scholarly journals Competitive Orientations among Intercollegiate Athletes: Is Winning the Only Thing?

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L. Gill ◽  
David A. Dzewaltowski
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Division I ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletes ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Main Effects

In this exploratory investigation of competitive orientations, intercollegiate athletes from a highly competitive Division I program and nonathletes from the same university completed Gill’s Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) which assesses competitiveness, win and goal orientation; Vealey’s Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI) which assesses the relative importance of performing well (performance) and winning (outcome) in competitive sports; and Helmreich and Spence’s Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire (WOFO), a general achievement orientation measure. A Gender × Athlete/Nonathlete MANOVA yielded both gender and athlete/nonathlete main effects and no interaction. The gender difference was most evident for competitiveness scores, with males scoring higher than females on competitiveness and win orientation. Athletes scored higher than nonathletes on most measures, but especially so on the sport-specific competitiveness score. Athletes also placed more emphasis on performance and less on outcome than nonathletes did. A secondary analysis compared the eight athletic teams and revealed considerable variation among teams. Generally the team differences were not gender differences but seemed to reflect the competitive structure of the activity.

Psychological determinants of motivation in coaches of martial arts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Joanna Basiaga-Pasternak ◽  
Tadeusz Ambroży ◽  
Krzysztof Wrześniewski ◽  
Dariusz Mucha
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Sport Motivation ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Polish Adaptation

Introduction. Motivation is one of the key topics in sport psychology. The majority of researches concerning sport motivation are focused on the motivation of sport competitors. The present study concentrates on the motivation of coaches The aim of the present study was to investigate the type of sport motivation (based on distinction of types of sport achievement orientation by Gill and Deeter: competitiveness, win orientation, goal orientation) in coaches of martial arts, and to determine temperamental and personality-related determinants of motivation. Material and methods. The participants comprised 37 male trainers of martial arts (25 boxing coaches, 12 karate coaches). The average age was 36,8 years. The study employed various research tools including: The Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) by Gill & Deeter in the Polish adaptation by Marcin Krawczyński, EPQ-R – Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in the Polish adaptation by Brzozowski and Drwal, and FCB-TI – Formal Characteristic of Behaviour – Tempe­rament Inventory by Zawadzki and Strelau. Results. The study has shown statistically significant differences in win orientation between the coaches of boxing and karate. Higher levels of win orientation were observed in the karate coaches. The correlations between goal oriented motivation and neuroticism, and between goal orientation and such temperamental dimensions as emotional reactivity or endurance were also noted in this group. Among the boxing coaches the correlation between sensory sensitivity and goal orientation was found. Conclusions. The results indicate that most differentiating type of motivation between the coaches is the goal orientation, which shows correlations with temperamental and personality variables.

scholarly journals Sport Discontinuation: An Assessment of Goal Achievement via Empirical Measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Patrick Marsh ◽  
Jeffrey C Petersen ◽  
Barbara Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Division I ◽  
Empirical Measures ◽  
Athletic Teams

Collegiate athletic teams are being eliminated at an alarming rate; however, empirical research of athletic spending and participation after these cuts occur is lacking. This study compared whether the proffered rationales for discontinuing teams were consistent with the measurable budgetary and participation outcomes. From a sample of NCAA Division I institutions that discontinued at least one team between the academic years 2000-01 and 2008-09 (N = 125), a total of 49 schools with documented cut rationales were identified. The EADA cutting tool was then used to examine athletic revenues, expenses, and participation numbers from the year prior and the year after the cuts to determine, via descriptive statistics and paired t-tests, if the stated objectives were met. The three reasons primarily cited for the program elimination included: reducing athletic spending (44.9%), reallocating resources (42.9%), and Title IX compliance (18.4%). Statistical analysis revealed that only institutions citing reallocation of athletic resources were able to achieve their stated goals. Institutions citing efforts to reduce athletic spending had significant increases in athletic expenses and none of the institutions citing Title IX compliance achieved substantial proportionality. These results show a troubling disconnection between the elimination rationale and the budgetary and participation outcomes that is worthy of additional investigation.

An Exploratory Study of the Transportation Practices Utilized by NCAA Universities: Preventative Measures for Coaches and Administrators

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beck ◽  
Bernie Goldfine ◽  
Susan Whitlock ◽  
Todd Seidler ◽  
Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Division I ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Athletic Programs ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletic ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletic Programs

Currently more than 1,000 NCAA member institutions have intercollegiate athletic programs. The athletic teams from all of these institutions must travel in order to participate in sanctioned competitions as well as some training sessions. Transportation methods vary and consist of airplanes, chartered buses, 12 and 15-passenger vans, university-owned vehicles, minibuses, and student-athlete vehicles. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine and compare the current transportation practices of Division I, Division II, and Division III teams, in particular those transportation practices involving teams for sports which are typically non-revenue producing. A total of 120 colleges were randomly selected for this study, and 43% of these institutions responded. Results indicate that many teams are not using the safest methods to transport their athletes. Coaches are frequently called upon as drivers and 15-passenger vans are used at a high rate. Schools also failed to implement the majority of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) recommendations for the transportation of student-athletes.

The nature and extent of college student hazing

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Allan ◽  
Mary Madden
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletes ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background: This study explored the nature and extent of college student hazing in the USA. Hazing, a form of interpersonal violence, can jeopardize the health and safety of students. Methods: Using a web-based survey, data were collected from 11,482 undergraduate students, aged 18–25 years, who attended one of 53 colleges and universities. Additionally, researchers interviewed 300 students and staff at 18 of the campuses. Results: Results reveal hazing among USA college students is widespread and involves a range of student organizations and athletic teams. Alcohol consumption, humiliation, isolation, sleep-deprivation and sex acts are hazing practices common across student groups. Furthermore, there is a large gap between the number of students who report experience with hazing behaviors and those that label their experience as hazing. Conclusions: To date, hazing prevention efforts in post-secondary education have focused largely on students in fraternities/sororities and intercollegiate athletes. Findings from this study can inform development of more comprehensive and research-based hazing prevention efforts that target a wider range of student groups. Further, data can serve as a baseline from which to measure changes in college student hazing over time.

Goal Setting in Competitive Sport: An Exploratory Investigation of Practices of Collegiate Athletes

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Weinberg ◽  
Damon Burton ◽  
David Yukelson ◽  
Dan Weigand
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Division I ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Outcome Goals ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Overall Performance

The purpose of the present investigation was to explore athletes’ responses regarding the frequency, effectiveness, and importance of different types of goals to enhance their performance. Subjects (N = 678) were collegiate athletes at three NCAA Division I schools from different regions of the United States. Each athlete completed an extensive questionnaire detailing his or her perceptions regarding the use and effectiveness of a number of different goal-setting strategies. Descriptive results revealed that virtually all athletes practiced some type of goal setting to help enhance performance and that they found their goals to be moderately to highly effective. Athletes also reported that improving overall performance, winning, and having fun were their three most important goals. Many significant differences were found when comparing groups. For example, although females generally set more performance goals than males, males set more outcome goals than females. Future directions for research are offered including studying developmental differences and barriers/facilitators to achieving goals.

Male and Female Coaches of Women’s Athletic Teams: Reasons for Entering and Leaving the Profession

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Pastore
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Past ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Female Coaches

During the past two decades the number of female athletes has increased while the number of female coaches has declined. The purpose of this study was to determine the reasons why NCAA Division I male and female coaches of women’s athletic teams enter and leave the profession. The findings indicate that coaches enter the profession to remain in competitive athletics and would leave the profession to spend more time with family and friends. Further research in this area is recommended to determine solutions to the problem of the declining number of female coaches.

Types of Leadership and Performance Norms of School Athletic Teams

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Group Relations ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Group Orientation ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Group Members ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Team Captains

This study assessed whether the four types of leadership by team captains, based on leaders' goal achievement orientation (P-function) and group-relations orientation (M-function) designated by Misumi affected performance norms, i.e., attitudes shared among group members about how high a level of performance the group should achieve, Banzai's 1989 leadership scale, Misumi's 1985 and Patchen's 1966 performance measures (ratings by team members) were modified for a sports setting and completed by 1972 athletes who belonged to 114 school athletic teams. Analysis showed that the performance norms were highest under leaders of both goal achievement and group orientation (high on both P- and M-function), followed by Pm and pM types (high in only one of two functions) and pm type (low on both orientations). The present results indicate that types of leadership affect performance norms of school athletic teams.

scholarly journals NCAA Division I Athletes’ Engagement in Educationally Sound Activities: A Review of the Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddie Comeaux ◽  
Rebecca Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Campus Climate ◽  
Academic Support ◽  
Division I ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletes ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Division I Athletes

Today’s academic support centers will have to forge a more authentically responsive approach to address the needs of intercollegiate athletes in U.S. higher education. This approach must include new and different ways of thinking about all athletes and the quality of their educational experience. This article presents findings from a review of a steadily growing body of research on the benefits of educationally sound engagement activities for Division I athletes. The review indicates that participating in purposeful engagement activities enhances athletes’ personal and academic self-concept and their collective learning and communication skills. These academic-related activities for athletes are conditional on sport demands and the campus climate. The article concludes with an introduction to the Career Transition Scorecard, a data-driven approach to fostering evidence-based practices among practitioners that can improve academic engagement activities among athletes by race/ethnicity, gender, and type of sport.

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