scholarly journals Sodium Bicarbonate and High-Intensity-Cycling Capacity: Variability in Responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Saunders ◽  
Craig Sale ◽  
Roger C. Harris ◽  
Caroline Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Improve Exercise Capacity ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose:To determine whether gastrointestinal (GI) distress affects the ergogenicity of sodium bicarbonate and whether the degree of alkalemia or other metabolic responses is different between individuals who improve exercise capacity and those who do not.Methods:Twenty-one men completed 2 cycling-capacity tests at 110% of maximum power output. Participants were supplemented with 0.3 g/kg body mass of either placebo (maltodextrin) or sodium bicarbonate (SB). Blood pH, bicarbonate, base excess, and lactate were determined at baseline, preexercise, immediately postexercise, and 5 min postexercise.Results:SB supplementation did not significantly increase total work done (TWD; P = .16, 46.8 · 9.1 vs 45.6 · 8.4 kJ, d = 0.14), although magnitude-based inferences suggested a 63% likelihood of a positive effect. When data were analyzed without 4 participants who experienced GI discomfort, TWD (P = .01) was significantly improved with SB. Immediately postexercise blood lactate was higher in SB for the individuals who improved but not for those who did not. There were also differences in the preexercise-to-postexercise change in blood pH, bicarbonate, and base excess between individuals who improved and those who did not.Conclusions:SB improved high-intensity-cycling capacity but only with the exclusion of participants experiencing GI discomfort. Differences in blood responses suggest that SB may not be beneficial to all individuals. Magnitude-based inferences suggested that the exercise effects are unlikely to be negative; therefore, individuals should determine whether they respond well to SB supplementation before competition.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effects of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate, ingested individually or in combination, and a taste-matched placebo on high-intensity cycling capacity in healthy males

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Higgins ◽  
Susie Wilson ◽  
Cameron Hill ◽  
Mike J. Price ◽  
Mike Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Experimental Trials

This study evaluated the effects of ingesting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or caffeine individually or in combination on high-intensity cycling capacity. In a counterbalanced, crossover design, 13 healthy, noncycling trained males (age: 21 ± 3 years, height: 178 ± 6 cm, body mass: 76 ± 12 kg, peak power output (Wpeak): 230 ± 34 W, peak oxygen uptake: 46 ± 8 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed a graded incremental exercise test, 2 familiarisation trials, and 4 experimental trials. Trials consisted of cycling to volitional exhaustion at 100% Wpeak (TLIM) 60 min after ingesting a solution containing either (i) 0.3 g·kg−1 body mass sodium bicarbonate (BIC), (ii) 5 mg·kg−1 body mass caffeine plus 0.1 g·kg−1 body mass sodium chloride (CAF), (iii) 0.3 g·kg−1 body mass sodium bicarbonate plus 5 mg·kg−1 body mass caffeine (BIC-CAF), or (iv) 0.1 g·kg−1 body mass sodium chloride (PLA). Experimental solutions were administered double-blind. Pre-exercise, at the end of exercise, and 5-min postexercise blood pH, base excess, and bicarbonate ion concentration ([HCO3−]) were significantly elevated for BIC and BIC-CAF compared with CAF and PLA. TLIM (median; interquartile range) was significantly greater for CAF (399; 350–415 s; P = 0.039; r = 0.6) and BIC-CAF (367; 333–402 s; P = 0.028; r = 0.6) compared with BIC (313: 284–448 s) although not compared with PLA (358; 290–433 s; P = 0.249, r = 0.3 and P = 0.099 and r = 0.5, respectively). There were no differences between PLA and BIC (P = 0.196; r = 0.4) or between CAF and BIC-CAF (P = 0.753; r = 0.1). Relatively large inter- and intra-individual variation was observed when comparing treatments and therefore an individual approach to supplementation appears warranted.

Increased Blood pH but Not Performance With Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation in Elite Rugby Union Players

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya L. Cameron ◽  
Rebecca T. McLay-Cooke ◽  
Rachel C. Brown ◽  
Andrew R. Gray ◽  
Kirsty A. Fairbairn
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Improve Exercise Performance ◽  
Rugby Players

Purpose:This study investigated the effect of ingesting 0.3 g/kg body weight (BW) of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on physiological responses, gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability, and sprint performance in elite rugby union players.Methods:Twenty-five male rugby players, age 21.6 (2.6) yr, participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Sixty-five minutes after consuming 0.3 g/kg BW of either NaHCO3 or placebo, participants completed a 25-min warm-up followed by 9 min of high-intensity rugby-specific training followed by a rugby-specific repeated-sprint test (RSRST). Whole-blood samples were collected to determine lactate and bicarbonate concentrations and pH at baseline, after supplement ingestion, and immediately after the RSRST. Acute GI discomfort was assessed by questionnaire throughout the trials, and chronic GI discomfort was assessed during the 24 hr postingestion.Results:After supplement ingestion and immediately after the RSRST, blood HCO3 − concentration and pH were higher for the NaHCO3 condition than for the placebo condition (p < .001). After the RSRST, blood lactate concentrations were significantly higher for the NaHCO3 than for the placebo condition (p < .001). There was no difference in performance on the RSRST between the 2 conditions. The incidence of belching, stomachache, diarrhea, stomach bloating, and nausea was higher after ingestion of NaHCO3 than with placebo (all p < .050). The severity of stomach cramps, belching, stomachache, bowel urgency, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach bloating, and flatulence was rated worse after ingestion of NaHCO3 than with placebo (p < .050).Conclusions:NaHCO3 supplementation increased blood HCO3 − concentration and attenuated the decline in blood pH compared with placebo during high-intensity exercise in well-trained rugby players but did not significantly improve exercise performance. The higher incidence and greater severity of GI symptoms after ingestion of NaHCO3 may negatively affect physical performance, and the authors strongly recommend testing this supplement during training before use in competitive situations.

scholarly journals The effects of diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate upon blood pH, blood gases and eggshell quality in laying geese

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kaya ◽  
B. Karademir ◽  
O. Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Normal Health

The effects of diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) upon blood pH, blood gases and eggshell quality during the laying cycle in geese were investigated. Fourteen geese aged 2 yr old were divided into two groups as; control (Group C, n = 7) and 0.5% NaHCO<sub>3 </sub>-supplemented group (Group T, n = 7). After 15&nbsp;days of adaptation period, blood samples were collected every 6 h during a single laying cycle (over 42 h) and the data obtained were analysed for the pH, base excess (BE-B), HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup> concentration, partial CO<sub>2</sub> pressure (pCO<sub>2</sub>) and total CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (tCO<sub>2</sub>). The parameters of eggshell quality (i.e. thickness and weight) were also measured following the laying. No correlation was found between the groups for the same blood parameters measured. But, there was a significant correlation (min. r = 0.946 and P &lt; 0.05) between all the parameters except for the pH in the groups. Following NaHCO<sub>3</sub> supplementation of diet however, there was no significant improvement in eggshell thickness and weight. These findings indicate that the NaHCO<sub>3</sub> supplementation of diet may support the maintenance of venous blood pH, BE-B, HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, pCO<sub>2</sub> and tCO<sub>2</sub> levels at the physiological ranges which are required for normal health and production status of goose during the laying cycle.

scholarly journals Does Sodium Citrate Cause the Same Ergogenic Effect as Sodium Bicarbonate on Swimming Performance?

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kumstát ◽  
Tomáš Hlinský ◽  
Ivan Struhár ◽  
Andy Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Ergogenic Effect ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Post Trial ◽  
Performance Times

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ingesting sodium bicarbonate (SB) and sodium citrate (SC) on 400 m high-intensity swimming performance and blood responses. Six nationally ranked male swimmers (20.7 ± 2.1 yrs; 184 ± 6 cm; 79.9 ± 3.9 kg; 10.6 ± 1% body fat) participated in a double blinded, placebo controlled crossover trial. Ninety minutes after consuming SB (0.3 g·kg-1), SC (0.3 g·kg-1) or a placebo (PL) participants completed a single 400-m freestyle maximal test on three consecutive days. The order of the supplementation was randomized. Capillary blood samples were collected on 4 occasions: at rest (baseline), 60 min post-ingestion, immediately post-trial and 15 min post-trial. Blood pH, HCO3- concentration and base excess (BE) were determined. Blood pH, HCO3-, BE were significantly elevated from before loading to the pre-test (60 min post-ingestion) (p < 0.05) after SB ingestion, but not after SC ingestion (p > 0.05). Performance times were improved by 0.6% (p > 0.05) after supplementation of SB over PL in 5 out of 6 participants (responders). In contrast, ingestion of SC decreased performance by 0.2% (p > 0.05). No side effects were observed in either trial. Delayed blood response was observed after SC ingestion compared to SB and this provided no or modest ergogenic effect, respectively, for single bout high-intensity swimming exercise. Monitoring the magnitude of the time-to-peak level rise in alkalosis may be recommended in order to individualize the loading time accordingly before commencement of exercise.

Effect of oral creatine supplementation on power output and fatigue during bicycle ergometry

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Cooke ◽  
P. W. Grandjean ◽  
W. S. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Time To Peak

Our purpose was to determine the effect of oral creatine supplementation on exercise performance during high-intensity short-duration bicycle sprinting. Power output was recorded for 12 healthy untrained males (age 24.08 +/- 0.53 yr, weight 81.22 +/- 1.32 kg) before and after 5 days of creatine (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) supplementation. A double-blind research design was employed. Subjects performed maximal sprints against a constant load (111.8 N) for 15 s. Each one-half pedal revolution was magnetically counted, and subsequent measurements of peak power, time to peak power, total work, and the fatigue index were digitized and stored on disk. Mean values for peak power, time to peak power, total work, and fatigue index were 958.01 +/- 40.66 W, 4.09 +/- 0.82 s, 11.28 +/- 0.46 kJ, and 32.1 +/- 1.58% decline from peak power, respectively. No significant differences were observed within or between groups before or after supplementation for any of the mechanical parameters measured (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that oral creatine supplementation does not positively affect power output or fatigue during continuous high-intensity bicycle exercise in untrained men.

scholarly journals Effect of Acute Sodium Bicarbonate Intake on Sprint-Intermittent Performance and Blood Biochemical Responses in Well-Trained Sprinters

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fayiz AbuMoh’d ◽  
◽  
Walid Alsababha ◽  
Yazan Haddad ◽  
Ghaid Obeidat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Volitional Exhaustion ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Work Done

The present study was designed to determine the acute effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on the number of sprint repetitions during sprint high-intensity intermittent testing. In addition, blood biochemical (pH, HCO3-, and lactate) responses measured in three occasions were investigated. Thirteen male well-trained sprinters (24.65±3.44 yrs) performed two consecutive trials (7 days apart). Athletes were assigned randomly either to ingest a single dose of NaHCO3 (0.3 g/kg) 1 h prior to exercise or placebo using a double-blind crossover design. The intermittent sprint test consisted of 60 s treadmill sprints (90% of maximal work done) and 30-s recovery repeated intermittently until volitional exhaustion. Blood samples were collected from all athletes before exercise, after 1 h of dose intake, and after exercise in each trial. Paired sample t-testing showed that athletes complete significantly more sprint repetitions (p=0.036) during the intermittent sprint test with NaHCO3 (6.846±3.114) than with the placebo (5.538±3.872). Data also revealed no differences between trials in all blood responses at pre-exercise. After 1 h of dose consumption, however, blood pH and HCO3- were higher with NaHCO3 than with placebo (p<0.05), but no differences were noted in lactate between trials (p>0.05). After completion of the test, all blood responses were significantly higher with NaHCO3 than with placebo (p<0.05). In conclusion, intake of 0.3 g/kg of NaHCO3 1 h prior to treadmill sprint-intermittent performance increased sprint repetitions in well-trained sprinters, probably due to activated glycolysis caused by intracellular protons efflux into the blood.

Effect of pH on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to exercise

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Jones ◽  
J. R. Sutton ◽  
R. Taylor ◽  
C. J. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Endurance Time ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
Male Subjects

Five male subjects performed exercise at 33, 66, and 95% of their maximum power output on three occasions in random order. Each study was preceded by a 3-h period in which capsules were taken by mouth, containing either CaCO3 (control, NH4Cl (acidosis), or NaHCO3 (alkalosis) in a dose of 0.3 g/kg body wt; preexercise blood pH was 7.38 +/- 0.015, 7.21 +/- 0.033, and 7.43 +/- 0.029, respectively. Exercise was continuous and maintained for 20 min at the two lower power outputs and for as long as possible at the highest. Compared with control (270 +/- 13 s), endurance time at the highest power output was reduced in acidosis (160 +/- 22 s) and increased in alkalosis (438 +/- 120 s). No differences were observed for central cardiovascular changes in exercise (cardiac output, frequency, or stroke volume). The respiratory changes expected from changes in blood pH were observed, with a higher alveolar ventilation in acidosis. At all power outputs arterialized venous lactate was lowest in acidosis and highest in alkalosis. Plasma glycerol and free fatty acids were lowest in acidosis. Changes in blood [HCO3-] and pH were shown to have major effects on metabolism in exercise which presumably were responsible for impaired endurance.

The Effect of Continuous Low Dose Creatine Supplementation on Force, Power, and Total Work

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren G. Burke ◽  
Shawn Silver ◽  
Laurence E. Holt ◽  
Truis Smith-Palmer ◽  
Christopher J. Culligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Power Output ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Force Output

Dietary supplementation (SUP) has become a significant part of athletic training. Studies indicate that creatine (Cr) can enhance short-duration, high-intensity activities. This study examined the effect of 21 days of low dose Cr SUP (~7.7 g/day) and resistance training on force output, power output, duration of mean peak power output, and total work performed until fatigue. A double-blind protocol was used, where an individual, who was not part of any other aspect of the study, randomly assigned subjects to creatine and placebo groups. Forty-one male university athletes were randomly assigned to either Cr (n= 20) or placebo (n = 21) SUP. On the first and last day of the study, subjects were required to perform concentric bench press movements until exhaustion on an isokinetic dynamometer. The dynamometer was hard-wired to a personal computer, which provided force, velocity, and duration measures. Force and power output until fatigue, were used to determine total work, force-time, and power-time relationships. ANOVA results revealed that the Cr subjects performed more total work until fatigue, experienced significantly greater improvements in peak force and peak power, and maintained elevated mean peak power for a longer period of time. These results indicate that Cr SUP can significantly improve factors associated with short-duration, high-intensity activity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate Intake on Maximum Muscle Strength during High-Intensity Exercise of a Sprinter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Dong KIM
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
And Training ◽  
Intensity Training

Background: This study investigated the effect of sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-) intake on maximum muscle strength variables during eight weeks of high-intensity exercise of a sprinter. Methods: The study was conducted on 30 elite sprint athletes in Seoul, Republic of Korea as in 2016 with ≥3 yr of an athletic career by assigning 10 each to three groups (the control, training, and sodium bicarbonate-training combination groups [HCO3- and training group]). The training group and the HCO3- and training group participated in a high-intensity exercise program for 90 min per session, five days a week for eight weeks in total, and it involved 80%-90% heart rate max intensity increase every 2-3 weeks, and allocation of internal exercise, aquatic exercise, and hill exercise. HCO3- was provided to the HCO3- and training group, and involved an intake of 300 g of HCO3- per 1 kg body weight, once a day, 90 min prior to the high-intensity exercise program for eight weeks. Results: HCO3- intake during high-intensity training had a positive effect on maximum muscle strength. A positive effect was observed in the HCO3- and training groups; however, the effect on maximum muscle strength was stronger in the HCO3- and training groups. In particular, the effect on maximum muscle strength was observed during extension than during flexing starting from the fourth week of the exercise program with HCO3- intake. Conclusion: HCO3- intake during 8 weeks of high-intensity training began to have a positive effect on maximum muscle strength. Therefore, HCO3- intake during high-intensity exercise is effective in improving exercise capacity.

scholarly journals Effects of Creatine and Sodium Bicarbonate Coingestion on Multiple Indices of Mechanical Power Output During Repeated Wingate Tests in Trained Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corbin Griffen ◽  
David Rogerson ◽  
Mayur Ranchordas ◽  
Alan Ruddock
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Meaningful Improvement ◽  
Repeated Sprints ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Mechanical Power Output

This study investigated the effects of creatine and sodium bicarbonate coingestion on mechanical power during repeated sprints. Nine well-trained men (age = 21.6 ± 0.9 yr, stature = 1.82 ± 0.05 m, body mass = 80.1 ± 12.8 kg) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, crossover study using six 10-s repeated Wingate tests. Participants ingested either a placebo (0.5 g·kg−1 of maltodextrin), 20 g·d−1 of creatine monohydrate + placebo, 0.3 g·kg−1 of sodium bicarbonate + placebo, or coingestion + placebo for 7 days, with a 7-day washout between conditions. Participants were randomized into two groups with a differential counterbalanced order. Creatine conditions were ordered first and last. Indices of mechanical power output (W), total work (J) and fatigue index (W·s−1) were measured during each test and analyzed using the magnitude of differences between groups in relation to the smallest worthwhile change in performance. Compared with placebo, both creatine (effect size (ES) = 0.37-0.83) and sodium bicarbonate (ES = 0.22-0.46) reported meaningful improvements on indices of mechanical power output. Coingestion provided small meaningful improvements on indices of mechanical power output (W) compared with sodium bicarbonate (ES = 0.28-0.41), but not when compared with creatine (ES = -0.21-0.14). Coingestion provided a small meaningful improvement in total work (J; ES = 0.24) compared with creatine. Fatigue index (W·s−1) was impaired in all conditions compared with placebo. In conclusion, there was no meaningful additive effect of creatine and sodium bicarbonate coingestion on mechanical power during repeated sprints.

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