Psychological determinants of motivation in coaches of martial arts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Joanna Basiaga-Pasternak ◽  
Tadeusz Ambroży ◽  
Krzysztof Wrześniewski ◽  
Dariusz Mucha
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Sport Motivation ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Polish Adaptation

Introduction. Motivation is one of the key topics in sport psychology. The majority of researches concerning sport motivation are focused on the motivation of sport competitors. The present study concentrates on the motivation of coaches The aim of the present study was to investigate the type of sport motivation (based on distinction of types of sport achievement orientation by Gill and Deeter: competitiveness, win orientation, goal orientation) in coaches of martial arts, and to determine temperamental and personality-related determinants of motivation. Material and methods. The participants comprised 37 male trainers of martial arts (25 boxing coaches, 12 karate coaches). The average age was 36,8 years. The study employed various research tools including: The Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) by Gill & Deeter in the Polish adaptation by Marcin Krawczyński, EPQ-R – Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in the Polish adaptation by Brzozowski and Drwal, and FCB-TI – Formal Characteristic of Behaviour – Tempe­rament Inventory by Zawadzki and Strelau. Results. The study has shown statistically significant differences in win orientation between the coaches of boxing and karate. Higher levels of win orientation were observed in the karate coaches. The correlations between goal oriented motivation and neuroticism, and between goal orientation and such temperamental dimensions as emotional reactivity or endurance were also noted in this group. Among the boxing coaches the correlation between sensory sensitivity and goal orientation was found. Conclusions. The results indicate that most differentiating type of motivation between the coaches is the goal orientation, which shows correlations with temperamental and personality variables.

Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Personality: The Netherlands and England

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sanderman ◽  
S. B. G. Eysenck ◽  
W. A. Arrindell
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

401 men and 475 women completed the Dutch version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Factor comparisons all exceeded 0.97 so that the factors of Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Social Desirability are deemed to be identical in the two countries, England and The Netherlands. Sex differences conform with those in most other cross-cultural studies, namely, men score higher than women on Psychoticism and Extraversion, but lower on Neuroticism and Social Desirability. Reliabilities (alpha coefficients) are satisfactorily high for all factors, although the lowest value (0.62) for the Psychoticism dimension for Dutch men appears somewhat weak. National differences on personality variables were only significant for the Neuroticism scale and Social Desirability; Dutch men and women scored lower on the Neuroticism scale than their English counterparts but higher on Social Desirability.

Temperament and Coping Activity Under Stress of Changing Intensity Over Time

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Heszen
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
And Coping ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Over Time

Temperament is probably an important factor that influences coping activity. The framework of the study was the Regulative Theory of Temperament by Strelau, where six temperamental traits are distinguished: emotional reactivity, perseveration, activity, briskness, sensory sensitivity, and endurance. These traits were hypothesized to be connected to coping activity in accordance with their psychological characteristics. It was also expected that the associations between temperament and coping activity should depend on stress intensity. Participants were 278 diabetics and 232 patients after first myocardial infarction (MI). The study was longitudinal and two diseases had been purposely selected so as to represent stress intensity either increasing (in diabetes) or decreasing (after MI) over time. Temperamental traits as well as coping activity components: cognitive appraisal, affect, and coping strategies were measured using self-report questionnaires. As hypothesized, temperamental traits were connected to coping activity. Phase-related changes in coping activity confirmed an increase in stress levels in diabetics, while cardiac patients tended to experience the situation as more challenging. While the expectation referring to the differential role of temperament under different levels of stress intensity was not confirmed, the connections of temperament with coping activity were found to decrease under long-term stress.

Introducing the Martial Arts Inventory: Quantifying Student Training Experiences for Quality Control and Evidence of Efficacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 003151252094679
Author(s):  
Glenn T. Sandford ◽  
Peter R. Gill ◽  
Romana Morda ◽  
Andrew Jago
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Training Environment

There is a need for a questionnaire that quantifies what students actually experience during martial arts (MA) training. Although no such measure exists, having one would allow researchers to identify the specific components of the MA training experience that may benefit participants’ health outcomes, and permit MA training organizations to implement control and consistency measures. In this article we report the development and psychometric properties of the Martial Arts Inventory (MAI). This study comprised three phases: (a) question development, (b) exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and (c) a correlational validity demonstration. We developed a 106 item questionnaire and then used exploratory factor analysis ( n = 252) to extract eight distinct factors (meditative training, respectful discipline, positive training environment, streaming, training behaviour, heavy training, goal orientation, and physical challenge) that were represented by 48 items. We demonstrated convergent validity through positive correlations between this questionnaire and measures of both self-regulation and mindfulness. As a first of its kind instrument, the MAI has the preliminary psychometric basis to be used by researchers and clinicians for measuring the consistency of student experiences across MA schools, and for exploring the efficacy of MA training for various applications, including participant psychosocial health outcomes. Additionally, further refinement and validity testing of this tool will be needed.

scholarly journals Competitive Orientations among Intercollegiate Athletes: Is Winning the Only Thing?

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L. Gill ◽  
David A. Dzewaltowski
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Division I ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletes ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Main Effects

In this exploratory investigation of competitive orientations, intercollegiate athletes from a highly competitive Division I program and nonathletes from the same university completed Gill’s Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) which assesses competitiveness, win and goal orientation; Vealey’s Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI) which assesses the relative importance of performing well (performance) and winning (outcome) in competitive sports; and Helmreich and Spence’s Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire (WOFO), a general achievement orientation measure. A Gender × Athlete/Nonathlete MANOVA yielded both gender and athlete/nonathlete main effects and no interaction. The gender difference was most evident for competitiveness scores, with males scoring higher than females on competitiveness and win orientation. Athletes scored higher than nonathletes on most measures, but especially so on the sport-specific competitiveness score. Athletes also placed more emphasis on performance and less on outcome than nonathletes did. A secondary analysis compared the eight athletic teams and revealed considerable variation among teams. Generally the team differences were not gender differences but seemed to reflect the competitive structure of the activity.

Temperamental Determinants of Social Competencies

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Martowska
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Respondent Group

Abstract The research concerned the determinants of social competencies, which are significant indicators of the quality of interpersonal relations. The aim of the study was to verify the connection between social competencies and temperamental traits. The respondent group included 220 university students of different faculties aged 19-24. Social competencies were measured with the use of a Social Competencies Questionnaire (SCQ) by Anna Matczak, while temperamental traits were measured with The Formal Characteristics of Behaviour-Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), by Bogdan Zawadzki and Jan Strelau. The research proved that activity, emotional reactivity and sensory sensitivity are significant predictors of social competencies. The predictive value of these traits differs depending on the kind of measured competency.

scholarly journals The Association between Temperament, Chronotype, Depressive Symptoms, and Disease Activity among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1347
Author(s):  
Łukasz Mokros ◽  
Danuta Domżał-Magrowska ◽  
Tadeusz Pietras ◽  
Kasper Sipowicz ◽  
Renata Talar-Wojnarowska
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Sensitivity Score

The psychological aspect may play an important role in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The aims of this study were to explore the differences between patients with UC and CD regarding chronotype, temperament and depression, and to assess the psychological factors mentioned as predictors of disease activity. In total, n = 37 patients with UC and n = 47 patients with CD were included in the study. They underwent a clinical assessment, including the Mayo score or Crohn Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and completed questionnaires: a sociodemographic survey, Formal Characteristics of Behavior–Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), Chronotype Questionnaire (CQ), and the Beck Depression Index II (BDI). The Sensory Sensitivity score was higher among patients with CD than UC (p = 0.04). The emotional reactivity and endurance scores were higher among women than men with CD (p = 0.028 and p = 0.012 respectively). CQ Morningness–Eveningness (ME) correlated with Endurance (p = 0.041), Emotional Reactivity (p = 0.016), and Activity (p = 0.004). ME correlated with Rhythmicity among CD patients (p = 0.002). The Mayo score was predicted by Perseverance. The CDAI score was predicted by the BDI score. The pattern of the relationship between chronotype and temperament may differentiate patients with UC and CD. Personal disposition may play a role in the clinical assessment of patients with IBD.

scholarly journals Temperamental and Personality Traits as Factors Related to Changes in Health Behaviors and Quality of Life in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Burnos ◽  
Andrzej Skrobowski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Motivational Intervention ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity

Lifestyle changes in diet and physical activity are necessary for managing metabolic syndrome. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine temperamental and personality traits as moderators of lifestyle changes prompted by motivational intervention. The sample consisted of 50 patients aged 22–65years (M=45.26; SD=9.79) who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and were undergoing treatment at the Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw. There were two measurements: an initial measurement and a second 15months after motivational counseling. Each patient completed the questionnaires: Formal Characteristics of Behavior – Temperament Inventory, NEO Five Factor Inventory, Inventory of Health Behavior, and Short Form Survey SF-36. Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass, Fat-free Mass, Intracellular Water, and Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) were also measured. Data were analyzed using dependent samples t-tests to detect the changes in consecutive measurements, the hierarchical regression analysis was used to investigate temperamental and personality traits as predictors of change, the cluster analysis was used to extract the subgroups of patients with distinct profiles of temperamental and personality traits, and the analysis of variance was used to analyze extracted profiles as potential moderators of change. Three subgroups were extracted using k-means clustering: patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity; patients higher Extraversion, Briskness, Sensory Sensitivity, Endurance, Activity, and Conscientiousness; and patients with lower Perseveration. All patients improved significantly in terms of physical quality of life (QoL), health behaviors, BMI, BMR, and Fat-free Mass (p<0.05). Regression analysis found that higher Sensory Sensitivity, lower Perseveration, and higher Agreeableness fostered positive change (p<0.05). Patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity also improved in terms of their Emotional Quality of Life and Health Practices, reaching parity with other patients, which was verified on the basis of statistically significant interaction (p<0.05). The temperamental and personality trait profiles moderated the changes in health practices and emotional QoL. Motivational counseling was effective for patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in general, but patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity benefited even more, as they were in poorer psychological condition before the motivational intervention.

scholarly journals Goal Orientation in Lifesaving Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
A. Baena-Extremera ◽  
JA. Abraldes ◽  
A. Granero-Gallegos ◽  
M. Gómez-López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Consistency Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Sport Motivation

Background:The aims of this papers are two: 1) To study goal orientation in Lifesaving practitioners and 2) to analyze the differences in goal orientation depending of variables? such as sex, age and sport specialty.Method:Participants were 136 specialists swimmers in Rescue and Lifesaving, from youth (from 15 to 16 years) to junior (from 17 to 18 years) category. The Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ) was used to ask the objective of this research; also an internal consistency analysis of the instrument and a descriptive analysis of all variables were performed. A t-test for independent samples was used to confirm differences between groups.Result:The significance level was set at p ≤ .05. In general, the results showed dispositional at task-orientation. Gender differences were found in pool and beach specialists but none between the age categories. The results show strong sport motivation that favours sport for pleasure minimizing demotivation and dropout.

Associations Between Self-Reported Temperament and Self-Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Justyna Śniecińska
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Self Knowledge

Abstract. Temperament and self-knowledge are both considered important regulators of behavior. Although their areas of influence overlap to some point, little is known about their association. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore if and how they are related to each other, specifically if temperamental dimensions predict self-evaluations in four important domains of self-knowledge. The results showed that temperamental dimensions derived from the regulative theory of temperament were predictors of self-evaluations in all four domains of self-knowledge to a certain degree. Temperament accounted for the greatest amount of variance in self-evaluations of the agency domain, which were positively predicted by briskness and activity, and negatively predicted by emotional reactivity. Both interpersonal attractiveness and social acceptance were positively predicted by briskness, activity, and sensory sensitivity, whereas positive predictors of morality were briskness and sensory sensitivity.

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