Spike Antibody Titers Evaluation after a 2-Dose Regimen of BNT162b2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2

Background: Hepatitis B(HBV) is a blood borne virus and it is one of the most important occupational hazards among healthcare workers (HCWs) & Medical students. This study aimed to measure the anti-HBs titres and to assess the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in HCW and medical students. It was a prospective,descriptive and cross sectional hospital base Material and method: d study. Medical students and healthcare workers who had received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccination were included in the study. A total of 200 subjects , aged between 18 and Result: 62 years were taken. 182 were vaccinated and 18 were unvaccinated. 85 were males and 115 females. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B was nil. Antibody titres were >100mIU/ml in 51.6% , 10-100mIU/ml in 16.4% & <10 mIU/ml in 31.8% respectively.Negative correlation of decreasing antibiotic titer and age was seen. HCW and medical students are at hi Conclusion: gher risk due to their continuous exposure to blood products. Vaccination should be compulsory to the HCW and medical workers in the institution as Hepatitis B is a preventable disease. Monitoring of antibody titers should be done from time to time to see waning off antibody titers after vaccination

Download Full-text

Immunological features that determine the strength of antibody responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

10.1101/2021.06.21.449182 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Takahiro Kageyama ◽

Shigeru Tanaka ◽

Keishi Etori ◽

Koto Hattori ◽

Kazusa Miyachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Antibody Titer ◽

Cd8 T Cells ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Transitional B Cells ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Antibody Titers

We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of each 20 individuals with a high anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and a low antibody titer out of 1,774 healthcare workers who received BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. A higher antibody titer was associated with the frequencies of naive and transitional B cells before vaccination. In addition, fold changes in the frequency of activated CD8+ T cells upon vaccination were correlated with the antibody titers.

Download Full-text

Use of heat-not-burn tobacco products, moderate alcohol drinking, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers after BNT162b2 vaccination among Japanese healthcare workers

10.1101/2021.11.29.21267032 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shohei Yamamoto ◽

Akihito Tanaka ◽

Norio Ohmagari ◽

Koushi Yamaguchi ◽

Kazue Ishitsuka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Product Use ◽

Antibody Titers

Background: The effect of heat–not–burn (HNB) tobacco product use and moderate alcohol drinking on immunogenicity to coronavirus disease (COVID–19) vaccines remain elusive. This study aimed to examine the association of tobacco product use and alcohol consumption with anti–SARS–CoV–2 spike IgG antibody titers after the BNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: Participants were 3,457 fully vaccinated healthcare workers in the 4 national centers for advanced medical and research in Japan. Smoking status and alcohol consumption were assessed via a questionnaire, and anti–SARS–CoV–2 spike IgG titers were measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay using serum collected on the median of 64 days after the second vaccination. Multilevel linear regression models were used to estimate the geometric mean titers (GMT) and the ratios of means (RoM) between groups. Results: Of vaccinated participants, 99.5% (3,440/3,457) were seropositive. Compared with never-smokers (GMT=119), IgG antibody titers were significantly lower among HNB tobacco users (including those who also smoked cigarettes) (GMT=105; RoM=0.88 [95%CI: 0.78–0.99]) and exclusive cigarettes smokers (GMT=96; RoM=0.81 [95%CI: 0.71–0.92]). Compared with non-drinkers of alcohol (GMT=123), alcohol drinkers consuming <1 go/day (GMT=114; RoM=0.93 [95%CI: 0.88–0.98]), 1–1.9 go/day (GMT=105; RoM=0.85 [95%CI: 0.79–0.93]), and ≥2 go/day (GMT=101; RoM=0.82 [95%CI: 0.72–0.94]) had significantly lower antibody titers (P for trend<0.01). Spline analysis showed a large reduction of antibody until around 1 go/day of alcohol consumption, and then they gradually decreased. Conclusions: Results suggest that in addition to conventional cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol drinking, use of HNB tobacco products and moderate alcohol drinking may be predictors of lower immunological response to COVID–19 vaccine.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 serological assays in a longitudinal cohort of mild COVID-19 patients: sensitivity, specificity and association with virus neutralization test

10.1101/2020.09.30.20194290 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Antonin Bal ◽

Bruno Pozzetto ◽

Mary-Anne Trabaud ◽

Vanessa Escuret ◽

Muriel Rabilloud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Neutralization Test ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Virus Neutralization Test ◽

Virus Neutralization ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Course Of Disease ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

BackgroundThe association between SARS-CoV-2 commercial serological assays and virus neutralization test (VNT) has been poorly explored in mild COVID-19 patients.MethodsA total of 439 serum specimens were longitudinally collected from 76 healthcare workers with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19. The sensitivity (determined weekly) of nine commercial serological assays were evaluated. Specificity was assessed using 69 pre-pandemic sera. Correlation, agreement and concordance with the VNT were also assessed on a subset of 170 samples. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was estimated at several neutralizing antibody titers.ResultsThe Wantai Total Ab assay targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) within the S protein presented the best sensitivity at different times during the course of disease. The specificity was greater than 95% for all tests except for the Euroimmun IgA assay. The overall agreement with the presence of neutralizing antibodies ranged from 62.2% (95%CI; 56.0-68.1) for bioMérieux IgM to 91.2% (87.0-94.2) for Siemens. The lowest negative percent agreement (NPA) was found with the Wantai Total Ab assay (NPA 33% (21.1-48.3)). The NPA for other total Ab or IgG assays targeting the S or the RBD was 80.7% (66.7-89.7), 90.3 (78.1-96.1) and 96.8% (86.8-99.3) for Siemens, bioMérieux IgG and DiaSorin, respectively. None of commercial assays have sufficient performance to detect a neutralizing titer of 80 (AUC<0.76).ConclusionsAlthough some assays presented a better agreement with VNT than others, the present findings emphasize that commercialized serological tests including those targeting the RBD cannot substitute a VNT for the assessment of functional antibody response.

Download Full-text

Variable loss of antibody potency against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron)

10.1101/2021.12.19.473354 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel J. Sheward ◽

Changil Kim ◽

Roy A. Ehling ◽

Alec Pankow ◽

Xaquin Castro Dopico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Neutralization Assay ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Pseudotyped Virus ◽

Virus Neutralization Assay ◽

Form Part ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Cross Neutralization

The recently-emerged SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 variant (Omicron) is spreading rapidly in many countries, with a spike that is highly diverged from the pandemic founder, raising fears that it may evade neutralizing antibody responses. We cloned the Omicron spike from a diagnostic sample which allowed us to rapidly establish an Omicron pseudotyped virus neutralization assay, sharing initial neutralization results only 13 days after the variant was first reported to the WHO, 8 days after receiving the sample. Here we show that Omicron is substantially resistant to neutralization by several monoclonal antibodies that form part of clinical cocktails. Further, we find neutralizing antibody responses in pooled reference sera sampled shortly after infection or vaccination are substantially less potent against Omicron, with neutralizing antibody titers reduced by up to 45 fold compared to those for the pandemic founder. Similarly, in a cohort of convalescent sera prior to vaccination, neutralization of Omicron was low to undetectable. However, in recent samples from two cohorts from Stockholm, Sweden, antibody responses capable of cross-neutralizing Omicron were prevalent. Sera from infected-then-vaccinated healthcare workers exhibited robust cross-neutralization of Omicron, with an average potency reduction of only 5-fold relative to the pandemic founder variant, and some donors showing no loss at all. A similar pattern was observed in randomly sampled recent blood donors, with an average 7-fold loss of potency. Both cohorts showed substantial between-donor heterogeneity in their ability to neutralize Omicron. Together, these data highlight the extensive but incomplete evasion of neutralizing antibody responses by the Omicron variant, and suggest that increasing the magnitude of neutralizing antibody responses by boosting with unmodified vaccines may suffice to raise titers to levels that are protective.

Download Full-text

Impact of Age and Sex on Antibody Response Following the Second Dose of COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Greek Healthcare Workers

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9081725 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1725

Author(s):

Niki Vassilaki ◽

Antonios N. Gargalionis ◽

Anastasia Bletsa ◽

Nikolaos Papamichalopoulos ◽

Elisavet Kontou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Age Groups ◽

Vaccine Dose ◽

Humoral Response ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Female Population ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Antibody Titers

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD (receptor-binding domain) IgG antibody levels were monitored in 1643 volunteer healthcare workers of Eginition, Evangelismos, and Konstantopoulio General Hospitals (Athens, Greece), who underwent vaccination with two doses of COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer) and had no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Venous blood was collected 20–30 days after the second vaccine dose and anti-RBD IgG levels were determined using CMIA SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant (Abbott) on ARCHITECT i System or ADVIA Centaur SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Siemens) on Centaur XP platform. From the total population of 1643 vaccinees (533 M/1110 F; median age = 49; interquartile range-IQR = 40–56), 1636 (99.6%) had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers above the positivity threshold of the assay used. One-Way ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis H test showed a statistically significant difference in the median of antibody titers between the different age groups (p < 0.0001). Consistently, Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r) for IgGs and age as continuous variables was −0.2380 (p = 1.98 × 10−17). Moreover, antibody titers were slightly higher by 1.2-mean fold (p = 3 × 10−6) in the total female population of the three hospitals (median = 1594; IQR = 875–2584) as compared to males (median = 1292; IQR = 671.9–2188). The present study supports that BNT162b2 vaccine is particularly effective in producing high anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in healthy individuals, and this humoral response is age- and gender-dependent.

Download Full-text

O8‐4: Determination of antibody titers of filipino healthcare workers after COVID‐19 vaccination (Sinovac and Astrazenica) ‐ A preliminary report

Respirology ◽

10.1111/resp.14149_47 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (S3) ◽

pp. 24-25

Keyword(s):

Preliminary Report ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Antibody Titers

Download Full-text

High titers of multiple antibody isotypes against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain and nucleoprotein associate with better neutralization

10.1101/2020.08.15.252353 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria G. Noval ◽

Maria E. Kaczmarek ◽

Akiko Koide ◽

Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez ◽

Ping Louie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Receptor Binding ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Binding Domain ◽

Pseudotyped Virus ◽

Receptor Binding Domain ◽

Neutralization Capacity ◽

Antibody Isotypes ◽

Antibody Titers

AbstractUnderstanding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is indispensable for the development of containment measures to overcome the current COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we determine the ability of sera from 101 recovered healthcare workers to neutralize both authentic SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus and address their antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike receptor-binding domain. Interestingly, the majority of individuals have low neutralization capacity and only 6% of the healthcare workers showed high neutralizing titers against both authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus and the pseudotyped virus. We found the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates antigen-specific isotypes as well as a diverse combination of antibody isotypes, with high titers of IgG, IgM and IgA against both antigens correlating with neutralization capacity. Importantly, we found that neutralization correlated with antibody titers as quantified by ELISA. This suggests that an ELISA assay can be used to determine seroneutralization potential. Altogether, our work provides a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response in recovered healthcare workers and provides evidence that possessing multiple antibody isotypes may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 neutralization.

Download Full-text

Persistence of Antibodies Against Spike Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers Post Double Dose of BBV-152 and AZD1222 Vaccines

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.778129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Hari Ram Choudhary ◽

Debaprasad Parai ◽

Girish Chandra Dash ◽

Jaya Singh Kshatri ◽

Narayan Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Titer ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

History Of ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽

Research Facilities

Purpose: We investigated the persistence of the vaccine-induced immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Odisha who received a complete dose of either Covaxin or Covishield vaccine.Methods: This 24-week longitudinal cohort study was conducted from January to July 2021 with participants from 6 healthcare and research facilities of Odisha to understand the dynamicity of the vaccine-induced IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after the complete dose of vaccines.Results: Serum samples were collected from 614 participants during each follow-up and were tested in two chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CLIA)-based platforms to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies both qualitatively and quantitatively. Among these participants, 308 (50.2%) participants were Covishield recipients and the rest 306 (49.8%) participants took Covaxin. A total of 81 breakthrough cases were recorded and the rest 533 HCWs without any history of postvaccination infection showed significant antibody waning either from T3 (Covaxin recipient) or T4 (Covishield recipient). The production of vaccine-induced IgG antibodies is significantly higher (p < 0.001) in Covishield compared with Covaxin. Covishield recipients produced higher median anti-S IgG titer than Covaxin. No statistically significant differences in antibody titers were observed based on age, gender, comorbidities, and blood groups.Conclusion: This 6-month follow-up study documents a 2-fold and 4-fold decrease in spike antibody titer among Covishield and Covaxin recipients, respectively. The clinical implications of antibody waning after vaccination are not well understood. It also highlights the need for further data to understand the long-term persistence of vaccine-induced antibody and threshold antibody titer required for protection against reinfection.

Download Full-text

Immunogenicity of heterologous prime/boost inactivated and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine

10.1101/2021.11.20.21266644 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nasamon Wanlapakorn ◽

Ritthideach Yorsaeng ◽

Harit Phowatthanasathian ◽

Nungruthai Suntronwong ◽

Sitthichai Kanokudom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Dose Regimen ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Neutralizing Activity ◽

The Third ◽

Vaccine Shortages ◽

To Receive ◽

Alternative Regimen

Introduction: In August 2021, Thailand imported the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The prioritised group to receive the BNT162b2 vaccine were health professionals. The BNT162b2 vaccine scheduled for healthcare workers were two-dose regimen administered three weeks apart, the third dose booster in two-dose inactivated CoronaVac vaccine recipients or as a second dose in health professionals who had received the CoronaVac or adenoviral-vectored (ChAdOx1-S) vaccine as the first dose regardless of the interval between the first and second dose. Methods: This study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of the heterologous prime boost CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 in health professionals. Results: The CoronaVac/BNT162b2 vaccine recipients elicited higher neutralizing activity against the original Wuhan and all variants of concern than in the recipients of the two-dose CoronaVac. Conclusions: The heterologous CoronaVac/BNT162b2 could be used as an alternative regimen in countries experiencing the vaccine shortages and in individuals experiencing the adverse events following CoronaVac.

Download Full-text