scholarly journals Schools With Fitter Children Achieve Better Literacy and Numeracy Results: Evidence of a School Cultural Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Telford ◽  
Ross B. Cunningham ◽  
Rohan M. Telford ◽  
Walter P. Abhayaratna
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
School Level ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Dual Emission ◽  
School Cultures ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

Relationships of academic achievement (government tests) with physical fitness (multistage run), physical activity (pedometers) and percent body fat (dual emission X-ray absorptiometry) were examined at both the aggregate school level and the individual child level using data collected from 757 children in 29 elementary schools. Statistical adjustments included gender, grade and socioeconomic status. Between-school relationships of the academic scores with fitness and physical activity were strong and positive, with some evidence of (negative) relationships with percent body fat. The between-child relationships were weaker, and nonexistent with percent body fat. Stronger between-school than between-child relationships favor the argument that variation in school cultures, characterized by concurrent attention to fitness and academic achievement, might play a more dominant role in explaining these relationships than any direct effect of fitness on academic achievement.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT DISMENORE PADA REMAJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Famimah Famimah ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Deny Yudi Fitranti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain was a gynecological complaint due to an imbalance of progesterone in the blood resulting in pain. A woman with dysmenorrhea should consume food rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish oil, fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring), soybeans and fruits. Low fish consumption was related with severity of dysmenorrhea. In addition, physical activity and percent body fat were also associated with severity of dysmenorrhea.Objective : To determine the correlation between consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, physical activity and percent body fat to the classification of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Methods : Cross sectional study of 90 adolescentsselected by purposive sampling. This research was conducted in SMA N 15 and SMA N 9 Semarang. Menstrual history was measured by direct interviews and level of dysmenorrhea was measured using Numerical Rating Scale Questionnaire. Omega-3 fatty acids were measured using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed using a nutritional software program. Physical activity was measured using A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Percent body fat was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed by Independent T test/Mann Whitney. Result : There were significant correlation in omega-3 fatty acid (p= 0,015), and percent body fat (p= 0,026). While in physical activity there was no significant correlation (p= 0,394).Conclusion : Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and percent body fat were associated with the classification of dysmenorrhea.

Abstract MP028: Physical Activity Relates to Lower Visceral Adiposity in Children and Adolescents

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E Staiano ◽  
Stephanie T Broyles ◽  
Alok K Gupta ◽  
Peter T Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Fat Percent

Introduction: Expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) associates with adverse metabolic changes. While regular moderate-to-vigorous activity is associated with lower total body fat in children and adolescents, it is unknown how physical activity relates to other adiposity indices, including VAT. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that regular physical activity in children and adolescents associates with lower body fat, percent body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and VAT. Methods: The sample included 393 boys and girls aged 5–18 years (45.6% White, 50.6% African American, and 3.8% Other). Body fat and percent body fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Abdominal SAT and VAT mass were measured by magnetic resonance imaging between the highest point of the liver and the lower pole of the right kidney (using 5 to 8 cross-sectional slices, 4.76 cm apart). Participants were categorized as being regularly active by self-report: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of ≥ 60 minutes/day, ≥ 4 days/week. Those who were physically active fewer than 4 days/week were categorized as not regularly active. Results: In this sample of children and adolescents, 45.6% of participants were regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age and sex demonstrated that regularly active youth had significantly less body fat (p<0.01) and lower percent body fat (p<0.01) than those who were not regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age, gender, and body fat, revealed that regularly active children and adolescents had no difference in SAT but had significantly lower amounts of VAT (p<0.05) when compared to those who were not regularly active. Conclusion: Engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 60 minutes on four or more days of the week in children and adolescents was related to lower body fat, percent body fat and VAT, when compared to those youth who were less active. The promotion of regular physical activity has significant public health implications for body fat accumulation and for controlling excess VAT during childhood and adolescence.

Physical Activity, But Not Percent Body Fat, Is Related To Depression In Overweight/Obese, Depressed Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Amanda Cary ◽  
Charles E. Robison ◽  
Bethany A. Rallis ◽  
Kyla A. Machell ◽  
Meredith Bean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Percent Body Fat

scholarly journals Objective Versus Self-Reported Physical Activity in Overweight and Obese Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1394-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Jakicic ◽  
Wendy C. King ◽  
Bethany Barone Gibbs ◽  
Renee J. Rogers ◽  
Amy D. Rickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background:To compare moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) assessed via questionnaires to an objective measure of MVPA in overweight or obese young adults.Methods:MVPA was assessed in 448 [median BMI = 31.2 (Interquartile Range: 28.5–34.3) kg/m2] young adults [median age: 30.9 (Interquartile Range: 27.8–33.7) years]. Measures included the SenseWear Armband (MVPAOBJ), the Paffenbarger Questionnaire (MVPAPAFF), and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The GPAQ was used to compute total MVPA (MVPAGPAQ-TOTAL) and MVPA from transportation and recreation (MVPAGPAQ-REC).Results:The association between MVPAOBJ and MVPAPAFF was rs = 0.40 (P < .0001). Associations between MVPAOBJ and MVPAGPAQ-TOTAL and MVPAGPAQ-REC were rs = 0.19 and rs = 0.32, respectively (P < .0001). MVPAGPAQ-TOTAL was significantly greater than MVPAOBJ (P < .0001). Median differences in MET-min/week between MVPAOBJ and MVPAPAFF or MVPAGPAQ-REC were not significantly different from zero. There was proportional bias between each self-reported measure of MVPA and MVPAOBJ. There were significant associations between all measures of MVPA and fitness. MVPAOBJ was significantly associated with BMI and percent body fat.Conclusions:Objective and self-reported measures of MVPA are weakly to moderately correlated, with substantial differences between measures. MVPAOBJ provided predictive validity with fitness, BMI, and percent body fat. Thus, an objective measure of MVPA may be preferred to self-report in young adults.

Skeletal muscle TLR4 and TACE are associated with body fat percentage in older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L. Timmerman ◽  
Ian D. Connors ◽  
Michael A. Deal ◽  
Rachael E. Mott
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk

Elevated skeletal muscle expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been linked to increased inflammation in clinical populations. TNFα converting enzyme (TACE), which cleaves membrane-bound TNFα (mTNFα) to its soluble (sTNFα) and more bioactive form, has been linked to chronic disease. In contrast, higher physical activity level is associated with decreased chronic disease risk and inflammation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and skeletal muscle TLR4, TACE, and TNFα in older adults. In 26 older adults (age = 68 ± 4 years, body mass index = 26 ± 3 kg·m−2), self-reported physical activity (kcal·week−1), estimated maximal oxygen consumption, and body composition (air plethysmography) were measured. TLR4, TACE, mTNFα, and sTNFα were measured in skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) using western blot analyses. Pearson product-moment correlations were run between variables. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Skeletal muscle TACE was directly associated with sTNFα (r = 0.53, p < 0.01). Linear regression modeling showed that mTNFα and TACE expression were predictive of sTNFα expression. No correlations were observed between physical activity and TLR4, TACE, or sTNFα. Percent body fat was directly associated with skeletal muscle TLR4 (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and TACE (r = 0.50, p < 0.01), whereas fasting blood glucose was directly associated with TACE and sTNFα. In conclusion, we found that percent body fat was directly associated with TLR4 and TACE expression in skeletal muscle of older adults. These findings suggest that elevated skeletal muscle expression of TLR4 and TACE may contribute to the augmented inflammation and chronic disease risk observed with increased adiposity.

Inter-Relationships Among Physical Activity, Body Fat, and Motor Performance in 6- to 8-Year-Old Danish Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle M. Morrison ◽  
Anna Bugge ◽  
Bianca El-Naaman ◽  
Joey C. Eisenmann ◽  
Karsten Froberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Throwing Accuracy

This study examined the interrelationships among physical activity (PA), percent body fat (%BF), and motor performance (MP) in 498 6- to 8-year-old Danish children. PA was assessed by accelerometer, %BF was calculated from skinfolds, and the Koordinations Test für Kinder along with a throwing accuracy test was used to assess MP. PA was not correlated with %BF, but was significantly correlated with MP. The strongest correlations existed between %BF and MP. Low %BF/High PA had higher MP scores compared with High %BF/Low PA, and within the High %BF groups MP was higher in the High PA versus Low PA group. When comparing PA by %BF and MP groups, boys in the Low %BF/High MP had higher PA than both the Low %BF/Low MP and High %BF/Low MP groups. In girls, PA was highest in the High %BF/High MP group. This study highlights the complex interrelationships among PA, %BF, and MP in children and the need to develop fundamental motor skills during childhood.

scholarly journals Relationship between Smartphone Use Time, Sitting Time, and Fitness Level in University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Jun-Il Yoo ◽  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Kyung-Wan Baek ◽  
Min-Ho Kim ◽  
Ji-Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Smartphone Use

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of smartphone use time, sitting time, and fitness level in university students.METHODS: The participants of this study were 237 healthy university students (157 males and 80 females) enrolled from 2017 to 2018. The smartphone use time was divided into three groups: 0-4, ≥4-10, and ≥10 hours, as was the sitting time: 0-4, 4-7, and ≥7 hours. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the smartphone use time and sitting time for having low levels of fitness.RESULTS: There were linear decreases in physical fitness levels across incremental smartphone use time and sitting time. Compared to the smartphone use time for 0-4 hours (reference), smartphone use time for the ≥4-10 hours (OR=2.498; 95% CI=1.007-6.197; <i>p</i>=.048) or the 10≥group (OR=3.516; 95% CI=1.228-10.064; <i>p</i>=.019) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity and percent body fat. Likewise, logistic regression analyses showed that those who had sitting time for ≥7 hours (OR=3.135; 95% CI=1.155-8.512; <i>p</i>=.025) had significantly higher ORs of having lower fitness even after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, and percent body fat, as compared with those who had sitting time for 0-<4 hours.CONCLUSIONS: The current finding suggest that the smartphone using time and sitting time were associated with having the risk of lower level of physical fitness in university students.

scholarly journals Correlation between Height And Percent Body Fat with Musculoskeletal Fitness at Adolesence

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Kamilia Rahmayanti ◽  
Trini Sudiarti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Nutrients Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

<em>This study aims to determine the relationship between energy and nutrients intake, body weight, height, BMI-for-Age, percent body fat, physical activity, and socioeconomic status with musculoskeletal fitness. This study used a cross-sectional design. A total of 151 students from </em>5<em> Bekasi High School class X and XI were included in this study. Food intake was measured using 2x24 hours food recall, physical activity using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), </em><em>anthropometri by direct measurement, and socioeconomic using Family Affluence Scale (FAS) questionnaire. Regression analysis for bivariate and Anova for analysis of socioeconomic status.  The results of this study showed that there were a significant relationship between energy (p=0,001) and nutrients intake (carbohydrate p=0,037; protein (p=0,001; fat (p=0,001), body weight (p=0,002), height (p=0,001), percent body fat (p=0,001), and physical activity (p=0,001) with musculoskeletal fitness before controlled by sex. After stratification analysis by sex, there was a significant relationship between height and percent body fat with musculoskeletal fitness(p&lt;0,005), but only found in male students.</em>

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