scholarly journals Diagnosis, treatment and management of apathy in Parkinson’s disease: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e037632
Author(s):  
Bria Mele ◽  
Shinia Van ◽  
Jayna Holroyd-Leduc ◽  
Zahinoor Ismail ◽  
Tamara Pringsheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register

ObjectiveTo conduct a scoping review of the literature on apathy in Parkinson’s disease (PD), to better understand how apathy in Parkinson’s disease is diagnosed, treated and managed.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to 17 May 2017. An updated review was run from 17 May 2017 to 28 January 2019. The grey literature was searched using the CADTH Grey Matters tool. Original peer-reviewed research was included if it included individuals with PD and apathy. Non-original data was only included if it was in the form of meta-analysis. All information regarding diagnosis, treatment and management of PD was extracted. Citation screening and extraction were performed in duplicate.ResultsFrom 11 375 citations, 362 articles were included in the final review. The majority of included studies focussed on prevalence, with few studies examining treatment. Twenty screening tools for apathy were identified. Fifty per cent of treatment studies were randomised control trials (RCTs). RCTs applied treatment methods including: exercise, mindfulness, rotigotine (Neupro) transdermal patch and rivastigmine (Exelon).ConclusionsThis review identified a large body of literature describing current knowledge on diagnosing, treating and managing apathy in PD. Future research should aim to detect an ideal screening tool for apathy in PD, to identify the best treatment options for apathy and the variety of comorbidities it may present with and finally aim to better understand postoperative apathy in those with deep brain stimulation.

scholarly journals Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Parkinson’s Disease: Impact on Neuronal Survival and Plasticity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Regensburger ◽  
Iryna Prots ◽  
Beate Winner
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Newborn Neurons

In Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies, chronic neurodegeneration occurs within different areas of the central nervous system leading to progressive motor and nonmotor symptoms. The symptomatic treatment options that are currently available do not slow or halt disease progression. This highlights the need of a better understanding of disease mechanisms and disease models. The generation of newborn neurons in the adult hippocampus and in the subventricular zone/olfactory bulb system is affected by many different regulators and possibly involved in memory processing, depression, and olfaction, symptoms which commonly occur in PD. The pathology of the adult neurogenic niches in human PD patients is still mostly elusive, but different preclinical models have shown profound alterations of adult neurogenesis. Alterations in stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival as well as neurite outgrowth and spine formation have been related to different aspects in PD pathogenesis. Therefore, neurogenesis in the adult brain provides an ideal model to study disease mechanisms and compounds. In addition, adult newborn neurons have been proposed as a source of endogenous repair. Herein, we review current knowledge about the adult neurogenic niches in PD and highlight areas of future research.

scholarly journals Understanding the Potential of Genome Editing in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9241
Author(s):  
David Arango ◽  
Amaury Bittar ◽  
Natalia P. Esmeral ◽  
Camila Ocasión ◽  
Carolina Muñoz-Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Therapy Targets ◽  
Cost Efficient

CRISPR is a simple and cost-efficient gene-editing technique that has become increasingly popular over the last decades. Various CRISPR/Cas-based applications have been developed to introduce changes in the genome and alter gene expression in diverse systems and tissues. These novel gene-editing techniques are particularly promising for investigating and treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, for which we currently lack efficient disease-modifying treatment options. Gene therapy could thus provide treatment alternatives, revolutionizing our ability to treat this disease. Here, we review our current knowledge on the genetic basis of Parkinson’s disease to highlight the main biological pathways that become disrupted in Parkinson’s disease and their potential as gene therapy targets. Next, we perform a comprehensive review of novel delivery vehicles available for gene-editing applications, critical for their successful application in both innovative research and potential therapies. Finally, we review the latest developments in CRISPR-based applications and gene therapies to understand and treat Parkinson’s disease. We carefully examine their advantages and shortcomings for diverse gene-editing applications in the brain, highlighting promising avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Utility of fibrin sealants and the road ahead in plastic surgery: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Saffarzadeh ◽  
Taylor Kandler ◽  
Safal Parhar
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fibrin Sealants ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Cochrane Database

Objective:The objective of this scoping review is to examine the extent of literature on the utility and safety of various types of fibrin sealants in plastic surgery. Considerations such as consent, and cost profile will also be reviewed and identified as future research opportunities.Introduction:Since the approval of fibrin sealants in Europe in the 1970s, they have found their niche in various types of surgical operations, and their utility has led to a rise in popularity. However, the clinical applications of fibrin sealants are not fully synthesized, and important ethical and financial considerations are rarely discussed.Inclusion criteria:Studies reporting the application of commercially available fibrin sealants in plastic surgery procedures on humans of all age groups were included in this review. Additionally, published abstracts and all opinion pieces including commentaries and narrative reviews were exempt.Methods:The key information sources that will be searched are the following: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and LILACS and grey literature sources. There are no limits placed on the searches. Each publication will be screened by two authors, and any conflict in the selection decision will be resolved by a third author to limit bias.

Nursing and Parkinson’s Disease: A Scoping Review of Worldwide Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110440
Author(s):  
Michelle Hyczy S. Tosin ◽  
Claudio Antonio C. Mecone ◽  
Emanuelle Freitas M. Oliveira ◽  
David S. Tsui ◽  
Siok-Bee Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
Observational Design

This scoping review aims to evaluate the characteristics of worldwide studies evolving the scope of nursing practice in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We conducted a three-step search strategy using 11 databases and reference lists. Of the 4,174 screened studies we included 324 (8%). Most were published during 1978 to 2020, with significant increasing in publications from 2002 onwards and a forecast to double in the next 10 years (total expected = 614, ±62.2, R2 = .998). We identified studies involving nine contexts of nursing practice in PD, in four continents and 31 countries, most of them of observational design (47.2%), funded (52.2%), authored by nurses (70.1%), and related to Nursing care/Guidelines (32.1%), Educational/Research content (16.4%), Symptom management/Medication adherence (14.5%), and Family caregiving (11.1%). The worldwide studies evolving the scope of nursing practice in PD is growing in several health context. These results can guide future research and evidence-based practice involving the role of nurses in PD.

scholarly journals Disorders of the Oral Cavity in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonian Syndromes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Zlotnik ◽  
Yacov Balash ◽  
Amos D. Korczyn ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
Tanya Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Parkinsonian Syndromes

Awareness of nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease is growing during the last decade. Among these, oral cavity disorders are, although prevalent, often neglected by the patients, their caregivers, and physicians. Some of these disorders include increased prevalence of caries and periodontal disease, sialorrhea and drooling, xerostomia, orofacial pain, bruxism, and taste impairment. Though many of these disorders are not fully understood yet and relatively few controlled trials have been published regarding their treatment, physicians should be aware of the body of evidence that does exist on these topics. This paper reviews current knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment options of disorders of the oral cavity in Parkinson’s disease patients.

scholarly journals Protocol for a scoping review on rehabilitation among individuals who experience homelessness and traumatic brain injury

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e052942
Author(s):  
Vincy Chan ◽  
Maria Jennifer Estrella ◽  
Jessica Babineau ◽  
Angela Colantonio
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Scientific Meetings

IntroductionRehabilitation is key to improving outcomes and quality of life after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, individuals experiencing homelessness are rarely represented in research that informs evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines even though TBI is disproportionately prevalent among this population. This protocol is for a scoping review to explore the extent to which rehabilitation, including the types of rehabilitation interventions, is available to, or used by, individuals who experience homelessness and TBI to inform (1) opportunities to integrate rehabilitation for individuals experiencing homelessness and TBI, (2) considerations for existing clinical and practice guidelines for rehabilitation and (3) recommendations for future research.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be guided by six stages described in scoping review methodology frameworks. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase and Embase Classic, Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Clinical Trials, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, and Nursing and Allied Health), reference list of included articles and scoping or systematic reviews identified from the search and grey literature, defined as reports from relevant brain injury, housing and rehabilitation organisations, will be searched. Two reviewers will independently screen all articles based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A descriptive numerical summary of data items will be provided and qualitative content analytic techniques will be used to identify and report common themes. Preliminary findings will be shared with stakeholders to seek feedback on the implications of the results.Ethics and disseminationEthics review will not be required, as only publicly available data will be analysed. Findings from the scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings and to stakeholders, defined as service providers in the housing and TBI sectors; health professionals who provide care for individuals with TBI and/or homelessness; health administrators, decision-makers and policy-makers; researchers; and caregivers or family members of individuals with lived experience of TBI and homelessness.

scholarly journals The Perspectives of Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitte Nørgaard ◽  
Signe Beck Titlestad ◽  
Charlotte Abrahamsen ◽  
Michael Marcussen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Thematic Synthesis ◽  
Centered Care

Abstract Background: Parkinson’s disease has considerable impact on the quality of life of both patients and their caregivers. Patients’ perspectives are a source of vital knowledge that informs health professionals’ ability to provide individualised and patient-centered care. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the perspectives of patients with Parkinson’s disease on treatment, care and rehabilitation.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and searched the following electronic bibliographic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Scopus for original studies published before June 2020. Grey literature was searched at www.parkinson.org, http://www.epda.eu.com, www.apdaparkinson.org and in the OpenSIGLE and HMIC databases. We included studies focusing on patients with Parkinson’s disease aged 18 or older that reported patients’ perspectives on treatment, care and rehabilitation. Results were analysed using thematic synthesis. Results: Ten studies were included, each of them applying qualitative methods and including between 1 and 28 patients. A total of 156 codings led to 17 descriptive themes which resulted in three analytic themes: Significance of self, Significance of informal caregivers and peers, and Significance of professionals.Conclusions: Our findings could be important in helping healthcare professionals plan and deliver treatment, care and rehabilitation based on patients’ priorities in the context of suffering from a chronic disease. The results might also guide future research regarding patient perspectives, as well as how and why to incorporate patients’ perspectives in healthcare delivery. Systematic review registration: The protocol was registered in Prospero (183551).

The Experiences of Treatment Burden in People with Parkinson’s Disease and Their Caregivers: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Qian Yue Tan ◽  
Natalie J. Cox ◽  
Stephen E.R. Lim ◽  
Laura Coutts ◽  
Simon D.S. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Care Coordination ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
System Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Background High treatment burden is associated with poor adherence, wasted resources, poor quality of life and poor health outcomes. Identifying factors that impact treatment burden in Parkinson’s disease can offer insights into strategies to mitigate them. Objective To explore the experiences of treatment burden among people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) and their caregivers. Methods A systematic review of studies published from year 2006 was conducted. Qualitative and mixed-method studies with a qualitative component that relate to usual care in Parkinson’s disease were included. Quantitative studies and grey literature were excluded. Data synthesis was conducted using framework synthesis. Results 1757 articles were screened, and 39 articles included. Understanding treatment burden in PwP and caregivers was not the primary aim in any of the included studies. The main issues of treatment burden in Parkinson’s disease are: 1) work and challenges of taking medication; 2) healthcare provider obstacles including lack of patient-centered care, poor patient-provider relationships, lack of care coordination, inflexible organizational structures, lack of access to services and issues in care home or hospital settings; and 3) learning about health and challenges with information provision. The treatment burden led to physical and mental exhaustion of self-care and limitations on the role and social activities of PwP and caregivers. Conclusion: There are potential strategies to improve the treatment burden in Parkinson’s disease at an individual level such as patient-centered approach to care, and at system level by improving access and care coordination between services. Future research is needed to determine the modifiable factors of treatment burden in Parkinson’s disease.

scholarly journals Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review of Current Concepts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie C. Palavra ◽  
Sharon L. Naismith ◽  
Simon J. G. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions

Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease (PD-MCI) is common and may be associated with accelerated progression to dementia. Considering the importance of this emerging entity, new diagnostic criteria have recently been proposed. Early recognition and accurate classification of PD-MCI could offer opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions. This review discusses current definitions for PD-MCI, the screening tools used, the pattern of cognitive deficits observed, and the predictors of cognitive decline and transition to Parkinson’s Disease Dementia. Emerging biomarkers, which may aid diagnosis, are also explored and the role of novel treatment options is considered.

scholarly journals Treatment of sarcopenia in nursing home residents: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e037531
Author(s):  
Petra Benzinger ◽  
Jürgen Martin Bauer ◽  
Michael Schwenk ◽  
Stefan Grund ◽  
Sabine Goisser
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Future Research

IntroductionSarcopenia has been recognised as a disease that is consistently associated with a range of geriatric syndromes and negative health consequences. The prevalence of sarcopenia is high among nursing home residents. Several systematic reviews have assessed the efficacy of a range of treatment strategies against sarcopenia. However, no systematic review discussing specifically the treatment options for sarcopenic nursing home residents has been conducted so far. The objective of this scoping review, therefore, is to identify and map existing studies that assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of interventions that were conducted with the aim to treat sarcopenic nursing home residents.Methods and analysisThe protocol was developed using an established scoping review methodological framework. A systematic search of relevant literature databases will be conducted. We will also conduct a search of ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform Search Portal for ongoing and recently completed trials, and will search for grey literature. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts for inclusion, followed by screening of the full text of potentially relevant articles to determine final inclusion. A data extraction sheet will be developed including key study characteristics that will be relevant for collating, summarising and reporting the results of the scoping review.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed scoping review will undertake a secondary analysis of publicly available data, and therefore does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated to researchers in the field by submitting the review to a peer-reviewed international journal and by presenting our findings at relevant conferences. We expect that the results of the final review will help to guide future research in the field of sarcopenia treatment for nursing home residents.

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