scholarly journals Algicidal Activity of Streptomyces eurocidicus JXJ-0089 Metabolites and Their Effects on Microcystis Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (17) ◽  
pp. 5132-5143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Huo Zhang ◽  
Zhang-Gui Ding ◽  
Han-Quan Li ◽  
Xiao-Zhen Mou ◽  
Yu-Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Algicidal Compounds ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

ABSTRACTCopper sulfate (CuSO4) has been widely used as an algicide to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) in freshwater lakes. However, there are increasing concerns about this application, due mainly to the general toxicity of CuSO4to other aquatic species and its long-term persistence in the environment. This study reported the isolation and characterization of two natural algicidal compounds, i.e., tryptamine and tryptoline, fromStreptomyceseurocidicusJXJ-0089. At a concentration of 5 μg/ml, both compounds showed higher algicidal efficiencies than CuSO4onMicrocystissp. FACHB-905 and some other harmful cyanobacterial strains. Tryptamine and tryptoline treatments induced a degradation of chlorophyll and cell walls of cyanobacteria. These two compounds also significantly increased the intracellular oxidant content, i.e., superoxide anion radical (O2−) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but reduced the activity of intracellular reductants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), of cyanobacteria. Moreover, tryptamine and tryptoline treatments significantly altered the internal and external contents of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a common cyanotoxin. Like CuSO4, tryptamine and tryptoline led to releases of intracellular MC-LR fromMicrocystis, but with lower rates than CuSO4. Tryptamine and tryptoline (5 μg/ml) in cyanobacterial cultures were completely degraded within 8 days, while CuSO4persisted for months. Overall, our results suggest that tryptamine and tryptoline could potentially serve as more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative algicides than CuSO4in controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms.IMPORTANCECyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in aquatic environments have become a worldwide problem. Numerous efforts have been made to seek means to prevent, control, and mitigate CyanoHABs. Copper sulfate (CuSO4), was once a common algicide to treat and control CyanoHABs. However, its application has become limited due to concerns about its general toxicity to other aquatic species and its long-term persistence in the environment. There is a great need for algicides with higher specificity and low environmental impacts. This study reports the isolation and characterization of two natural algicidal compounds from a streptomycete strain,Streptomyces eurocidicusJXJ-0089. Our results suggest that the identified algicides could potentially serve as more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative algicides than CuSO4in controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms.

Arginine synthesis by hepatomas in vitro. II. Isolation and characterization of Morris hepatoma variants unable to convert ornithine to arginine, and modulation of urea-cycle enzymes by dexamethasone and cyclic-AMP

1984 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-319
Author(s):  
S.J. Goss
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Rat Liver Cells ◽  
Morris Hepatoma ◽  
Ornithine Transcarbamoylase ◽  
Cellular Incorporation

‘77orn’, a derivative of the Morris rat hepatoma 7777, stably expresses high levels of ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC) and carbamoylphosphate synthetase I (CPS-I), and is able to grow indefinitely in ornithine-medium (medium with ornithine in place of arginine). Variants that have lost this ability are isolated from 77orn by a ‘suicide’ selective technique dependent on the cellular incorporation of [3H]ornithine. These variants, which have reduced levels of CPS-I, or of both CPS-I and OTC, are shown to have developed multiple hormonal requirements; their enzyme deficiencies can be reversed by use of an appropriately supplemented medium. In particular, CPS-I is inducible by dexamethasone and dibutyryl-cyclic-AMP in combination. Cholera toxin can be used instead of cyclic-AMP, but then butyrate is additionally required if the induction is to be maintained in the long term. The use of these agents in excess can depress OTC. Several other hepatomas, and alos explanted foetal rat liver cells, have similar requirements for CPS-I expression. It is argued that multiple hormonal requirements for CPS-I production are normal in liver cells in vitro, and that hormone-independent hepatomas should be regarded as abnormal. The implications of this for the somatic cell genetic investigation of differentiation are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Characterization of blaCTX-M-27/F1:A2:B20 Plasmids Harbored by Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Sublineage C1/H30R Isolates Spreading among Elderly Japanese in Nonacute-Care Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Matsuo ◽  
Rina Nonogaki ◽  
Michiko Hayashi ◽  
Jun-ichi Wachino ◽  
Masahiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
Elderly Japanese

ABSTRACT We characterized 29 blaCTX-M-27-harboring plasmids of Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) sublineage C1/H30R isolates from healthy individuals and long-term-care facility (LTCF) residents. Most (27/29) plasmids were of the FIA, FIB, and FII multireplicon type with the same plasmid multilocus sequence typing (pMLST). Several plasmids (7/23) from LTCF residents harbored only blaCTX-M-27 as the resistance gene; however, their fundamental structures were very similar to those of previously isolated blaCTX-M-27/F1:A2:B20 plasmids, suggesting their prevalence as a newly arising public health concern.

Antecedents of green consumption: a scale of measure

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinove Marde ◽  
Claire Verite-Masserot
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to provide a scale of measure that is based on the antecedents of environmentally friendly consumption, which will measure multifaceted profiles and apply to several product categories over the long term. Design/methodology/approach The list of antecedents is derived from the literature and a qualitative study. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses using two samples of respondents are conducted to validate the scale. Findings The results suggest the use of a scale with three multi-dimensional facets when examining the antecedents of environmentally friendly consumption. The first facet is called “barriers to purchase” and has a four-dimensional structure; the second facet is called the “relationship with the product” and has a two-dimensional structure; and the third facet is called the “propensity to consume environmentally friendly products” and has a four-dimensional structure. Research limitations/implications Future research should seek to test and confirm the version of the global tool of measure proposed in this study. Practical implications Firms can use the tool to better understand the reasons to buy or not buy green products. They can now have multifaceted profiles to better comprehend environmentally aware consumption and to adapt their marketing strategies. Originality/value The tool of measure proposed here highlights the predictive indicators of green consumption based on its antecedents. Because these antecedents can differ not only in their nature but also in their intensity, combining them to develop a global tool is necessary.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Akhmeta Virus from Wild-Caught Rodents (Apodemus spp.) in Georgia

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Doty ◽  
Giorgi Maghlakelidze ◽  
Irakli Sikharulidze ◽  
Shin-Lin Tu ◽  
Clint N. Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subsequent Investigation ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT In 2013, a novel orthopoxvirus was detected in skin lesions of two cattle herders from the Kakheti region of Georgia (country); this virus was named Akhmeta virus. Subsequent investigation of these cases revealed that small mammals in the area had serological evidence of orthopoxvirus infections, suggesting their involvement in the maintenance of these viruses in nature. In October 2015, we began a longitudinal study assessing the natural history of orthopoxviruses in Georgia. As part of this effort, we trapped small mammals near Akhmeta (n = 176) and Gudauri (n = 110). Here, we describe the isolation and molecular characterization of Akhmeta virus from lesion material and pooled heart and lung samples collected from five wood mice (Apodemus uralensis and Apodemus flavicollis) in these two locations. The genomes of Akhmeta virus obtained from rodents group into 2 clades: one clade represented by viruses isolated from A. uralensis samples, and one clade represented by viruses isolated from A. flavicollis samples. These genomes also display several presumptive recombination events for which gene truncation and identity have been examined. IMPORTANCE Akhmeta virus is a unique Orthopoxvirus that was described in 2013 from the country of Georgia. This paper presents the first isolation of this virus from small mammal (Rodentia; Apodemus spp.) samples and the molecular characterization of those isolates. The identification of the virus in small mammals is an essential component to understanding the natural history of this virus and its transmission to human populations and could guide public health interventions in Georgia. Akhmeta virus genomes harbor evidence suggestive of recombination with a variety of other orthopoxviruses; this has implications for the evolution of orthopoxviruses, their ability to infect mammalian hosts, and their ability to adapt to novel host species.

Rhizosphere biodegradation studies on long-term PCB contaminated soil; isolation and characterization of different rhizosphere microbial communities from PCBs soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. S236-S237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Ionescu ◽  
Katarina Beranova ◽  
Lucia Kochankova ◽  
Katerina Demnerova ◽  
Tomas Macek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals In Vitro Isolation and Characterization of Oxazolidinone-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. McNeil ◽  
Devon D. Dennison ◽  
Catherine D. Shelton ◽  
Tanya Parish
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L3 ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT Oxazolidinones are promising candidates for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. We isolated linezolid-resistant strains from H37Rv (Euro-American) and HN878 (East-Asian) strains; resistance frequencies were similar in the two strains. Mutations were identified in ribosomal protein L3 (RplC) and the 23S rRNA (rrl). All mutant strains were cross resistant to sutezolid; a subset was cross resistant to chloramphenicol. Mutations in rrl led to growth impairment and decreased fitness that may limit spread in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequences of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strains TT6675 and TT9097 Employed in the Isolation and Characterization of a Giant Phage Mutant Collection

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Ming Gan ◽  
Wilhelm Wei Han Eng ◽  
Melissa K. Barton ◽  
Lily E. Adams ◽  
Nurul Aisyah Samsudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phage Mutant ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Mutant Collection

ABSTRACT We report here the genome sequences of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains TT6675 and TT9097, which we utilize for genetic analyses of giant bacterial viruses. Our analyses identified several genetic variations between the two strains, most significantly confirming strain TT6675 as a serine suppressor and TT9097 as a nonsuppressor.

Isolation and characterization of glioblastoma nuclei and chromosomes in the lyophilized state

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolff M. Kirsch ◽  
Demoy Schulz ◽  
Paul Nakane ◽  
Robert Lasher ◽  
Tadami Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nonaqueous Media ◽  
Biosynthetic Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Subcellular Organelle ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Intact lyophilized nuclei and chromosomes were obtained from glioblastomas or brain, either in situ or in culture, by freezing at −156°C, drying at −25°C, and mechanical disassociation in glycerol at 2°C. Nuclear or chromosomal isolation was accomplished in hygroscopic nonaqueous media of high density. The method gave homogeneous nuclear and chromosomal preparations in high yield with preservation of labile, water-soluble constituents and residual biosynthetic activity. Unique opportunities for quantitative cytochemical studies at the level of the subcellular organelle are made available by the method.

Mycobacterium iranicum sp. nov., a rapidly growing scotochromogenic species isolated from clinical specimens on three different continents

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Shojaei ◽  
Charles Daley ◽  
Zoe Gitti ◽  
Abodolrazagh Hashemi ◽  
Parvin Heidarieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The isolation and characterization of a novel, rapidly growing, scotochromogenic mycobacterial species is reported. Eight independent strains were isolated from clinical specimens from six different countries of the world, two in Iran, two in Italy and one in each of following countries: Greece, the Netherlands, Sweden and the USA. Interestingly, two of the strains were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. The strains were characterized by rapid growth and presented orange-pigmented scotochromogenic colonies. DNA-based analysis revealed unique sequences in the four regions investigated: the 16S rRNA gene, the rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer 1 and the genes encoding the 65 kDa heat-shock protein and the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase. The phylogenetic analysis placed the strains among the rapidly growing mycobacteria, being most closely related to Mycobacterium gilvum . The genotypic and phenotypic data both strongly supported the inclusion of the strains investigated here as members of a novel species within the genus Mycobacterium; the name Mycobacterium iranicum sp. nov. is proposed to indicate the isolation in Iran of the first recognized strains. The type strain is M05T ( = DSM 45541T = CCUG 62053T = JCM 17461T).

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