Neurological deficits after confirmed adder bite in a cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e000635
Author(s):  
Rebecca Robinson ◽  
Nicola Bates ◽  
Fiona Bolton ◽  
Nicola Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Adder Bite

A domestic shorthair cat presenting with pyrexia and tachycardia was given an antibiotic for suspected infection but returned 48 hours later with inability to defecate or urinate and with tail paralysis. There was swelling and bruising at the tail base but no radiographic evidence of a tail pull injury. Laboratory parameters and urinary and faecal cultures were normal. Five days later the owner reported an adder in the garden, and due to no response to supportive care, antivenom was given. Within two hours clinical signs improved, and by 12 hours the tachycardia and pyrexia had resolved. Laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of adder venom in a blood sample. Urination and defecation were normal at five months with regained function in the cranial third of the tail. It is thought clinical signs were due to direct venom-induced necrosis of nerve tissue rather than venom neurotoxins.

scholarly journals Investigation of an EHV-1 Outbreak in the United States Caused by a New H752 Genotype

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Nicola Pusterla ◽  
Samantha Barnum ◽  
Julia Miller ◽  
Sarah Varnell ◽  
Barbara Dallap-Schaer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Flunixin Meglumine ◽  
Nasal Secretions

Here we report on an EHV-1 outbreak investigation caused by a novel genotype H752 (histidine in amino acid position 752 of the ORF 30 gene). The outbreak involved 31 performance horses. Horses were monitored over a period of 35 days for clinical signs, therapeutic outcome and qPCR results of EHV-1 in blood and nasal secretions. The morbidity of the EHV-1 outbreak was 84% with 26 clinically infected horses displaying fever and less frequently anorexia and distal limb edema. Four horses showed mild transient neurological deficits. Clinically diseased horses experienced high viral load of EHV-1 in blood and/or nasal secretions via qPCR, while subclinically infected horses had detectable EHV-1 mainly in nasal secretions. The majority of infected horses showed a rise in antibody titers to EHV-1 during the outbreak. All 31 horses were treated with valacyclovir, while clinically infected horses further received flunixin meglumine and sodium heparin. This investigation highlights various relevant aspects of an EHV-1 outbreak caused by a new H752 genotype: (i) importance of early detection of EHV-1 infection; (ii) diagnostic challenge to assess H752 genotype; (iii) apparent benefit of valacyclovir use in the early stage of the outbreak; and (iv) weekly testing of blood and nasal secretions by qPCR in order to monitor individual infection status and lift quarantine.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Sporadic Peripheral Nerve Schwannomas in Adults: Indications and Outcome in a Single Center Cohort

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Julian Zipfel ◽  
Meizer Al-Hariri ◽  
Isabel Gugel ◽  
Alexander Grimm ◽  
Volker Steger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Most sporadic peripheral nerve sheath tumors in adults are schwannomas. These tumors usually present with significant pain but can also cause neurological deficits. Symptomatology is diverse, and successful surgical interventions demand interdisciplinarity. We retrospectively reviewed 414 patients treated between 2006 and 2017 for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. We analyzed clinical signs, symptoms, histology, and neurological function in the cohort of adult patients with schwannomas without a neurocutaneous syndrome. In 144 patients, 147 surgical interventions were performed. Mean follow-up was 3.1 years. The indication for surgery was pain (66.0%), neurological deficits (23.8%), significant tumor growth (8.8%), and suspected malignancy (1.4%). Complete tumor resection was achieved on 136/147 occasions (92.5%). The most common location of the tumors was intraspinal (49.0%), within the cervical neurovascular bundles (19.7%), and lower extremities (10.9%). Pain and neurological deficits improved significantly (p ≤ 0.003) after 131/147 interventions (89.1%). One patient had a persistent decrease in motor function after surgery. Complete resection was possible in 67% of recurrent tumors, compared to 94% of primary tumors. There was a significantly lower chance of complete resection for schwannomas of the cervical neurovascular bundle as compared to other locations. The surgical outcome of sporadic schwannoma surgery within the peripheral nervous system is very favorable in experienced peripheral nerve surgery centers. Surgery is safe and effective and needs a multidisciplinary setting. Early surgical resection in adult patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumors with significant growth, pain, neurological deficit, or suspected malignancy is thus recommended.

scholarly journals Exploring alterations in hematological and biochemical parameters, enzyme activities and serum cortisol in Besnoitia besnoiti naturally infected dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Villa ◽  
Alessia Libera Gazzonis ◽  
Sergio Aurelio Zanzani ◽  
Silvia Mazzola ◽  
Alessia Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Besnoitia Besnoiti ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Bovine Besnoitiosis ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

Abstract Background Besnoitia besnoiti is an Apicomplexan protozoa causative of bovine besnoitiosis, a chronic and debilitating disease of cattle, with a variety of pathological findings that could alter some laboratory parameters. A study was conducted in a bovine besnoitiosis endemically infected dairy herd located in Italy characterized by high intra-herd seroprevalence and cattle with clinical signs of the disease. In the study, alterations in laboratory parameters, i.e. hematological and biochemical parameters, enzyme activities and serum cortisol levels, in Besnoitia besnoiti naturally infected cows were investigated in depth. Methods Laboratory parameters in 107 cows, of which 61 were seronegative and 46 were seropositive to B. besnoiti, including 27 with clinical signs of bovine besnoitiosis, were compared. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effect of Besnoitia infection on the considered laboratory parameters. Results Hematological analyses revealed that B. besnoiti infection determined a significant alteration to the leukocyte differential, with a higher percentage of granulocytes and a lower percentage of lymphocytes in seropositive and clinically affected animals (Mann–Whitney U-test, P = 0.022); erythrocyte and platelet counts did not show any difference between the considered groups of cows. Biochemistry tests evidenced that the parasite infection influenced serum protein values in seropositive cows and glutamate dehydrogenase values in clinically affected animals. No or only slight differences were revealed for all of the other biochemical and enzyme activity parameters in B. besnoiti-infected animals. In addition, despite the lack of statistical significance, seropositive and clinically affected cows evidenced higher concentrations of serum cortisol values compared to seronegative animals. Conclusions Although physiological, pathological and farm-related factors could have influenced the results in investigated animals, further studies involving more animals from different farms would be advisable to infer the role of B. besnoiti on these alterations, since laboratory parameters could help veterinarians in the diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis in cattle.

scholarly journals Cerebellar peduncle abscess secondary to disseminated strangles in a six-week-old miniature foal

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Brianne Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Streptococcus Equi ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
The Right

During a strangles outbreak within a herd of minature horses, a six week old foal developed acute onset clinical signs of sepsis and neurological deficits. The foal was euthanized and submitted for post-mortem at the Animal Health Laboratories, Guelph Ontario. Gross <em>post-mortem</em> examination noted severe bronchopneumonia, hypopyon of the right eye and a singular cerebellar peduncle abscess. Culture of the lungs and cerebellum produced a pure growth of <em>Streptococcus equi</em> ssp. <em>equi</em>. <em>Streptococcus equi</em> ssp. <em>equi</em>, the causative agent of equine strangles, produces an acute pyrexia, purulent lymphadenopathy of submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Commonly, lymph node abscesses rupture and resolve without complication. Rarely, complications may include: dissemination of the bacteria with diffuse abscess formation, immune mediated disease (purpura haemorrhagica), rarely abscess formation within the central nervous system (CNS) can occur. These can be managed medically with appropriate antibiotics and drugs to reduce intra-cranial pressure, however surgical drainage and debulking of the abscess has been attempted successfully in a few cases.

scholarly journals The perception, beliefs and practices toward genitourinary schistosomiasis by inhabitants of selected endemic areas (Edo/Delta States) in south-eastern Nigeria

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nnamdi Callistus D. Ukwandu ◽  
O. P. G. Nmorsi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Well-structured questionnaire on the perception, impression and response to genitourinary bilharziasis (Genitourinary schistosomiasis) was administered and explained in local languages: 'Igbo' 'Esan' 'Ezon' Itshekiri and Bini to 33815 inhabitants of selected endemic areas in south-eastern Nigeria from January, 1999 to December, 2001. Out of this number, 3815 (11.3%) were properly filled and returned. About 42.0% of the inhabitants admitted knowledge of the disease, while 14 (0.4%) knew about the aetiologic agent. About 181 (5.0%) who responded, admitted procuring treatment, while 100 (5.0%) declined to seek treatment of any sort. The relationships between water-bodies and human activities, and infection were well discussed. Amongst those who admitted knowledge of the disease but no knowledge of its etiologic agent, declined seeking treatment of any kind, but believe the disease is a natural phenomenon in ones developmental stage and therefore of no morbidity and mortality. Laboratory analysis of urine, faeces, semen and HVS was employed to assess questionnaire responses, and in some cases, physical examination was utilized to augment laboratory analysis in confirming urinal diagnosis. Haematuria was only directly related to egg count in the early part of life. Females were significantly haematuric and excreted more ova than males (p < 0.05). Headache (43.0%) and fever (31.0%) were major clinical signs while sexual pains (22.0%) were the least.

Tethered cord syndrome in children with anorectal malformations

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natarajan Muthukumar ◽  
Bhuvaneswari Subramaniam ◽  
Thangaraj Gnanaseelan ◽  
Ramesh Rathinam ◽  
Appaswamy Thiruthavadoss
Keyword(s):  
Tethered Cord ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Neurological Improvement ◽  
Intraspinal Anomalies ◽  
Bone Abnormalities ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Anorectal malformations are known to be associated with neurological deficits, which may contribute to the disability suffered by patients with these malformations. This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and pattern of sacral abnormalities in children with anorectal malformations, the incidence and nature of the neurological deficits, and the incidence and nature of operable intraspinal abnormalities in patients with this condition.Methods. Neurological evaluation was performed in 81 children with anorectal malformations. Plain x-ray films were obtained to identify the presence of sacral abnormalities. The patients with neurological deficits were evaluated for the presence of operable intraspinal anomalies, and when such anomalies were identified, correction of the same was undertaken. In 21% of these children radiographic evidence of sacral abnormalities was shown. Fifteen percent of patients harbored neurological deficits, and 10% harbored operable intraspinal anomalies. In addition, one patient had split notochord syndrome. Patients with operable intraspinal anomalies underwent surgical correction, with resultant neurological improvement.Conclusions. Bone abnormalities of the sacrum, neurological deficits, and operable intraspinal lesions are not uncommon in children with anorectal malformations. Because the neurological deficits can contribute to the disability suffered by these individuals, we recommend routine screening of patients with anorectal malformations and neurological deficits and/or sacral abnormalities for the early identification and treatment of potentially correctable intraspinal lesions.

The efficacy and safety of using the topical medicine with combined action in patients with opportunistic vaginal infections

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Vera N. Prilepskaya ◽  
Giuldana R. Bairamova ◽  
Elena A. Mezhevitinova ◽  
Andrei E. Donnikov ◽  
Dmitry Yu. Trofimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Gynecological Examination

Relevance.Infections of the lower genital tract are one of the most common reasons for women to visit a gynecologist. According to various authors, among all vulvovaginitis, the highest percentage of patients visiting a doctor is bacterial vaginosis (2050%), vulvovaginal candidiasis (1739%), trichomoniasis (10%) and other genital infections (10%). In the management of patients with infectious processes of the genitals, the choice of the method of therapy is of great importance, which allows not only to influence the microbes-associates, detected in high concentrations in the womans vagina during the initial episode of the disease, but also to prevent the development of relapses. Aim.To evaluate the clinical and laboratory efficacy, adherence and long-term results of benzydamine use in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis, aerobic vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis Materials and methods.The study included 31 women aged 18 to 49 years, who complained of abundant discharge from the genital tract, itching, burning, dyspareunia. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination was carried out, including the collection of anamnestic data, general and special gynecological examination, microscopy of vaginal smears, KOH test, determination of the pH of the vaginal environment, assessment of vaginal microbiocenosis by quantitative PCR in real time. All patients were prescribed benzydamine hydrochloride, which was used as monotherapy in the form of a vaginal solution according to the recommended treatment regimen specified in the instructions for medical use of the drug TantumRosa 1 (irrigation 2 times a day for 10 days). Results.In 1219 days after beginning treatment, 25 (80.6%) of 31 patients with laboratory signs of vaginal microflora alterations showed restoration of the normal vaginal biocenosis laboratory parameters. Of them, 8 patients initially had dysbiosis, 12 patients yeast-like fungi, 4 patients aerobic vaginitis and 1 patient a combination of dysbiosis and fungi. Herewith, all patients also noted clinical signs of improvement. In 1219 days after beginning treatment, 6 (1.4%) of 31 patients with laboratory signs of vaginal biocenosis alterations had unsatisfactory laboratory parameters; that is vaginal biocenosis alterations (a decrease in Lactobacillus spp. percentage). At the same time, there were no clinical signs of pronounced inflammation such as pathological discharge, hyperemia, vaginal swelling. Conclusion.Benzydamine hydrochloride can be widely used in gynecological practice due to its combined effects on inflammation of the vagina, good clinical and microbiological results. It is important to note that additional therapy with drugs which contain lactobacilli is required only in 19.4% of cases. The clinical and laboratory effectiveness of benzydamine hydrochloride (TantumRosa) was 96.8%, since the relapse rate after 3060 days of the study did not exceed 3.2%.

scholarly journals Temporary remission of disseminated paecilomycosis in a German shepherd dog treated with ketoconazole : case report

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Booth ◽  
J.J. Van der Lugt ◽  
A. Van Heerden ◽  
J.A. Picard
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
German Shepherd Dog ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
Carpal Joint

Disseminated mycosis caused by Paecilomyces varioti in a female German shepherd dog presented with chronic forelimb lameness is described. Radiographs of the swollen carpal joint revealed geographic lysis of the radial epiphysis. Diagnosis was based on cytological demonstration of fungal hyphae and chlamydiospores, as well as fungal culture of fluid obtained by arthrocentesis. Temporary remission was characterised by markedly improved clinical signs and laboratory parameters, following treatment with ketoconazole. The dog was euthanased 9 months after the initial diagnosis, following the diagnosis of multifocal discospondylitis. This appears to be the longest described period of temporary remission obtained with treatment in dogs with paecilomycosis. Clinical, clinicopathological and necropsy findings of this disease in another German shepherd dog are briefly described.

Diagnostic Values of Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Findings in Presumptive Trigeminal Neuropathy: 49 Dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Musso ◽  
Kevin Le Boedec ◽  
Eymeric Gomes ◽  
Laurent Cauzinille
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Trigeminal Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Ear Effusion

ABSTRACT The goal of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to describe the different etiologies of trigeminal neuropathy based on clinical and MRI findings and to evaluate the significance of associated concomitant disorders. MRI studies of 49 dogs with trigeminal neuropathy were blindly reviewed and were classified into the following three groups: neoplasia, neuritis, or idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy (ITN). Thirty-one percent were suspected to have neoplasia (all unilateral), 16% to have neuritis (1 bilateral and 7 unilateral), and 53% to have ITN (4 unilateral and 22 bilateral). Dogs with clinical bilateral trigeminal dysfunction were most likely to have a diagnosis of ITN (predicted probability 95.7%). Unilateral clinical signs were significantly associated with neoplasia or neuritis compared with ITN (P &lt; .001 and P = .002, respectively). Even with marked brainstem neoplastic involvement, central neurological deficits may be absent. Sensory impairment was significantly associated with either neoplasia or neuritis compared with ITN (P = .007 and P = .03, respectively). Ipsilateral noninfectious middle ear effusion was only seen in dogs with neoplasia (33%). Horner’s syndrome was present in 12% of all dogs (2 dogs in each group). Dogs with neoplasia were significantly older than dogs with neuritis (P = .02) and ITN (P = .002). JAAHA-MS-6997

scholarly journals Outbreak of trichinellosis in eastern Slovakia

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Paraličová ◽  
J. Kinčeková ◽  
I. Schréter ◽  
P. Jarčuška ◽  
P. Dubinský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Periorbital Oedema ◽  
Laboratory Changes

AbstractTrichinellosis is a zoonosis caused by ingestion of undercooked raw meat from animals that harbour infectious larvae. In most of the Slovak regions there is ongoing life cycle of circulating trichinellosis in wild carnivores and wild boar population. The outbreak of trichinellosis occured in Rožňava district east Slovakia during spring in 2008. Ten members of farmer’s family and their relatives got ill while processing meat from home-made pig-slaughter for meals and meat products intended for wedding dinner. During the meat processing all of them tasted raw meat. Moreover, another 45 persons were exposed to this infection by eating heat-treated meat products. The most common predominant clinical signs were: myalgias, fever, fatigue, exanthema and periorbital oedema. On the 40th day after infection there were intermediate to high titres of trichinella IgG antibodies detected (10 patients), high levels of eosinophilia (10 patients) with maximum of 6.76 × 109/l (55 %) and profound changes in selected laboratory parameters: decreased levels of total proteins, increased levels of alpha 1-globulin and C reactive protein. Presence of IgG antibodies as well as aforementioned laboratory parameters was important markers of trichinellosis in our study, whereas other laboratory changes (leukocytosis, high levels of activity lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase) were detected only in few hospitalized patients.

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