diterima yang artinya terdapat korelasi Frekuensi menyusui dengan lama amenore laktasi, diperoleh nilai p=0.010 <0,05 yang artinya terdapat korelasi antara durasi menyusui (jam) dengan lama amenorea laktasi.   Kata Kunci: Lama Amenore Laktasi , Frekuensi Menyusui, Durasi Menyusui

scholarly journals Somebody’s Watching Me: Smartphone Use Tracking and Reactivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Toth ◽  
Tatiana Trifonova
Keyword(s):  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Log File ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larger Sample

Like all media use, smartphone use is mostly being measured retrospectively with self-reports. This leads to misjudgments due to subjective aggregations and interpretations that are necessary for providing answers. Tracking is regarded as the most advanced, unbiased, and precise method for observing smartphone use and therefore employed as an alternative. However, it remains unclear whether people possibly alter their behavior because they know that they are being observed. This is called reactivity. In this study, we investigate first, whether smartphone and app use duration and frequency are affected by tracking; second, whether effects vary between app types; and third, how long effects persist.We developed an Android tracking app and conducted an anonymous quasi-experiment with smartphone use data from 25 people over a time span of two weeks. The app gathered not only data that were produced after, but also prior to its installation by accessing an internal log file on the device.The results show that there is a decline in the average duration of app use sessions within the first seven days of tracking. Instant messaging and social media app use duration show similar patterns. We found no changes in the average frequency of smartphone and app use sessions per day. Overall, reactivity effects due to smartphone use tracking are rather weak, which speaks for the method's validity. We advise future researchers to employ a larger sample and control for external influencing factors so reactivity effects can be better interpreted.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. T. Nightingale ◽  
S. E. Summers ◽  
T. P. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Scanning Electron

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.

Tumor Diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Bruce Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

The broadest application of transmission electron microscopy (EM) in diagnostic medicine is the identification of tumors that cannot be classified by routine light microscopy. EM is useful in the evaluation of approximately 10% of human neoplasms, but the extent of its contribution varies considerably. It may provide a specific diagnosis that can not be reached by other means, but in contrast, the information obtained from ultrastructural study of some 10% of tumors does not significantly add to that available from light microscopy. Most cases fall somewhere between these two extremes: EM may correct a light microscopic diagnosis, or serve to narrow a differential diagnosis by excluding some of the possibilities considered by light microscopy. It is particularly important to correlate the EM findings with data from light microscopy, clinical examination, and other diagnostic procedures.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Immunocytochemistry. A Review of Methodology for Electron Microscopic Applicaiton

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Mazurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Biological Interest ◽  
Investigative Approach ◽  
Immunologic Activity ◽  
Dense Label

Immunocytochemistry is a powerful investigative approach in which one of the most exacting examples of specificity, that of the reaction of an antibody with its antigen, isused to localize tissue and cell specific molecules in situ. Following the introduction of fluorescent labeled antibodies in T950, a large number of molecules of biological interest had been studied with light microscopy, especially antigens involved in the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, with advances in electron microscopy, newer methods were needed which could reveal these reactions at the ultrastructural level. An electron dense label that could be coupled to an antibody without the loss of immunologic activity was desired.

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