The Effects of Humic Substances and Humic Substance-Based Silver Nanocomposites on the Viability of Rhizospheric Microorganisms

Knowledge about structure and rheological peculiarities of drilling solutions and reagents applied for the proceeding of oil wells has significant value for the forecasting of oil wells drilling. The research results of the structure of the humic substances of peat and brown coals precipitated in different pH ranges from the standpoint of their ability to structure formation on the base of the rheological curves obtaining of the flow of their dispersions and determining of their rheological parameters in terms of their application in drilling practice are given in the article. It is established that during transition from fraction, beset into alkaline media (12.0–8.5) to fraction beset into acid media (5.0–2.0) the decrease of the rheological indicators of caustobiolate humic substance is occurred. Rheological curves of the flow of the disperse of caustobiolate humic substances of the fraction 1 and 2 are characterized for strong fossil structures, disperses of humic substances of the fraction 3 is for less strong coagulation structures. Less structured are humic substances of brown coal so that their use is preferable for the regulation of the structure and rheological peculiarities of drilling solutions.

Download Full-text

Fertigation of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana with humic substance and saponin-based plant extracts

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201764040008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 392-398

Author(s):

Diego Magalhães de Melo* ◽

Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽

Raul Castro Carriello Rosa ◽

Ana Lucia Borges ◽

Djalma Barbosa dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Block Design ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Banana Cultivar

ABSTRACT The use of humic substances and plant extract has been increasing mainly in organic crop systems without scientific-based recommendations. Research is necessary to evaluate the feasibility and the recommendations of these substances. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) applied by fertigation with and without saponin-based plant extracts on growth and yield of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana. The experiment was carried out using the banana cultivar ‘BRS Princesa’, at a spacing of 2.0 × 2.5 m, fertigated by drip irrigation in a Dystric Densic Xantic Ferralsol, at the Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil. Treatments consisted of five doses of humic substances (0.0; 70; 105; 140, and 210 L ha-1cycle-1) applied with and without a saponin-based plant extract in a randomized block design in split-plot scheme. The following growth variables were evaluated: number of leaves, pseudostem height, pseudostem diameter, and length and width of the third leaf. The number of fruits/hand and hands/bunch, hand and bunch yield, and length and fruit diameter of the second central hand were evaluated during harvest. The doses of humic substances influenced only pseudostem height. Hand yield, as well as fruit length and diameter of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana were higher in plants fertigated with humic substance and plant extract in comparison with plants fertigated with only humic substance.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Humic Substance Extracted from Andisols, Spodosols, Peat, and Lignite

Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology ◽

10.15608/stjssa.v15i1.21622 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eka Rahmi ◽

Suwardi Suwardi ◽

Basuki Sumawinata

Keyword(s):

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Organic Content ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Significant Interest ◽

Aliphatic Group ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Different Sources

Soil and other materials with high C-organic content are potential natural sources of humic substances. Until now the differences in the characteristics of such humic substances that are extracted from different sources have not been widely studied. Thus, this study was aimed to characterize humic substances extracted from andisols, spodosols, peat, and lignite. The highest C-organic (48.8%) and N (7.6%) were obtained from peat and spodosols, respectively. The andisols humic substance produced the highest total acidity (6.52 cmol kg<sup>-1</sup>). Humic substance extracted from spodosols was a mostly aliphatic group and phenolate –OH, while that of andisols and lignite contained more aromatic group and phenolate –OH, whereas the humic substance from peat was a predominantly aliphatic group and –COOH. The surface morphology of the humic substances observed using SEM showed varying densities and shapes due to differences in their respective degree of decomposition and the formation process involved. There has been significant interest in investigating the different characteristics of the humic substance. The type humic substances are important to be known considering of their positive effects on soil fertility and plant growth and development.

Download Full-text

Humic substance and substrate based on babassu decomposed stem in the production of sunflower seedlings

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e456986098

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Araújo Costa ◽

Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos ◽

Gênesis Alves de Azevedo ◽

Thaynara Coelho de Moraes ◽

Ramón Yuri Ferreira Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Plant Height ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Volume ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Alternative Substrates ◽

New Crops ◽

Number Of Leaves

Our objective was to investigate the influence of alternative substrates based on stem decomposed by babassu and humic substances in the production of sunflower seedlings. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme (substrate x humic substances). Twelve treatments were studied, T1 (100% babassu stem decomposed (BDS) + 0 ml L-1 HS), T2 (100% BDS + 12.5 ml L-1 HS), T3 (100% BDS + 25 ml L-1 HS), T4 (100% DBS + 50 ml L-1 HS), T5 (50% DBS + 50% LAd + 0 ml L-1 HS), T6 (50% DBS + 50% LAd + 12, 5 ml L-1 HS), T7 (50% DBS + 50% LAd + 25 ml L-1 HS), T8 (50% DBS + 50% LAd + 50 ml L-1 HS), T9 (100% LAd + 0 ml L-1 HS), T10 (100% LAd + 12.5 ml L-1 HS), T11 (100% LAd + 25 ml L-1 HS) and T12 (100% LAd + 50 ml L-1 HS). Each treatment was performed in four replications with one seedling per plot, totaling 48 plots. The DBSxHS interaction provided increases in root length, root volume, basal diameter, number of leaves, plant height and parameters related to inflorescence. The substrate with 100% decomposed babassu stem, together with the dose of 12.5% humic substance, is the best option for producing 'IAC Uruguay' sunflower seedlings. Further research on the use of DBS and HS is needed to address the use and purpose in producing new crops.

Download Full-text

Monitoring the Presence of Humic Substances in Wool and Silk by the Use of Nondestructive Fluorescence Spectroscopy: Quality Control for 14C Dating of Wool and Silk

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200034561 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 429-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mathieu Boudin ◽

Pascal Boeckx ◽

Peter Vandenabeele ◽

Sylvia Mitschke ◽

Mark VAN Strydonck

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Radiocarbon Dating ◽

Spectroscopy Method ◽

14C Dating ◽

Pretreatment Method ◽

Before And After ◽

Fiberoptic Probe

Radiocarbon dating of degraded wool and silk provides 14C results of questionable reliability. In most cases, degraded wool/silk contains humic substances (HSs). Thus, a nondestructive fluorescence spectroscopy method, using a fiberoptic probe, was developed to monitor the presence of HSs in degraded wool and silk. This method can provide information about the presence of HSs before and after pretreatment and about the 14C age reliability. This study suggests considering with care wool/silk samples 14C dating wherein HSs are detected, because the conventional solvent pretreatment method using a NaOH wash is in most cases not sufficient to remove all humic substance contaminants. As a result, unreliable 14C dates can be provided.

Download Full-text

Evidence for the existence of Tc(IV) – humic substance species by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy

Radiochimica Acta ◽

10.1524/ract.2002.90.12_2002.879 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 90 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

K. Geraedts ◽

C. Bruggeman ◽

A. Maes ◽

Luc R. Van Loon ◽

A. Rossberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fission Product ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

The Other ◽

Alkaline Ph ◽

X Ray ◽

Other Hand ◽

Solid Phases ◽

The One ◽

X Ray Absorption

SummaryThe redox–sensitive fission product technetium–99 has been investigated in systems containing different reducing solid phases (pyrite, magnetite, ironsulphide and Gorleben sand) on the one hand and Gorleben groundwater, which contains a high amount of humic substances, on the other hand. Initially, technetium–99 was added to these systems as pertechnetate (Tc(VII)), which was reduced in presence and absence of humic substances with the aid of the different reducing surfaces (neutral to alkaline pH). Both in absence and presence of humic substances, Tc concentrations were observed which exceeded the TcO

Download Full-text

Trihalomethane formation potential of aquatic and terrestrial fulvic and humic acids: examining correlation between specific trihalomethane formation potential and specific ultraviolet absorbance

Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1071/en12041 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 450 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohamed Y. Z. Abouleish ◽

Martha J. M. Wells

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Formation Potential ◽

Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽

Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽

Suwannee River ◽

By Products

Environmental context When surface water is disinfected to produce potable drinking water, toxic by-products are generated by reaction with naturally occurring organic matter. The production of trihalomethane disinfection by-products was investigated for different types of well-characterised organic matter from various geographic locations. Increased understanding of the character of organic matter dissolved in water is needed for improving the ability to provide safe water and protect public health. Abstract Trihalomethanes (THMs) – a class of disinfection by-products (DBPs) including chloroform – are produced when natural water is chlorinated. Many THMs are believed to result from the reaction of chlorine with the aromatic structures in humic substances, which can be represented by ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA). However, in the literature, plots of the specific, or carbon-normalised, UVA (SUVA) compared with the specific, or carbon-normalised, trihalomethane formation potential, THMFP (STHMFP) are poorly correlated. Therefore, well characterised samples of organic matter were obtained from the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) to study the effect of type (fulvic acid, FA; humic acid, HA), origin (aquatic, terrestrial), geographical source (Nordic, Suwannee River, peat, soil) and pH (6, 9) on the formation of trihalomethanes. In this research, parameters expressed on a weight-average moles-of-humic substance basis were compared with those on a mass-of-carbon basis. Using factorial analysis, SUVA was statistically described by the main effect type (P = 0.0044), whereas STHMFP was statistically described by the main effects type (P = 0.0078) and origin (P = 0.0210). Separate relationships between SUVA and STHMFP normalised to moles of humic substance were defined for aquatic substances (R2 = 0.9948) and for terrestrial substances (R2 = 0.9512). The occurrence of aquatically derived fulvic-like humic acid (Suwannee River humic acid) and aquatically derived terrestrial-like humic acid (Nordic humic acid) were observed. Some aquatic substances were capable of generating levels of THMs per mole of humic substance that were greater than or equal to the most reactive terrestrial humic acid.

Download Full-text

Influence of Humic Substance Alteration during Soil Passage on their Treatment Behaviour

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0484 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 231-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Gerlach ◽

R. Gimbel

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Transport Phenomena ◽

Bank Filtration ◽

Humic Matter ◽

Colloidal Transport ◽

Surface Water Treatment ◽

Coated Surfaces ◽

Underground Passage

Humic substances are not major objectives of water treatment in drinking water supply. But, as they often influence the treatment efficiency or participate in treatment reactions, their behaviour in the treatment process can significantly determine the process design. A very effective pretreatment step can be achieved by soil passage (e. g. bank filtration or slow sand filtration) which is usually involved in German surface water treatment processes. In this study transport phenomena of humic matter during underground passage are investigated with special attention to the alteration of their treatment behavior. In a fundamental work the deposition of humic substances was studied in a model system. Transport phenomena could mathematically be described by a filtration theory of colloidal transport. From the results of these calculations the collision efficiencies of humic substances on clean and coated surfaces can be derived. The humic substance deposition on subsurfaces is accompanied by a classification based on molecular weight. An additional alteration of dissolved humic matter due to microbiological degradation and partial resolvation of deposited humic matter was observed by passage of river water through columns containing actual soil. The alteration of dissolved organic matter during soil passage is finally characterized by its adsorption and chlorination precursor behaviour. All results confirm that bank filtration is an effective pretreatment step particulary due to the decrease in connection with improvement in treatability of humic matter.

Download Full-text

Fluorescence of Size-Fractioned Humic Substance Extracted from Sediment and Its Effect on the Sorption of Phenanthrene

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16245087 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (24) ◽

pp. 5087 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mei-Sheu Shi ◽

Wei-Shiang Huang ◽

Liang-Fong Hsu ◽

Yi-Lung Yeh ◽

Ting-Chien Chen

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Fluorescence Quenching ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

River Sediment ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Optical Methods ◽

Fluorescence Index ◽

Optical Indicators

Phenanthrene (Phe) is a toxin and is ubiquitous in the environment. The sediment humic substances (HS) that bind Phe affect the fate, transport, degradation, and ecotoxicology of Phe. This study investigated Phe sorption constants on size-fractioned HS extracted from river sediment. Fractions were identified as HHS (10 kDa to 0.45 μm), MHS (1–10 kDa), and LHS (<1 kDa). A fluorescence quenching (FQ) method was used to determine the Phe log KHS on size-fractioned HS; the values ranged from 3.97 to 4.68 L/kg-C. The sorption constant (log KHS) is a surrogate of the binding capacity between HS and Phe, where a high log KHS reduces the toxicity and degradation of Phe. The log KHS values on HHS and MHS were significantly higher than the values on LHS (p = 0.015). The SUVA254 values of HHS and MHS were also significantly higher than the LHS value (p = 0.047), while fluorescence index (FI) and S275–295 values were significantly lower than the LHS values (p < 0.005). The HHS and MHS had a higher aromaticity and more terrestrial sources than LHS. The log KHS had a significant correlation with the selected optical indicators (p < 0.002), which suggested that the HS-bound Phe was positively affected by high aromaticity, terrestrial sources, and HS molecular weight. The results demonstrated that optical methods successfully obtained log KHS and the chemical properties of fractioned HS as well as the influenced factors of log KHS. Moreover, even the LHS had a capacity to bind with Phe.

Download Full-text

Doses of NPK formulations combined with humic substance at sowing in barley cultivars

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n10p683-688 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 683-688

Author(s):

Kathia Szeuczuk ◽

Marcelo C. Mendes ◽

Alan J. Stadler ◽

Eduardo S. Pagliosa ◽

Bruno Schroeder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Substance ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Orthogonal Contrasts ◽

Barley Cultivars ◽

Class 1 ◽

Grain Yield And Quality ◽

Barley Grains

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate NPK formulations used in fertilization at sowing associated with and without humic substances (HS) in terms of the agronomic characteristics and grain quality for malt from the barley cultivars BRS Brau and BRS Elis, focusing on the agricultural years 2015 and 2016 in Guarapuava, PR. The experimental design was a randomized block, in a factorial 5 x 2 format, with five fertilizations: 0 kg ha-1 (control); 100 kg ha-1 of NPK; 100 kg ha-1 NPK + HS; 250 kg ha-1 of NPK; and 250 kg ha-1 NPK + HS, using two barley cultivars, BRS Brau and BRS Elis, replicated four times. The variables evaluated were hectoliter weight, grain yield, malt quality by means of sort 1, 2 and 3, and the protein percentage. The data evaluated were submitted to joint variance analyses for the agricultural crops, and the means were compared through non-orthogonal contrasts. The use of humic substances in NPK formulations provides an increase in grain yield, and its effect is observable in the lower doses of NPK + HS formulations. The lower dose of NPK formulation combined with the humic substance reduced class 1 and increased class 3 in agricultural crops from the years 2015 and 2016. The 2016 crop, with favorable climatic conditions, presented improved hectoliter mass, grain yield and quality of the barley grains, based on commercial grade.

Download Full-text