ORIENTATION, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PALEOZOIC DIABASE DIKES ON SWANS ISLAND AND NEIGHBORING ISLANDS, PENOBSCOT BAY, MAINE

Abstract The knowledge of rock mechanical properties is critical to reducing drilling risk and maximizing well and reservoir productivity. Rock chemical composition, their spatial distribution, and porosity significantly influenced these properties. However, low porosity characterized unconventional reservoirs as such, geochemical properties considerably control their mechanical behavior. In this study, we used chemostratigraphy as a correlation tool to separate strata in highly homogenous formations where other traditional stratigraphic methods failed. In addition, we integrated the chemofacies output and reduced Young's modulus to outline predictable associations between facies and mechanical properties. Thus, providing better understanding of lithofacies-controlled changes in rock strength that are useful inputs for geomechanical models and completions stimulations.

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A measurement based analysis of the spatial distribution, temporal variation and chemical composition of particulate matter in Munich and Augsburg

Meteorologische Zeitschrift ◽

10.1127/0941-2948/2011/0498 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 47-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Klaus Schäfer ◽

Stefan Emeis ◽

Stefanie Schrader ◽

Szabina Török ◽

Balint Alföldy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Temporal Variation

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Physical Properties of the Interplanetary Dust

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100089211 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 377-388

Author(s):

Martha S. Hanner

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Physical Nature ◽

Interplanetary Dust ◽

Physical Structure ◽

Dust Particles ◽

Cometary Material ◽

Direct Condensation

The interplanetary dust may be composed of cometary material, interstellar grains, debris from asteroidal collisions, primordial material formed by direct condensation, or contributions from all of these sources. Before we can determine the origin of the dust, we need to know its physical nature, spatial distribution, and the dynamical forces that act on the particles. The spatial distribution and dynamics are separately treated in this symposium by Roosen. We discuss here the physical characteristics of the dust particles: their size distribution, chemical composition, physical structure, and optical properties.

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Spatial Distribution of Atmospheric Aerosol Physicochemical Characteristics in the Russian Sector of the Arctic Ocean

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11111170 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1170

Author(s):

Sergey Sakerin ◽

Dmitry Kabanov ◽

Valery Makarov ◽

Viktor Pol’kin ◽

Svetlana Popova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Arctic Ocean ◽

Black Carbon ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Barents Sea ◽

The Arctic ◽

The North ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

The Arctic Ocean

The results from studies of aerosol in the Arctic atmosphere are presented: the aerosol optical depth (AOD), the concentrations of aerosol and black carbon, as well as the chemical composition of the aerosol. The average aerosol characteristics, measured during nine expeditions (2007–2018) in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic Ocean, had been 0.068 for AOD (0.5 µm); 2.95 cm−3 for particle number concentrations; 32.1 ng/m3 for black carbon mass concentrations. Approximately two–fold decrease of the average characteristics in the eastern direction (from the Barents Sea to Chukchi Sea) is revealed in aerosol spatial distribution. The average aerosol characteristics over the Barents Sea decrease in the northern direction: black carbon concentrations by a factor of 1.5; particle concentrations by a factor of 3.7. These features of the spatial distribution are caused mainly by changes in the content of fine aerosol, namely: by outflows of smokes from forest fires and anthropogenic aerosol. We considered separately the measurements of aerosol characteristics during two expeditions in 2019: in the north of the Barents Sea (April) and along the Northern Sea Route (July–September). In the second expedition the average aerosol characteristics turned out to be larger than multiyear values: AOD reached 0.36, particle concentration up to 8.6 cm−3, and black carbon concentration up to 179 ng/m3. The increased aerosol content was affected by frequent outflows of smoke from forest fires. The main (99%) contribution to the elemental composition of aerosol in the study regions was due to Ca, K, Fe, Zn, Br, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Sr. The spatial distribution of the chemical composition of aerosols was analogous to that of microphysical characteristics. The lowest concentrations of organic and elemental carbon (OC, EC) and of most elements are observed in April in the north of the Barents Sea, and the maximal concentrations in Far East seas and in the south of the Barents Sea. The average contents of carbon in aerosol over seas of the Asian sector of the Arctic Ocean are OC = 629 ng/m3, EC = 47 ng/m3.

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Quantitative Evaluation of The Chemical Composition of γ-γ’Interfaces in Ni Superalloys

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927600027392 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (S2) ◽

pp. 264-265

Author(s):

H. A. Calderon ◽

M. Benyoucef ◽

N. Clement

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Large Volume ◽

Alloy Composition ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Alloying Elements ◽

Local Distribution ◽

Strain Fields ◽

Ni Alloys

The excellent mechanical properties of Ni based superalloys depend upon the presence of γ’ particles (LI2 structure). Their volume fraction, spatial distribution and size determine the mechanical strength of these alloys. Ni alloys for technological applications make use of large volume fractions of precipitates where processes of coarsening and coalescence take place during service leading in some cases to deterioration of properties. Addition of different alloying elements prevents accelerated coalescence by retarding diffusion and thus improving the mechanical properties of such alloys. Coalescence can also take place under the influence of an applied stress leading to the formation of rafts of the y' phase. For example the microstructure changes during creep deformation, depending on the alloy composition, with the corresponding formation of dislocation networks and rafts of different morphologies [1]. The γ-γ’ interfaces are also different depending on the alloy composition and most likely to the local distribution of alloying elements and their strain fields.

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Assessing the source and spatial distribution of chemical composition of a rift lake, using multivariate statistical, hydrogeochemical modeling and remote sensing

Earth Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.15446/esrj.v23n1.66429 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 43-55

Author(s):

Cristina Noyola-Medrano ◽

José Alfredo Ramos-Leal ◽

Briseida López-Alvarez ◽

Janet Morán-Ramírez ◽

Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Water Mixture ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Spectral Behavior ◽

Rift Lake ◽

Tectonic Origin

The chemical composition of a freshwater surface depends on the sources of input that can be of natural or anthropogenic origin. This study examined the spatial variability of the water quality from Chapala Lake and discussed the possible sources to this freshwater surface which is the largest rift lake in Mexico. The methodology included multivariate statistical techniques to analyze the possible relationship between water quality and the natural and anthropogenic factors of the area. The outcome showed the existence of four groups of water mixture in the lake. Each one showed two or three end members that characterized its chemical nature. The different groups showed a spatial distribution and a particular spectral behavior was detected from the analysis of a Landsat 7 ETM+ image. The spectral signatures extracted from the satellite image showed a high reflectivity in the range of 830 - 1300 nm for the water provided by the Lerma-Chapala (group IV) system, which represents the most polluted water in the lake. This spectral behavior is not present in the rest of the group. The Western portion of the lake is fed mainly by open water. Contributions from groundwater dominate the Central part, and in the Eastern region, the primary source is the contaminated water from the Lerma river system. A high hydraulic head (hydraulic barrier) prevents the highest level of pollution from the Lerma river. This hydraulic barrier constituted by a significant portion of groundwater is at the Central part of the lake. Furthermore, the most polluted water flows directly to the Metropolitan Region of Guadalajara through the Santiago river. The predominant role played by the groundwater in the dynamics of Chapala Lake is explained, in part, from its tectonic origin. The dynamics of water in the Chapala Lake suggest the need to implement some management plans considering the tectonic origin of the Lake as an advantage for the control of pollution because of the significant contribution of groundwater in the Chapala Lake freshwater system.

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Multivariate Spatial Distribution Analysis of Chemical Composition Content in a Kuroko Deposit

GEOINFORMATICS ◽

10.6010/geoinformatics1990.11.2_96 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 96-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Setsuro Matsuda ◽

Katsuaki Koike ◽

Toru Suzuki ◽

Michito Ohmi

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Distribution Analysis

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Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

Environmental Modeling & Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10666-013-9384-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 179-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Małgorzata Werner ◽

Maciej Kryza ◽

Anthony J. Dore

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

The Uk

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Isotopic and elemental mapping of bamboo corals – reference to calcification mechanism and proxy applications

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10590 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Flöter ◽

Jan Fietzke ◽

Marcus Gutjahr ◽

Jesse Farmer ◽

Bärbel Hönisch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Laser Ablation ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Amorphous Calcium Carbonate ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Salinity Variability ◽

Long Time

Bamboo corals are calcitic octocorals dwelling in a broad range of water depths and in all ocean basins. Their skeletons could give insight into the temporal variability of environmental parameters at their growth locations, in areas where long-time observations are often lacking. A thorough understanding of calcification mechanisms is essential to interpret the chemical composition of their high-magnesium calcite skeleton regarding environmental fluctuations of the deeper ocean. To address this issue, we employed electron microprobe analysis, confocal Raman spectroscopy, laser ablation-ICPMS and solution based multi collector-ICPMS that together provide insights into the fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of the coral chemical composition. We investigate the spatial distribution of Na, S, and Ca, as well as organic matter in skeletal sections of specimens of Keratoisis grayi (family Isididae) from the Atlantic Ocean. Two bamboo coral samples from the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean were further used to create laser ablation-based maps of &#948;11B and boron to carbon ratios (B/C) over the sample radii. These maps are compared with results obtained via solution based &#948;11B analyses on drilled samples.An inverse correlation between Na and S is observed while S seems to be positively correlated with organic matter. We will discuss the ability of a qualitative physicochemical model to explain the observed Na and S distribution and the potential role of organic matter and amorphous calcium carbonate. Our results indicate that skeletal Na/Ca in bamboo corals is largely driven by physiological processes rather than environmental salinity variability. The spatial distribution of &#948;11B shows a positive correlation with B/C. The observed range of bulk &#948;11B - partly falling below the theoretical borate fractionation curve in seawater - is larger than the conventional measured &#948;11B of the calcite fraction alone. The latter cannot be explained with a spatial smoothing of the distribution during sample drilling but is rather associated with a loss of an isotopically highly variable B fraction during sample bleaching. Potential reasons for the observed differences in B isotopic range and their implications will be presented. We conclude that skeletal &#948;11B as a proxy for pHSW is dependent on the applied technique and investigated material fraction.

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Photometric Classification of Stars in the Vilnius Observatory

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900099253 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 183-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. Straižys

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Stellar Evolution ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Point Of View ◽

Photometric System ◽

Intermediate Band ◽

Dimensional Classification

The programs of three-dimensional classification of stars using eight-color intermediate band photometric system are described. They include (1) investigation of interstellar reddening and absorption in the direction of objects significant from point of view of stellar evolution, (2) investigation of spatial distribution of stars of different spectral classes, luminosities and chemical composition, (3) the detection of unique objects.

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