Rapid Weight Loss Practices in Elite Kickboxers

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Dugonjić ◽  
Saša Krstulović ◽  
Goran Kuvačić
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Management Behaviors

The aim of this observational cross-sectional survey was to determine the prevalence of rapid weight loss (RWL) in elite kickboxers. Kickboxers (61 males; age = 24.2 ± 4.6 years, weight = 73.9 ± 12.8 kg, and height = 179.2 ± 7.9 cm) from eight European countries completed a Rapid Weight Loss Questionnaire regarding prevalence, magnitude, and methods of RWL. All athletes (100%) were practicing RWL before the competition with a Rapid Weight Loss Questionnaire score of 52.4 ±12.9. Most kickboxers ‘usually lose between 2% and 5% of their body mass, whereas ∼30% lose between 6% and 8%. However, it is alarming that almost 30% reported cutting 10% of body weight or more sometime during their kickboxing career. Almost half of the athletes always practice gradual dieting (45.9%) and increased exercising (44.3%) to reduce body mass. Kickboxers usually reduce weight three to four times during a year, usually 7–15 days before a competition. More than a third (34.4%) started with RWL practice under the age of 17. There was no significant difference between weight divisions in weight management behaviors (p = .5, F = 0.6; η2 = .0) and no relation between the main characteristics of elite kickboxing athletes and the total RWL score. In conclusion, RWL practices in kickboxing athletes are somewhat specific and different when compared with other combat sports, which can be explained by greater number of weight classes and specific weigh-in protocol.

Weight Management and Weight Loss Strategies of Professional Jockeys

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Moore ◽  
Anna F. Timperio ◽  
David A. Crawford ◽  
Cate M. Burns ◽  
David Cameron-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Additional Weight ◽  
The Impact

Jockeys are required to maintain very low body weight and precise weight control during competition. This study examined the weight loss and weight management strategies of professional horseracing jockeys in the state of Victoria, Australia. An anonymous, self-completed questionnaire was administered (55% response rate, n=116). Almost half (43%) reported that maintaining riding weight was difficult or very difficult, with 75% routinely skipping meals. In preparation for racing, 60% reported that they typically required additional weight loss, with 81% restricting food intake in the 24 hours prior to racing. Additionally, sauna-induced sweating (29%) and diuretics (22%) were frequently employed to further aid in weight loss prior to racing. These rapid weight loss methods did not differ between the 51% of jockeys who followed a weight management plan compared to those who did not. The impact of these extreme weight loss practices on riding performance and health remains unknown.

scholarly journals Weight management barriers and facilitators after breast cancer in Australian women: a national survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Ee ◽  
Adele Elizabeth Cave ◽  
Dhevaksha Naidoo ◽  
Kellie Bilinski ◽  
John Boyages
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Weight gain after breast cancer is associated with poorer health outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe how Australian breast cancer survivors are currently managing their weight. Methods: Online cross-sectional survey open to any woman living in Australia who self-identified as having breast cancer, between November 2017 and January 2018. Results: We received 309 responses. Most respondents described their diet as good/excellent and reported moderate-high levels of weight self-efficacy. Despite this, the proportion of overweight/obesity increased from 47% at time of diagnosis to 67% at time of survey. More than three quarters of respondents did not receive any advice on weight gain prevention at the time of diagnosis. 39% of women reported being less active after cancer diagnosis, and and few weight loss interventions were perceived to be effective. Facilitators were structured exercise programs, prescribed diets, and accountability to someone else, while commonly cited barriers were lack of motivation/willpower, fatigue, and difficulty maintaining weight. Women who cited fatigue as a barrier were almost twice as likely to be doing low levels of physical activity (PA) or no PA than women who did not cite fatigue as a barrier. Conclusions: We report high levels of concern about weight gain after BC and significant gaps in service provision around weight gain prevention and weight management. Women with BC should be provided with support for weight gain prevention in the early survivorship phase, which should include structured PA and dietary changes in combination with behavioural change and social support. Weight gain prevention or weight loss programs should address barriers such as fatigue. More research is required on the effectiveness of diet and exercise interventions in BC survivors, particularly with regard to weight gain prevention.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating overweight and obesity in South African children

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Violet K. Moselakgomo ◽  
Marlise Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
South African ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Background: Prevalence of obesity in youths has drastically increased in both industrialised and non-industrialised countries, and this transition resulted in an increased prevalence of chronic diseases.Aim: The study aimed to comparatively examine prevalence of overweight and obesity status based on tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating body fat levels in South African children.Setting: The study was conducted in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1361 (boys: n = 678; girls: n = 683) children aged 9–13 years was undertaken. The children’s age and sex-related measurements of body weight, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfolds and sum of skinfold were taken using the International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol. TMI and BMI calculations classified children according to weight and age categories. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were set at ≤ 0.05.Results: Obesity classifications on TMI and BMI among children were as follows: Boys: 7.3%, 2.6%; 2.2%, 0.7%; Girls: 4.0%, 1.0%; 1.8%, 0.6%. Body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF significantly correlated with TMI (r = 0.40, p 0.001; r = 0.73, p 0.001; r = −0.09, p 0.001; r = 0.50, p 0.001; r = 0.51, p 0.001 and r = 0.52, p 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.81, p 0.001; r = 0.59, p 0.001; r = −0.22, p 0.001; r = 0.63, p 0.001; r = 0.67, p 0.001 and r = 0.66, p 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF accounted for 65% and 85% of variance in children’s TMI (R2 = 0.647, F[6 1354] = 413.977, p 0.001) and BMI (R2 = 0.851, F[6 1354] = 1288.218, p 0.001).Conclusion: TMI revealed strikingly higher incidence of overweight and obesity in South African boys and girls than BMI. Future studies are needed to clarify sensitivity of TMI over BMI in quantifying obesity prevalence in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Força de preensão de mão e flexibilidade em atletas masculinos de judô e jiu-jitsu: um estudo transversal

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Sobral Campos ◽  
Ítalo Sergio Lopes Campos ◽  
Amauri Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
Motor Actions ◽  
One Way Anova

Introdução: Esportes de combate de domínio como o judô e o jiu-jitsu apresentam algumas características comuns entre si. Entre elas, a manutenção de pequena distância entre os oponentes para executar a dinâmica da luta e a exigência de ações motoras específicas para a execução de movimentos de agarrar, empurrar e imobilizar em curto espaço.Objetivo: Comparar a força de preensão manual e a flexibilidade de atletas de judô e de jiu-jitsu com vista a identificar possíveis diferenças neuromusculares em tais modalidades.Métodos: Estudo transversal e observacional, em que foram avaliados 33 atletas do sexo masculino, com idades variando entre 18 e 30 anos, recrutados por conveniência e divididos em dois grupos segundo modalidade esportiva judô (JD) e jiu-jitsu (JJ). Os atletas foram submetidos à medidas antropométricas de massa corporal, estatura e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e testes motores de força de preensão manual (FPM) e flexibilidade. A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada através de ANOVA de uma via para cada quesito (p<0,05).Resultados: Os grupos apresentaram valores muito próximos, com valores mais elevados tanto para o IMC como para a FPM em atletas de JD e da flexibilidade em atletas de JJ. A análise estatística demonstrou que existe uma diferença significativa apenas para o item flexibilidade.Conclusão: A FPM não diferiu significativamente entre atletas de JD e JJ. Quanto à flexibilidade, atletas de JJ apresentam valores estatisticamente superiores aos atletas de JD. Os resultados foram discutidos.Hand Grip Strength and Flexibility in Male Judo and Jiu-Jitsu AthletesIntroduction: Combat sports involving dominating the opponent, such as judo and jiu-jitsu, have some characteristics common to them. Among them, the maintenance of small distance between opponents to perform the dynamics of the fight and the requirement of specific motor actions to perform movements to grab, push and immobilize in short time.Objective: To compare the manual grip strength and flexibility of judo and jiu-jitsu athletes in order to identify possible neuromuscular differences in such modalities.Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was carried out in which 33 male athletes, ranging from 18 to 30 years old, were recruited for convenience and divided into two groups according to judo and Jiu-jitsu. The athletes were submitted to anthropometric measurements of body mass, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) and hand grip strength (HGS) motor tests and flexibility. The comparison between the groups was performed by one-way ANOVA for each item (p<0.05).Results: The groups presented values very close, with higher values for both BMI and HGS in JD athletes and flexibility in JJ athletes. Statistical analysis demonstrated that there is a significant difference only for the item flexibility.Conclusion: HGS did not differ significantly between JD and JJ athletes. As for flexibility, JJ athletes present values statistically superior to JD athletes. The results were discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of an overnight high-carbohydrate meal on muscle glycogen after rapid weight loss in male collegiate wrestlers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Kondo ◽  
Keisuke Shiose ◽  
Takuya Osawa ◽  
Keiko Motonaga ◽  
Akiko Kamei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carbohydrate Meal

Abstract Background Severe rapid weight loss (RWL) induces a decrease in muscle glycogen (mGly). Nevertheless, adequate carbohydrate intake after RWL has not been reported to optimize muscle glycogen following a weigh-in the evening until a wrestling tournament morning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an overnight high-carbohydrate recovery meal of 7.1 g kg−1 following RWL on mGly concentration. Methods Ten male elite wrestlers lost 6% of their body mass within 53 h and then subsequently ate three meals, within 5 h, containing total of 7.1 g kg−1 of carbohydrates. mGly was measured by 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy before (BL) and after RWL (R0) at 2 h (R2), 4 h (R4), and 13 h (R13) after initiating the meal. Body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and blood and urine samples were collected at BL, R0, and R13. Results Body mass decreased by 4.6 ± 0.6 kg (p < 0.05) and did not recover to BL levels in R13 (− 1.7 ± 0.6 kg, p < 0.05). Likewise, mGly by 36.5% ± 10.0% (p < 0.05) and then did not reach BL levels by R13 (p < 0.05). Conclusion A high-carbohydrate meal of 7.1 g kg−1 after 6% RWL was not sufficient to recover mGly during a 13 h recovery phase. Participating in high-intensity wrestling matches with an mGly concentration below normal levels is maybe undesirable.

Height, age at menarche, body weight and body mass index in life-long vegetarians

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 870-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rosell ◽  
Paul Appleby ◽  
Tim Key
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated whether life-long adherence to a vegetarian diet is associated with adult height, age at menarche, adult body weight and body mass index (BMI), used as indicators of growth, development and obesity, in a large sample of adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study. Anthropometric data and information on age, ethnicity, education, age at menarche and age at becoming a vegetarian were obtained through a questionnaire. Self-reported height and weight were calibrated using predictive equations derived from a previous validation study.SettingUnited Kingdom.SubjectsThe study includes 45 962 British men and women aged ≥ 20 years of whom 16 083 were vegetarians (not eating fish or meat).ResultsIn men and women, there were no significant differences in height, weight or BMI between life-long vegetarians (n= 125 (men) andn= 265 (women)) and people who became vegetarian at age ≥ 20 years (n= 3122 (men) andn= 8137 (women)). Nor was there a significant difference in age at menarche between life-long vegetarian women and women who became vegetarian at age ≥ 20 years.ConclusionThis study suggests that, compared with people who become vegetarian when adult, life-long vegetarians do not differ in adult height, weight, BMI or age at menarche in women.

scholarly journals Association of tibiofemoral angle, quadriceps angle and body mass index in a selected adolescent population

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-896
Author(s):  
Joseph O Umunnah ◽  
Chukwudi M Ogbueche ◽  
Chigozie I Uchenwoke ◽  
Adaora J Okemuo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tibiofemoral Angle ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Tibiofemoral angle (TFA) and quadriceps angle (QA) are important in the evaluation of patients with knee pathologies associated with these angles. Objectives: This study investigated correlations among TFA, QA and body mass index (BMI) among Nigerian adolescent population. Methods: A total of 519 (262 males and 257 females) adolescents aged between 10-18 years selected by stratified random sampling technique from some randomly selected schools in Nnewi metropolis. This study utilised the cross-sectional survey design. A height meter and bathroom weighing scale were used to collect data for BMI while a universal plastic goniometer was used to measure TFA and QA. Independent t- test, paired t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to analyse the data obtained. Results: Findings of this study showed there was significant difference between right and left QA of males (t= 2.824; p= 0.005), and females (t= -2.012; p= 0.045) with the right QA been higher than the left in both males and females. Males have a higher TFA and QA (p<0.05 in all cases) than females. A significant negative correlation was found between BMI and right TFA (p=0.034), and between TFA and QA (p= <0.0001). Conclusion: TFA positively significantly correlated with QA, with males having higher QA and TFA than females. The obtained information is important in the assessment and management of knee pathologies associated with these angles. Keywords: Tibiofemoral angle; quadriceps angle; body mass index; selected adolescent population.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

scholarly journals Are Men More Intuitive When It Comes to Eating and Physical Activity?

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Gast ◽  
Hala Madanat ◽  
Amy Campbell Nielson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Behavioral Regulation

The purpose of this study was to determine where men fall on the motivation continuum based on intuitive eating status and if motivation for physical activity and intuitive eating are correlated. Results indicate that being an intuitive eater was associated with a lower body mass index. In terms of demographic variables, as age increased, intuitive eating status decreased and body mass index increased. Men scored high on the antidieting and self-care subscales of the Intuitive Eating Scale. Men who were classified as intuitive eaters scored higher on the external and introjected regulation of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire but no significant differences were reported by eating status and the identified and intrinsic motivation subscales. Intuitive eating holds promise as a weight management and weight loss tool for men. Intuitive eating may also influence initial motivation for physical activity for men.

scholarly journals Relationship between Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Visual Acuity in Residents of Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Ernest-Nwoke ◽  
M. O. Ozor ◽  
U. Akpamu ◽  
M. O. Oyakhire
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Edo State

Aim. To study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) on visual acuity among apparently healthy residents of Ekpoma, Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study among 225 subjects (ages of 18–35 years) from whom BP, body weight, and height were collected. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart following standard procedures of number of letters seen at 6-metre distance. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results. The sampled population consists of 112 male and 113 female (mean age 31.72±14.2 years). Majority (180) of the respondents had normal visual acuity. However, compared with the respondents with normal BMI (R19.61±1.5; L19.67±1.70), visual acuity of underweight (R18.53±2.30; L18.53±2.70) and obese (R15.68±4.79; L17.73±1.70) were more deviated. Similarly, compared with respondent with normal BP (120–125/80–85 mmHg; R18.00±2.53; L18.07±3.11), hypotensive (R15.5±7.35; L15.00±10.20), and hypertensive (R15.01±21.25; L15.00±11.91) respondents had deviated visual acuity. Conclusion. Abnormal body weight (underweight and obese) and BP (hypotension and hypertension) have potential negative impacts on visual acuity. Based on the observed relationship between weights, BP, and visual acuity, eye examinations can be included as regular screening exercise for abnormal BMI and BP conditions.

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