Repeatability of the Individual Response to the Use of Active Recovery the Day After High-Intensity Interval Training: A Double-Crossover Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Constantin Thase ◽  
Marcel Glahn ◽  
Anthony Hessel ◽  
Christoph Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Measure Analysis ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
The Individual

Purpose: To identify whether the use of active recovery (ACT) the day after high-intensity interval training (HIIT) benefits recovery and to assess whether individual responses to ACT are repeatable. Methods: Eleven well-trained, male intermittent-sport athletes (age: 25.5 ± 1.8 y) completed 4 HIIT sessions, each separated by a 2-week washout period. Of the 4 sessions, 2 were followed by passive recovery (PAS) and 2 by 60 minutes of moderate biking (ACT) 24 hours postexercise in the following sequences: ACT→PAS→ACT→PAS or PAS→ACT→PAS→ACT. Before and after HIIT and after 24 and 48 hours of recovery, maximal voluntary isometric strength (MVIC), countermovement jump height (CMJ), tensiomyographic markers of muscle fatigue (TMG), serum concentration of creatine kinase (CK), muscle soreness (MS), and perceived stress state (PS) were determined. Results: A 3-way repeated-measure analysis of variance with a triple-nested random effects model revealed a significant (P < .05) fatigue-related time effect of HIIT on markers of fatigue (MVIC↓; CMJ↓; TMG↑; CK↑; MS↑; PS↑). No significant (P > .05) main effect of recovery strategy was detected. In 9 subjects, the individual results revealed inconsistent and nonrepeatable responses to ACT, while a consistent and repeatable positive or negative response to ACT was found in 2 individuals. Conclusions: The repeated failure of ACT to limit the severity of fatigue was found both at the group level and with most individuals. However, a small percentage of athletes may be more likely to benefit repeatedly from either ACT or PAS. Therefore, the use of ACT should be individualized.

scholarly journals Recovery from Different High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols: Comparing Well-Trained Women and Men

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Laura Hottenrott ◽  
Martin Möhle ◽  
Alexander Ide ◽  
Sascha Ketelhut ◽  
Oliver Stoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Training Response ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Due to physiological and anatomical sex differences, there are variations in the training response, and the recovery periods following exercise may be different. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols are well-suited to differentially investigate the course of recovery. This study was conducted to determine sex-specific differences in the recovery following HIIT intervals interspersed with recovery phases of different lengths. Methods: Well-trained cyclists and triathletes (n = 11 females, n = 11 males) participated in this study. There were no significant sex differences in maximal heart rate (HR), relative peak power to body mass and fat-free mass, training volume, and VO2max-percentiles (females: 91.8 ± 5.5 %, males: 94.6 ± 5.4 %). A 30 s Wingate test was performed four times, separated by different active recovery periods (1, 3, or 10 min). Lactate, HR, oxygen uptake, and subjective rating of exertion and recovery were determined. Results: For the recovery time of three and ten minutes, men showed significantly higher lactate concentrations (p = 0.04, p = 0.004). Contrary, HR recovery and subjective recovery were significant slower in women than in men. Conclusion: During HIIT, women may be more resistant to fatigue and have a greater ability to recover metabolically, but have a slower HR and subjective recovery.

Effect of Repeated Active Recovery During a High-Intensity Interval-Training Shock Microcycle on Markers of Fatigue

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Christian Raeder ◽  
Tim Meyer ◽  
Michael Kellmann ◽  
Mark Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
International Ranking ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Recovery Act

Purpose:To investigate the effect of repeated use of active recovery during a 4-d shock microcycle with 7 high-intensity interval-training (HIT) sessions on markers of fatigue. Methods:Eight elite male junior tennis players (age 15.1 ± 1.4 y) with an international ranking between 59 and 907 (International Tennis Federation) participated in this study. After each training session, they completed 15 min of either moderate jogging (active recovery [ACT]) or passive recovery (PAS) with a crossover design, which was interrupted by a 4-mo washout period. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, serum concentration of creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and perceived recovery and stress (Short Recovery and Stress Scale) were measured 24 h before and 24 h after the training program. Results:The HIT shock microcycle induced a large decrease in CMJ performance (ACT: effect size [ES] = –1.39, P < .05; PAS: ES = –1.42, P < .05) and perceived recovery (ACT: ES = –1.79, P < .05; PAS: ES = –2.39, P < .05), as well as a moderate to large increase in CK levels (ACT: ES = 0.76, P > .05; PAS: ES = 0.81, P >.05), DOMS (ACT: ES = 2.02, P < .05; PAS: ES = 2.17, P < .05), and perceived stress (ACT: ES = 1.98, P < .05; PAS: ES = 3.06, P < .05), compared with the values before the intervention. However, no significant recovery intervention × time interactions or meaningful differences in changes were noted in any of the markers between ACT and PAS. Conclusions:Repeated use of individualized ACT, consisting of 15 min of moderate jogging, after finishing each training session during an HIT shock microcycle did not affect exercise-induced fatigue.

scholarly journals High-intensity Interval Training Improves Inflammatory Mediators in Obese Women: Based on the Study of the UCP2 Ala55Val Gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 871-875
Author(s):  
Susiana Candrawati ◽  
Emy Huriyati ◽  
Zaenal Muttaqien Sofro ◽  
Lantip Rujito ◽  
Aulia Nury Faza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
T Test ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Increased inflammatory mediators in obesity are associated with metabolic syndrome. Exercise is an effective effort to reduce the incidence of obesity. The High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program is an exercise which include combination of high-intensity exercise and rest periods. The decrease in body fat levels due to physical training will further affect inflammatory mediators such as IL6 and TNFα. Besides training factor, genetic also play a role on obesity. One of the genes that influence obesity is the UCP2 Ala55Val gene. Objectives: This research aims to see the effect of HIIT on the levels of inflammatory mediators in obese patients based on the study of the Ala55Val UCP2 gene. Methods: This study was a Quasi-Experimental Pre and Post Design Without Control Group. Thirty obese women (BMI≥25 kg/m2) were given High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) as an intervention by comparing the data before and after the intervention. The training intervention was conducted for 12 weeks, consisting of two weeks of adaptation and ten weeks of HIIT intervention. The body weight, BMI and inflammatory mediators (TNFα and IL 6) before and after the intervention were analyzed using the Dependent T-Test and Wilcoxon Test as a nonparametric test. Independent T-Test and Mann Whitney test used to determine the effect of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene on changes in body weight, BMI and the inflammatory mediator. The test results were considered significantly different if p<0.05. Results: Bivariate analysis using Dependent T-Test showed that HIIT significantly improved Body Weight, BMI and IL6 with p=0.0001. Wilcoxon Test showed that HIIT significantly improved TNFα with p=0.0001. Independent T-Test showed no difference in body weight (p=0.719), BMI (p=0.663) and TNFα (p=0.264) improvement in the two genotypes of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene. Mann Whitney Test showed no difference in IL6 (p=0.288) improvement in the two genotypes of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene. Conclusion: The research concluded that the 12-week HIIT interventions improved inflammatory mediators by reducing IL6 and TNFα in obese women. There was no effect of genetic variation on the response to training intervention.

Immediate and late acute effect of moderate continuous and high intensity interval training on hypertension stage I: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Ana Luísa Freitas Siqueira ◽  
Gabriela Souza Faria ◽  
Pedro De Oliveira Neto ◽  
Maria Paula Fabrício de Andrade ◽  
Bruna Pereira Molina Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Training Modalities

Physical training is used in the control of arterial hypertension (AH), especially in patients with higher levels of blood pressure (BP). However, there are still few studies on the effects of physical training on AH in less advanced stages of the disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the immediate and late acute effects of continuous moderate physical training (CMT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) in patients with mild AH, and to assess which training method induces a greater hypotensive effect. A female patient, 43 years old, sedentary, diagnosed with mild AH (stage 1), taking Losartana 50 mg twice a day was studied. She underwent one CMT and one HIIT session, one week apart. BP measurements were taken before and after each session, as well as 24 hours before and after the sessions. After the physical training sessions, we observed a drop in the patient's BP that lasted up to 60 minutes, and a reduction in blood pressure levels on the day after the training. We conclude that both training modalities were efficient in reducing the BP of the patient with mild acute immediate and delayed hypertension.

scholarly journals The acute physiological and perceptual effects of recovery interval intensity during cycling-based high-intensity interval training

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. J. Fennell ◽  
James G. Hopker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Recovery Interval ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Purpose The current study sought to investigate the role of recovery intensity on the physiological and perceptual responses during cycling-based aerobic high-intensity interval training. Methods Fourteen well-trained cyclists ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak : 62 ± 9 mL kg−1 min−1) completed seven laboratory visits. At visit 1, the participants’ peak oxygen consumption ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak ) and lactate thresholds were determined. At visits 2–7, participants completed either a 6 × 4 min or 3 × 8 min high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol with one of three recovery intensity prescriptions: passive (PA) recovery, active recovery at 80% of lactate threshold (80A) or active recovery at 110% of lactate threshold (110A). Results The time spent at > 80%, > 90% and > 95% of maximal minute power during the work intervals was significantly increased with PA recovery, when compared to both 80A and 110A, during both HIIT protocols (all P ≤ 0.001). However, recovery intensity had no effect on the time spent at > 90% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak (P = 0.11) or > 95% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak (P = 0.50) during the work intervals of both HIIT protocols. Session RPE was significantly higher following the 110A recovery, when compared to the PA and 80A recovery during both HIIT protocols (P < 0.001). Conclusion Passive recovery facilitates a higher work interval PO and similar internal stress for a lower sRPE when compared to active recovery and therefore may be the efficacious recovery intensity prescription.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Lipocalin-2 and Omentin-1 Levels in Men with Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirvan Atashak ◽  
Stephen R. Stannard ◽  
Ali Daraei ◽  
Mohammad Soltani ◽  
Ayoub Saeidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives: We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on selected circulating adipokines and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risks factors in males with obesity. Methods: Thirty males with obesity were randomly assigned to HIIT and control groups. The HIIT group participated in a prescribed exercise program for 12 weeks, three times per week. Blood lipids, insulin resistance, and select serum adipokines were assessed before and after 12 weeks of the intervention period. Results: HIIT improved body composition and lipid profiles (p<0.05) as well as decreased fasting insulin levels (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.002) levels. Furthermore, HIIT increased levels of lipocalin-2 (lcn2) (p=0.002) while decreasing omentin-1 levels (p=0.001) in males with obesity. Changes in lcn2 and omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in risk factors in the HIIT group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results indicate that 12 weeks of supervised HIIT exercise significantly improves both circulating concentrations of lcn2 and omentin-1, two recently described adipokines, and markers of CVD risk in males with obesity. Further research is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms involved with these changes.

scholarly journals Active Recovery After High-Intensity Interval-Training Does Not Attenuate Training Adaptation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Christoph Schneider ◽  
Alina Schmidt ◽  
Alexander Döweling ◽  
Tim Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Training Adaptation ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Combined Small‐Sided Game and High‐Intensity Interval Training in Soccer Players: The Effect of Exercise Order

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Alireza Rabbani ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Mehdi Kargarfard ◽  
Saeid Jahangiri
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Different Order

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare combined small‐sided game (SSG) and high‐intensity interval training (HIT) with different order. Twenty‐one semi‐professional soccer players were divided into two groups: SSG+HIT (n = 10) and HIT+SSG (n = 11), and underwent similar four‐week training programs. Players completed the 30‐15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30‐15IFT) before and after the experiment; maximum speed (VIFT) was recorded. During the experiment, seven sessions of SSG (3 vs 3) and HIT (15ʺ‐15ʺ with 95‐100% VIFT) were implemented. Weekly accumulated training loads for both groups during the experiment were similar. Moderate improvements in VIFT were observed in both SSG+HIT (+6.2%, 90% confidence limits, [CL] 4.6; 7.7 and Effect Size, [ES] +0.96) and HIT+SSG (+6.9%, 90% CL 4.6; 9.3 and ES +0.97) groups. Between‐group difference in changes of VIFT was trivial (+0.7%, 90% CL ‐1.8; 3.3 and ES +0.11). Combining SSG and HIT in different order elicited the same enhancement in high‐intensity intermittent performance in soccer players.

High-intensity interval training with long duration intervals is more effective than short duration intervals for improving glycolytic capacity in the rats’ gastrocnemius muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Akmali ◽  
Marziyeh Saghebjoo
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Background There is little data regarding the ability of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to increase of glycolytic capacity and intramuscular metabolic adaptations. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT (8 weeks, 5 times/week) with short (HIIT1 min: 16 × 1 min work and active recovery at 80–95% and 50–60% VO2max, respectively) and long (HIIT4 min: 4 × 4 min work and active recovery at 80–95% and 50–60% VO2max, respectively) duration intervals and 4 weeks detraining on the levels of phosphofructokinase (PFK), glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1), monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the rats’ gastrocnemius muscle. Materials and methods Fifty-four male Wistar rats were assigned into three groups, including HIIT1 min, HIIT4 min and control (Ctrl). After 48 h of the last training session and after 4 weeks of detraining, the rats were sacrificed, and the gastrocnemius muscles were isolated. Results The PFK levels in the HIIT4 min group was significantly higher than in the HIIT1 min and Ctrl groups, and after the detraining period in the HIIT4 minDT group significantly decreased compared to the HIIT4 min group. The LDH activity in the HIIT4 min and HIIT1 min groups were significantly higher than the Ctrl group and the increasing trend in the HIIT4 min group was more than the HIIT1 min group. There was no significant change in LDH activity after detraining compared to training. No significant changes were observed in the level of GYS1 and MCT4 after HIIT. Conclusions Eight weeks of HIIT with long duration intervals induced more improvements in intramuscular glycolytic capacity than a short duration. After short-term detraining, some of these adaptations have remained.

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