PP26 Stepping up: interviews with student paramedics and lecturers about a scheme to increase workforce capacity within an English ambulance service during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. A11.2-A12
Author(s):  
Joshua Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ambulance Service ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Workforce Capacity ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Future Business

BackgroundDuring the UK’s first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, ambulance services acted to increase capacity rapidly. One English ambulance service recruited existing supernumerary student paramedics into a new, paid, hybrid role, working as one half of a double-crewed ambulance team.MethodsTen student paramedics and two university lecturers were interviewed remotely in one-to-one sessions with a single interviewer. Students participated from 3 of 4 partner universities, and lecturers from 2 of the 4. Their responses were transcribed and coded into a framework of the four processes of organisational entry: analysis, recruitment, selection, and induction.ResultsThe participants described barriers and facilitators to the success of the scheme in all four processes. Analysis: job descriptions and working conditions were not always clear to interviewees. Recruitment: some students described feeling under pressure to take part. Lecturers criticised communications, particularly around some of their student paramedics who had withdrawn from study. Selection: students were critical of some aspects of physical assessment being omitted for this new role, but later reinstated for subsequent paramedic recruitment events. Induction: most students praised the initial training and their induction onto ambulance stations, but many felt they should have been given driver training. Lecturers raised concerns that students at risk of failing in placement may not be supported adequately in this new role. Almost all participants praised the scheme’s intentions and overall delivery, and some suggested a similar role bears consideration for future business-as-usual university placements.ConclusionsParticipants were broadly positive about this scheme, with some suggesting that elements of this hybrid role could feature in a post-pandemic student paramedic programme. Limitations include recall bias and response bias, particularly in that students who declined to take part in the scheme also declined to take part in this interview study.

scholarly journals Coronavirus and Soft Law in Germany: Business as Usual?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Matthias Knauff
Keyword(s):  
Legal Order ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Binding Forms ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Made In

In combating the coronavirus pandemic in Germany, soft law has played an important, albeit not a central, role. Its use basically corresponds to that of under “normal circumstances”. In accordance with the German constitutional order, almost all substantial decisions are made in a legally binding form. However, these are often prepared through or supplemented by soft law. This article shows that soft law has played an important role in fighting the pandemic and its effects in Germany, although there cannot be any doubt that legally binding forms of regulation have prevailed. At the same time, the current pandemic has shed light on the advantages and effects of soft law in the context of the German legal order.

Money and Credit: Lessons of the Irish Bank Strike of 1970

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-365
Author(s):  
Malte Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Bank Deposits ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Settlement Mechanism

Abstract In Ireland, there was a bank strike that led to a complete shut-down of the main part of the banking system from May to November 1970. The effects of this strike were surprisingly limited. This had led some observers to conclude that trade credit can easily substitute for bank deposits as a means of payment. In this paper, it is shown how cash and cheques were used as substitutes and complements allowing for “business as usual” for an extended period of time. This paper argues that such a situation would not have prevailed much longer. The lack of a proper settlement mechanism implied that risks were rising for almost all transactors. In order to contain risks the use of trade credit would have declined and economic performance would have deteriorated progressively. Zusammenfassung In Irland hat 1970 ein Streik der Bankangestellten dazu geführt, dass wesentliche Teile des Banksystems von Mai bis November geschlossen waren. Die Auswirkungen dieses Streiks waren erstaunlich gering. Dies hat einige Beobachter zu der Schlussfolgerung veranlasst, dass Bankeinlagen als Zahlungsmittel sehr leicht durch Handelskredit ersetzbar sind. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie Bargeld und Schecks sowohl als Substitute als auch als Komplemente einen weitgehend störungsfreien Fortgang des geschäftlichen Lebens ermöglicht haben. Es wird jedoch argumentiert, dass dieser Zustand nicht sehr viel länger Bestand gehabt hätte. Ohne die Verfügbarkeit eines Settlement-Mediums nahmen die Risiken aller am Wirtschaftsleben Beteiligten ständig zu. Im Laufe der Zeit hätte die Vergabe von Handelskredit zunehmend eingeschränkt werden müssen, um diese Risiken zu begrenzen. Eine solche Einschränkung hätte die wirtschaftliche Aktivität zunehmend belastet. JEL Classification: E02, E59, G21, N14

scholarly journals System Analysis of Biogas Production—Part II Application in Food Industry Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lindkvist ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
Jenny Ivner
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
By Products

Biogas production from organic by-products is a way to recover energy and nutrients. However, biogas production is not the only possible conversion alternative for these by-products, and hence there is interest in studying how organic by-products are treated today and which alternatives for conversion are the most resource efficient from a systems perspective. This paper investigates if biogas production is a resource efficient alternative, compared to business as usual, to treat food industry by-products, and if so, under what circumstances. Five different cases of food industries were studied, all with different prerequisites. For all cases, three different scenarios were analysed. The first scenario is the business as usual (Scenario BAU), where the by-products currently are either incinerated, used as animal feed or compost. The second and third scenarios are potential biogas scenarios where biogas is either used as vehicle fuel (Scenario Vehicle) or to produce heat and power (Scenario CHP). All scenarios, and consequently, all cases have been analysed from three different perspectives: Economy, energy, and environment. The environmental perspective was divided into Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Eutrophication Potential (EP). The results show, in almost all the systems, that it would be more resource efficient to change the treatment method from Scenario BAU to one of the biogas scenarios. This paper concludes that both the perspective in focus and the case at hand are vital for deciding whether biogas production is the best option to treat industrial organic by-products. The results suggest that the food industry should not be the only actor involved in deciding how to treat its by-products.

scholarly journals The "Business-As-Usual" growth of global primary energy use and carbon dioxide emissions – historical trends and near-term forecasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1143-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jarvis ◽  
C. N. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual

Abstract. We analyse the global primary energy use and total CO2 emissions time series since 1850 and show that their relative growth rates appear to exhibit periodicity with a fundamental timescale of ~60 years and with significant harmonic behaviour. Quantifying the inertia inherent in these dynamics allows forecasting of future "business as usual" energy needs and their associated CO2 emissions. Our best estimates for 2020 are 800 EJ yr−1 for global energy use and 14 Gt yr−1 for global CO2 emissions, with both being above almost all other published forecasts. This suggests the energy and total CO2 emissions landscape in 2020 may be significantly more challenging than currently envisaged.

The Dimensions of EMI in the International Classroom

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Fortanet-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
The University ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Training

Teaching in a foreign language has expanded all over the world, mainly with the objective of internationalization. This expansion is especially evident in Europe, and in almost all institutions the language selected for this new trend has been English. New initiatives, such as ICLHE or EMI, require the preparation and training of teachers in order to guarantee success. Training to teach at the university has been a tradition in some countries and institutions. However, this practice was not generalized until the last decades. After a thoroughly recent literature review and a contextual analysis, and based on the experience in pre-service and in-service teacher training for EMI at Universitat Jaume I, the aim of this chapter is to make a proposal for a research-informed teacher training programme that can be effective not only for today's EMI developments, but also for the scenarios university lecturers will encounter in the near future.

Global estimates of water withdrawals and availability under current and future “business-as-usual” conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH ALCAMO ◽  
PETRA DÖLL ◽  
THOMAS HENRICHS ◽  
FRANK KASPAR ◽  
BERNHARD LEHNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Estimates ◽  
Water Withdrawals ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Future Business

scholarly journals TECHNICAL BACHELOR STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TO DISTANCE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Светлана Олеговна Фоминых ◽  
Галина Александровна Александрова ◽  
Ирина Владимировна Филиппова
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Familiar Environment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Lecturers

В условиях распространения Covid-19 в нашей стране практически все образовательные учреждения перешли на дистанционные образовательные технологии. У преподавателей и студентов вуза не было возможности плавного перехода к дистанционной форме обучения, а сроки были максимально сжаты. Предметом исследования является отношение студентов ЧГПУ им. И. Я. Яковлева к дистанционному обучению.Исследование проводилось на основе анкетирования студентов очной формы обучения, вынужденных в условиях распространения Covid-19 перейти на новый для них формат обучения. По результатам опроса можно сделать вывод, что основная доля респондентов на сегодняшний день не готова полностью отказаться от традиционных методов обучения в пользу дистанционных образовательных технологий.Проведенное исследование показало увеличение учебной нагрузки на студентов во время дистанционного обучения, а также позволило выявить его положительные стороны (занятия в комфортной и привычной обстановке; гибкость учебного процесса; возможность совмещать работу с учебой и т. д.) и трудности, с которыми пришлось столкнуться студентам в процессе дистанционного обучения (сложность выполнения практических заданий без объяснений преподавателя, большой объем заданий, учебной информации и т. д. In the context of the spread of Covid-19 in our country, almost all educational institutions have switched to distance educational technologies. University lecturers and students did not have a chance to go to distance learning gradually, and the terms were rather short. The subject of the research is the attitude of Yakovlev University students to distance learning.The study was carried out on the basis of the results of the questionnaire on the transition to a new form of education in the context of Covid-19. This questionnaire was held among full-time students who had experienced that transition. According to the results of the survey, it can be concluded that the majority of the respondents today are not ready to completely abandon the traditional form of learning in favor of distance learning technologies.The study showed an increase in the study load on students during distance learning, and also made it possible to identify its positive aspects (learning in a comfortable and familiar environment; flexibility of the educational process; the ability to combine work with study, etc.) and the difficulties that students were to face in the process of distance learning (the difficulty of completing practical tasks without explanations from the lecturer, a large amount of information asked, etc.).

scholarly journals Antibiotics in the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chaima Hammami ◽  
Wafa Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction. Systemic antibiotics present one of the alternative adjunctive therapies in nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Different protocols have been proposed, but their indication and effectiveness are still controversial. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the addition of antibiotics after nonsurgical debridement during initial therapy and compare different antimicrobial prescription protocols. Materials and Methods. An electronic search was performed through MEDLINE and EBSCOhost databases using the appropriate MeSH words. The target studies have to be published during the last five years. Data from the selected studies were extracted and analyzed. Study selection was done based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. Seven randomized clinical trials were included in our review. Their data were extracted using a grid established for this purpose. Collectively, different protocols have been proposed and almost all of them yield superior clinical and microbiological results compared to the placebo group. Conclusion. The overall findings of this review show a positive effect of the use of antibiotics as an adjunctive to NSPT, regardless of the antimicrobial agents used in our included studies. Sites with PD > 6 mm may benefit most from the adjunctive use of antibiotics in NSPT. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov identifiers: NCT02829983 (Bechara Andere et al., 2016); NCT02839421 (Ardila et al., 2020); NCT02735395 (Borges et al., 2017); NCT02359721 (Suryaprasanna et al., 2018); and NCT01318928 (Hans, 2015).

scholarly journals Quantifying differences in land use emission estimates implied by definition discrepancies

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Stocker ◽  
F. Joos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Mitigation Policy ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation Policy ◽  
Vegetation Models ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Earth System Models ◽  
Future Business

Abstract. The quantification of CO2 emissions from anthropogenic land use and land use change (eLUC) is essential to understand the drivers of the atmospheric CO2 increase and to inform climate change mitigation policy. Reported values in synthesis reports are commonly derived from different approaches (observation-driven bookkeeping and process-modelling) but recent work has emphasized that inconsistencies between methods may imply substantial differences in eLUC estimates. However, a consistent quantification is lacking and no concise modelling protocol for the separation of primary and secondary components of eLUC has been established. Here, we review differences of eLUC quantification methods and apply an Earth System Model (ESM) of Intermediate Complexity to quantify them. We find that the magnitude of effects due to merely conceptual differences between ESM and offline vegetation model-based quantifications is ~ 20 % for today. Under a future business-as-usual scenario, differences tend to increase further due to slowing land conversion rates and an increasing impact of altered environmental conditions on land-atmosphere fluxes. We establish how coupled Earth System Models may be applied to separate secondary component fluxes of eLUC arising from the replacement of potential C sinks/sources and the land use feedback and show that secondary fluxes derived from offline vegetation models are conceptually and quantitatively not identical to either, nor their sum. Therefore, we argue that synthesis studies should resort to the "least common denominator" of different methods, following the bookkeeping approach where only primary land use emissions are quantified under the assumption of constant environmental boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Financial Management Training for Empowerment of Mosque Youth in Pelawad Village, Serang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Rina Nopianti ◽  
Prastika Tjeng Suwandi ◽  
Leni Triana
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Training Materials ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
Communication Board

Pelawad Village is one of the villages in the Ciruas sub-district, Serang Regency, where the majority of the population is Muslim. Pelawad Village has eight mosques. In the management of mosque finances, based on preliminary information received from the BKPM (Mosque Youth Communication Board) it has not been carried out properly. Almost all mosques do not yet have a good bookkeeping system. This activity aims to provide simple financial bookkeeping training with the theme Financial Management Training for Empowerment of Mosque Youth. The method used in this community service activity is an action study through a training approach for youth and adolescents in the Pelawad-Ciruas village environment. To make this happen, BKPM has collaborated with several Bina Bangsa University lecturers. The partnership cooperation between BKPM and Abdimas team at Bina Bangsa University is carried out with the following agreements: BKPM is responsible for providing training facilities and infrastructure as well as coordinating training participants. The community service team served as resource persons and provided training materials. This activity has an outcome that must be achieved, namely increasing the ability of mosque-based financial management. The activity was carried out by after isha considering that the participants were mosque administrators and BKPM members who were caretakers of the mosque, and lasted for 3 days while still observing strict health protocols.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document