scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of physical activity among patients with diabetes in Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania: a descriptive cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046841
Author(s):  
Julius Lucas Mwimo ◽  
Suzana Somoka ◽  
Beatrice J Leyaro ◽  
Caroline Amour ◽  
Experansa Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Kilimanjaro Region ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and is the fifth leading cause of death in most developing countries. Regular physical activity (PA) is strongly recommended for individuals with diabetes for its beneficial effects in improving blood glucose control and insulin sensitivity, prevention and reduction of morbidities and complications, and its cardiovascular benefits.ObjectiveTo assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of PA among patients with diabetes in the Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania.Research design and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2020 among 315 patients with diabetes aged 18 years and above receiving care from diabetic clinics in the Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants who were interviewed using a modified version of the WHO-STEPS Survey for non-communicable diseases. Data were analysed using SPSS V.20. Categorical variables were summarised using frequencies and percentages, and continuous variables using means and SDs. The Χ2 test was used to compare the proportion of PA across participant characteristics.ResultsThe vast majority (94.3%) of the participants were physically active, and from our findings, most of it was contributed by work (70%) and transport-related (20%) activities. Participants had high levels of knowledge (98.4%) and positive attitudes (95.6%) towards PA. These were mainly contributed by a healthcare provider or doctors’ advice (96%) on PA benefits to patients with diabetes. There was a strong statistical association (p<0.001) between knowledge and attitude towards PA with PA practice.ConclusionThe vast majority of the participants were physically active. High levels of PA were associated with a high level of knowledge and positive attitudes towards PA. Healthcare provider or doctors’ advice in diabetic clinics is essential in promoting PA practice in this population and in diabetes management.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns of Women with a Twin Pregnancy—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7724
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kwiatkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ◽  
Izabela Walasik ◽  
Agnieszka Osińska ◽  
Iwona Szymusik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Background: No specific physical activity guidelines are available for women in multiple pregnancy. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and experience of women regarding physical activity during their latest twin pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study including women after a twin delivery was conducted in Poland. A questionnaire was distributed in 2018 via web pages and Facebook groups designed for pregnant women. Results: 652 women filled out the questionnaire completely. Only 25% of women performed any physical exercises during twin gestation. The frequency of preterm delivery was similar in physically active and non-active participants. 35% of the respondents claimed to have gained information on proper activity from obstetricians during antenatal counselling while 11% claimed to be unable to identify the reliable sources of information. 7% of women admitted to feel discriminated by social opinion on exercising during a twin pregnancy. Conclusions: The population of women with a twin gestation is not sufficiently physically active and is often discouraged from performing exercises during gestation. Therefore, it is crucial to inform obstetricians to recommend active lifestyle during a twin gestation and to provide reliable information on physical activity to pregnant women. Further research on this topic is necessary in order for obstetric providers to counsel women on appropriate exercise with a twin pregnancy.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Muneera Almurdi ◽  
◽  
Syamala Buragadda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.

scholarly journals Predictors of physical activity for weekdays and weekends among adolescent – a cross-sectional study in Sarawak, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
WHYE LIAN CHEAH ◽  
HELMY HAZMI ◽  
CHING THON CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
The Mean

Background: This study aimed to describe the patterns of physical activities both at weekends and on weekdays and to identify their associated factors. Material/Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among secondary school students aged 13-15 years old in Kuching Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic information and to measure perceived barriers, self-efficacies and social influences. Anthropometric measurements were taken and used to determine BMI-for-age, while pedometers were used to assess the physical activity levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 474 students from six secondary schools participated. About 16% of the respondents were overweight and obese, majority of them males. The mean BMI was 21.21 ±12.93, higher among males. The mean steps per day were 6251.37±3085.31, with weekends recorded a higher number of steps. The number of steps among males was higher than among females. On weekdays, self-motivation scores significantly predicted the participants’ number of steps/physical activity rate (b = 521.43, 95% CI -72.78 to 1050.19). At weekends, lack of interest and knowledge scores (b = -427.82, 95% CI -837.72 to 17.92) and making choices scores (b = 737.41, 95% CI -197.94 to 1276.88) were significant to predict the number of steps/physical activity levels. Conclusions: These findings indicated the importance of investigating predictors of physical activity for weekdays and weekends. Thus, efforts should focus on how to motivate adolescents to be more physically active targeting the identified predictors for weekdays and week ends.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SCREEN TIME: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN ALIGARH, NORTH INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sameena Ahmad ◽  
Ali Jafar Abedi ◽  
Mohammad Athar Ansari ◽  
Salman Khalil ◽  
Mohd. Najmul Aqib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

ABSTRACTChildren have been exposed to electronic devices. They grow up thinking that these devices are a part of their daily lives. As they get older, their dependency on such devices grows, even during school days. As a result, their physical activity is hardly handled even until they reach adulthood. This study assessed the frequency of physical activity, duration of screen time, and association between these variables amongst school children. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 school-based adolescents aged 12 to 14 years at A.M.U. High Schools, Aligarh, in July 2018 to June 2019. Students were asked about their physical activity and screen habits by disseminating a self- reported questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 20.0. The study found that most of the students had adequate physical activities (75.51%), while the reported screen time duration was also adequate for most (59.1%).The association between the two variables was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). For the students with inadequate frequency of physical activity and enough duration of screen time, interventions should be done both at family and school levels to make them more physically active and better at performing studies and reaping the benefits of good health. Keywords: physical activity, school children, adolescents, screen time

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and socioeconomic inequalities in physical activity among Slovenian youth

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Kirbiš ◽  
Marina Tavčar Krajnc ◽  
Bojan Musil
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Frequent physical activity has previously been found associated with numerous health benefits, yet it is unequally distributed across social strata, including in Slovenia. The aim of the present study was to examine the frequency of and inequalities in physical activity among Slovenian youth. Methods: A representative cross-sectional study of 907 men and women aged 16–27 years (x̄age = 21.90, s = 3.25, 48.3 % women) living in Slovenia was carried out examining the determinants of physical activity (measured with a single item on the frequency of physical activity in previous 7 days). Results: More than four out of ten young people (41.3 %) reported being vigorously physically active for at least 20 minutes daily only on only two days or less in the previous week. Regression analysis indicated that eight predictor variables explained 4.2 % of the variance (Adjusted R2 = 3.4 %) in physical activity. Male gender was the only significant predictor of more frequent physical activity (β = 0.20, p < 0.001). In addition, interaction effect was detected with gender moderating the association between age and physical activity (β = -0.10, p < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion: Socioeconomic gradient in physical activity was not detected. Future studies should examine additional indicators of socioeconomic status and deprivation. The study results could provide a basis for programmes and interventions on physical activity that should target especially young women.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns among 9000 Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Walasik ◽  
Katarzyna Kwiatkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Kosińska Kaczyńska ◽  
Iwona Szymusik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Onset

The aim was to analyze the knowledge and experience of women regarding physical activity during their latest pregnancy. An anonymous questionnaire was completed electronically, in 2018, by 9345 women who gave birth at least once, with 52% of the women having performed exercises during pregnancy. Physically non-active respondents suffered from gestational hypertension (9.2% vs. 6.7%; p < 0.01) and gave birth prematurely (9% vs. 7%; p < 0.01) to newborns with a low birth weight significantly more often (6% vs. 3.6%; p < 0.001). Physically active women delivered vaginally more often (61% vs. 55%; p < 0.001) and were more likely to have a spontaneous onset of the delivery as compared with non-active women (73.8% vs. 70.7% p = 0.001). The women who were informed by gynaecologist about the beneficial influence of physical activity during pregnancy exercised significantly more often (67% vs. 44% p < 0.001). In addition, 13% of the women felt discrimination due to their physical activity during a pregnancy, 22% of respondents’ physical activity was not accepted by their environment, and 39.1% of the women were told by others to stop physical exercise because it was bad for the baby’s health. Physical activity during pregnancy is associated with improved fitness, decreased pregnancy ailments occurrence, and therefore influences the course of pregnancy and delivery in a positive way.

scholarly journals Associations between Socioeconomic Status, Social Participation, and Physical Activity in Older People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Northern Japanese City

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Sachiko Sasaki ◽  
Akinori Sato ◽  
Yoshie Tanabe ◽  
Shinji Matsuoka ◽  
Atsuhiro Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Physical activity (PA) is a key determinant of health in older adults. However, little is known about the effect of social factors on PA among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the association between socioeconomic status, social participation, and PA during the pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 999 community-dwelling residents aged 65–90 years. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic status, social participation, and PA data in August 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for the associations between socioeconomic status, social participation, and maintaining PA. For both sexes, PA was reduced by approximately 5–10% after the onset of COVID-19-related distancing restrictions. Men with a low socioeconomic status were less physically active (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30–0.82). Women who reported social participation had higher odds of maintaining PA (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13–2.45) during the restrictions. Higher socioeconomic status and social participation levels before the COVID-19 pandemic may have helped older adults to maintain PA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to clarify the potential effects of these factors on the health of older adults.

scholarly journals Does physical activity reinforce adolescents’ body-esteem? A cross-sectional study from Finland

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Sari Anne Ojala ◽  
Pertti Raimo Tapio Huotari ◽  
Jari Juhani Villberg ◽  
Jorma Antero Tynjälä
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Determinant ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Abstract Background Physical activity promotes a positive physical self-image, but less is known about whether the positive effect covers the general self-evaluation of adolescent appearance. The purpose of the study was to explore the association between physical activity and body-esteem in 15-year-old Finnish adolescents, via a country-representative cross-sectional study. Methods The data for the study were drawn from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from 122 schools, comprising 15-year-old adolescents (N=1956) in Finland in 2014. The main measures were self-reported (i) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and (ii) Body-esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA). The measures also covered other relevant factors for body image, as highlighted in previous studies. A mixed effects linear regression analysis for body-esteem was conducted. The explanatory variables included were (i) MVPA; (ii) weight status, as defined by the international (IOTF) body mass index with cut-offs for thinness, overweight, and obesity; (iii) self-esteem; and (iv) socio-economic status. The covariates in the model were maturation state and ethnic background. Results In both genders, the body-esteem score increased linearly with physical activity. It was highest among adolescents who reported having been engaged in MVPA corresponding to the international recommendation for adolescents’ physical activity. MVPA was a significant determinant for body-esteem in boys, but not in girls. In both genders, lower body-esteem was in part explained by obesity, but general self-esteem was by far the most significant factor determining body-esteem. Conclusions The several positive effects of physical activity provide feasible explanations as to why body-esteem was higher among physically active adolescents than among those who were less physically active. However, physical activity was a significant determinant for body-esteem only in boys. The difference between genders should be taken into consideration in efforts to promote health and physical activity.

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