scholarly journals Effects of acute postexercise chocolate milk consumption during intensive judo training on the recovery of salivary hormones, salivary SIgA, mood state, muscle soreness, and judo-related performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1116-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Papacosta ◽  
George P. Nassis ◽  
Michael Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A

This study examined the effects of postexercise chocolate milk (CM) or water (W) consumption during 5 days of intensive judo training with concomitant weight loss on salivary cortisol and testosterone, salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and judo-related performance. Twelve trained male judo athletes engaged in 5 days of intensive judo training followed by a simulated judo competition, on 2 separate training weeks 14 days apart. The athletes consumed 1000 mL of W (week 1) or CM (week 2) immediately post-training. During both weeks, athletes were instructed to “make weight” for the upcoming competition. Performance in timed push-ups and the Special Judo Fitness Test improved by 14.6% and 6.8%, respectively, at the end of the training week with CM consumption (both p < 0.001). Decreased salivary cortisol (p < 0.01) and a trend for an increased salivary testosterone/cortisol ratio (p = 0.07) were also observed midweek in the CM condition. Saliva flow rate was higher during the week with CM intake compared with W intake (p < 0.001). DOMS (p < 0.001) and mood disturbance (p < 0.0001) increased after the first day of training in the W condition but not in the CM condition. Salivary testosterone and SIgA responses were similar between treatments (p > 0.05). Body mass decreased by 1.9% in the W condition and by 1.1% in the CM condition, with no significant difference between treatments. This study indicates that postexercise CM consumption during short-term intensive judo training enhances aspects of recovery without affecting intentional weight loss.

scholarly journals SALIVARY SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A LEVEL OF CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN MAINTENANCE PHASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danar Pradipta Rani ◽  
Sarworini B Budiardjo ◽  
Margaretha Suharsini
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

 Objective: The objective of this research is to investigate the differences in salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels between children with gingivitis who have acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy and the levels in healthy children with gingivitis.Methods: This study used cross-sectional and laboratory observation methods with 19 ALL children and 19 healthy children who all had mild gingivitis. Two mL of saliva were collected and stored at −200°C. Then, salivary sIgA levels were measured using the ELISA method.Results: The results indicate an insignificant difference (p>0.05) in salivary sIgA levels between the ALL children in the maintenance phase with the level of 21.38 (7.23–107.26) and 37.26 (11.24–135.63) for the healthy children.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in salivary sIgA levels between the ALL children in the maintenance phase and the healthy children.

scholarly journals The Effects of Play Behavior, Feeding, and Time of Day on Salivary Concentrations of sIgA in Calves

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Spiesberger ◽  
Stephanie Lürzel ◽  
Martina Patzl ◽  
Andreas Futschik ◽  
Susanne Waiblinger
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Play Behavior ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A

The focus of animal welfare science has shifted over the last decades from efforts to avoid negative states to ways of allowing animals the experience of positive emotions. They may influence physiological processes in farmed animals, potentially providing health benefits; in addition, the physiological changes might be used as indicators of emotional states. We investigated calves’ salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentrations with regard to a possible circadian rhythm and two situations that elicit positive emotions. Ten saliva samples of 14 calves were taken on two consecutive days; within the course of a day we observed a significant decline in salivary sIgA concentrations at 14:00 h. Further, we probed the animals before and after milk feeding and, contrarily to our prediction, detected lower sIgA concentrations 5 min after feeding than 15 min before. A probable explanation might be an increase in salivary flow rate caused by milk ingestion. We also took samples before and after we stimulated play behavior in calves. There was no significant difference in sIgA concentrations between samples taken before and after play. Although there was a significant correlation between the change in sIgA concentrations and the amount of play behavior shown, the correlation depended on an unexpected decrease of sIgA in animals that played little, and thus, does not support our hypothesis. In general, the data showed a large variability that might arise from different factors that are difficult to standardize in animals. Thus, the use of salivary sIgA concentrations as a marker of positive emotions in calves is not supported conclusively by the present data.

scholarly journals Body-weight goals, trends, and weight-loss techniques among patients with peripheral arterial disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Addison ◽  
R Yang ◽  
MC Serra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: Obesity contributes to negative outcomes in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Little is known about the body-weight goals and trends among patients with PAD. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore self-reported body-weight trends and methods used to achieve weight loss in patients with PAD. Methods: Data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was utilized to compare individuals with PAD who were overweight and obese ( n = 240), to matched individuals without PAD ( n = 480). Self-reported body weight at age 25 years, 10 years prior and 1 year prior to the current assessment, and age and weight of heaviest body weight were compared. Self-reported weight-loss techniques during the past year were compared between groups. Results: Individuals with PAD and controls reported similar weights 10 years prior (79.2 kg vs 78.5 kg; p = 0.60) and weight gain over the last 10 years of 5.7 kg. There was no significant difference in reported body weight at age 25 years, 10 years prior, 1 year prior, or heaviest weight. Compared with the control group, fewer participants with PAD reported attempted weight loss in the last year (27.50% vs 36.04%; p = 0.02) and were half as likely to report utilizing exercise as a weight-loss method (12.5% vs 21.7%; p = 0.003). Conclusions: These data indicate that those with PAD are less inclined to attempt weight loss, especially through means of increased physical activity. Future research is needed regarding the effectiveness of intentional weight-loss programs in this population.

scholarly journals Alterações no perfil de estado de humor e cortisol salivar em senhores de meia idade praticantes de futebol “sete” (Changes in the mood profile and salivary cortisol en middle-aged soccer “seven” players) (Cambios en el perfil del estado de ánimo y cort

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1049-1055
Author(s):  
Luciana Ferreira ◽  
Fredi Telles da Silva ◽  
Adolpho Amorim ◽  
Mariana Ardengue ◽  
Ademar Avelar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference

  Analisou-se o perfil de estado de humor e a concentração de cortisol salivar em praticantes de “futebol sete”, com idade acima de 55 anos, antes, durante e após uma partida competitiva. Foram avaliados 19 jogadores por meio do Perfil do Estado de Humor e a concentração do cortisol salivar em diferentes momentos do jogo. Os dados foram analisados pelo de teste de Wilcoxon, Anova de Medidas Repetidas e correlação de Spearman. Em relação as características pessoais, verificou-se que os praticantes de “Futebol Sete” apresentaram um nível de atividade física considerado muito ativo (31,60%) e ativo (47,40%) o que totalizou setenta e nove por cento (79,0%) da amostra, salienta-se que 21,10% se autoavaliaram como irregularmente ativos. Ao final do jogo as variáveis relacionadas ao perfil de estado de humor se alteraram, mas não ocorreu diferença estatisticamente significativamente entre o pré-jogo e os demais momentos do jogo. Por outro lado, ocorreu um aumento significativo de quatro vezes na elevação da concentração de cortisol salivar entre o pré jogo e após 40 minutos de jogo. Conclui-se que a prática de “futebol sete” como prática competitiva é fonte geradora de estresse para os jogadores com idade acima de 55 anos.  Resumen: El perfil del estado de ánimo y la concentración de cortisol salival en jugadores de "fútbol siete", mayores de 55 años, se analizaron antes, durante y después de un partido competitivo. Diecinueve jugadores fueron evaluados utilizando el perfil del estado de ánimo y la concentración de cortisol salival en diferentes momentos del juego. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon, Anova de medidas repetidas y la correlación de Spearman. En cuanto a las características personales, parece que los practicantes de "fúbol siete" tienen un nivel de actividad física considerado muy activo (31.60%) y activo (47.40%) o que totalizó setenta y nueve por ciento (79, 0%), yo sé que 21,10% se autoevaluó como irregularmente activo. Al final del juego, las variables relacionadas con el perfil del estado de ánimo cambiaron, pero no hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el pre-juego y los otros momentos del juego. Por otro lado, hubo un aumento significativo de cuatro veces en el aumento de la concentración de cortisol en la saliva entre antes del juego y después de 40 minutos de juego. Se concluye que la práctica del "fútbol siete" como práctica competitiva es una fuente de estrés para los jugadores mayores de 55 años. Abstract: The mood state profile and the concentration of salivary cortisol in “soccer seven” players, aged over 55 years, were analyzed before, during and after a competitive match. Nineteen players were assessed using the Mood State Profile and the concentration of salivary cortisol at different times of the game. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Anova of Repeated Measures and Spearman correlation. Regarding personal characteristics, that practitioners of "soccer seven" have a level of physical activity considered very active (31.60%), active (47.40%), total of seventy-nine percent (79,0%), and 21.10% self-assessed themselves as irregularly active. At the end of the game, the variables related to the mood profile changed, but there was no statistically significant difference between the pre-match and the other moments of the match. On the other hand, there was a significant increase (four times) in the salivary cortisol concentration between pre-match and after 40 minutes of match. It is concluded that the practice of "soccer seven" as a competitive practice is a source of stress for players over 55 years old.

scholarly journals Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Angela Diago-Galmés ◽  
Carlos Guillamón-Escudero ◽  
Jose M. Tenías-Burillo ◽  
Jose M. Soriano ◽  
Julio Fernández-Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
European Working ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Total Body

Nowadays, the appearance of sarcopenia (S) or sarcopenic obesity (SO) is related to aging. According to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the feasibility of using salivary cortisol and testosterone levels was analyzed as diagnostic biomarkers of S or SO. One hundred and ninety non-institutionalized people aged ≥65 years were studied, independent of the activities of daily living (ADLs) (Barthel > 60), and sociodemographic variables were determined together with criteria for the diagnosis of S and SO including grip force, lower body strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, physical performance, total body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and triceps skinfold, together with the levels of salivary cortisol and testosterone. Our results reflected that women presented a higher prevalence of S and SO (21.2% and 30.2%, respectively). A significant difference was observed between salivary testosterone levels and the age of the participants with differences by sex. Testosterone values in men with S and SO were significantly lower (p = 0.043 and p = 0.048, respectively), which suggests a potential use of the biomarker for diagnostic purposes. No significant differences were shown with cortisol values.

scholarly journals Brief Report: Training Load, Salivary Immunoglobulin A, and Illness Incidence in Elite Paratriathletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben T. Stephenson ◽  
Eleanor Hynes ◽  
Christof A. Leicht ◽  
Keith Tolfrey ◽  
Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Median Concentration ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Report Symptom ◽  
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A

Purpose: To gain an exploratory insight into the relation between training load (TL), salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and upper respiratory tract illness (URI) in elite paratriathletes. Methods: Seven paratriathletes were recruited. Athletes provided weekly saliva samples for the measurement of sIgA over 23 consecutive weeks (February to July) and a further 11 consecutive weeks (November to January). sIgA was compared to individuals’ weekly training duration, external TL, and internal TL, using time spent in predetermined heart-rate zones. Correlations were assessed via regression analyses. URI was quantified via weekly self-report symptom questionnaire. Results: There was a significant negative relation between athletes’ individual weekly training duration and sIgA secretion rate (P = .028), with changes in training duration accounting for 12.7% of the variance (quartiles: 0.2%, 19.2%). There was, however, no significant relation between external or internal TL and sIgA parameters (P ≥ .104). There was no significant difference in sIgA when URI was present or not (101% vs 118% healthy median concentration; P ≥ .225); likewise, there was no difference in sIgA when URI occurred within 2 wk of sampling or not (83% vs 125% healthy median concentration; P ≥ .120). Conclusions: Paratriathletes’ weekly training duration significantly affects sIgA secretion rate, yet the authors did not find a relation between external or internal TL and sIgA parameters. Furthermore, it was not possible to detect any link between sIgA and URI occurrence, which throws into question the potential of using sIgA as a monitoring tool for early detection of illness.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarkers of Stress, Anxiety and Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Sylwia Chojnowska ◽  
Iwona Ptaszyńska-Sarosiek ◽  
Alina Kępka ◽  
Małgorzata Knaś ◽  
Napoleon Waszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
As Stress

Stress, anxiety and depressive disorders are often characterized by the activation of the stress axis, which results in similar symptoms at some point in these disorders. These disorders are closely related to each other—they occur simultaneously or follow one another. The diagnosis of stress, anxiety and depression is not a perfect procedure currently—it is based on patient observation and an interview with the patient and their family. There are no laboratory tests that would dispel the doubts of the doctor making the diagnosis and allow the appropriate treatment to be implemented as soon as possible. Therefore, this study will review the components of saliva that could be helpful in the quick diagnosis of stress, anxiety and/or depression. Such potential salivary biomarkers could also be useful in monitoring the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment prescribed by a psychiatrist. The following are promising salivary biomarkers of stress, anxiety or depression: cortisol, immunoglobulin A (sIgA), lysozyme, melatonin, α-amylase (sAA), chromogranin A (CgA) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). To the best valuable potential salivary markers of stress, we can include cortisol, lysozyme, sAA and CgA. To differentiate depression from stress, salivary cortisol and melatonin can be helpful. Fluctuations in the concentrations of the above-mentioned substances in saliva indicate a particularly strong relationship with typical human psychological problems, such as stress, depression or anxiety.

scholarly journals Is duodeno-jejunal bypass liner superior to pylorus preserving bariatric surgery in terms of complications and efficacy?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Bence Balint ◽  
Ferenc Csaszar ◽  
Krisztian Somodi ◽  
Laszlo Ternyik ◽  
Adrienn Biro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Loss Outcomes ◽  
Jejunal Bypass

Abstract Purpose Based on recent scientific evidence, bariatric surgery is more effective in the management of morbid obesity and related comorbidities than conservative therapy. Pylorus preserving surgical procedures (PPBS) such as laparoscopic single-anastomosis duodeno-jejunal or duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy are modified duodenal switch (DS) surgical techniques. The duodeno-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is a novel surgical method in the inventory of metabolism focused manual interventions that excludes duodeno-jejunal mucosa from digestion, mimicking DS procedures without the risk of surgical intervention. The aim of this article is to summarize and compare differences between safety-related features and weight loss outcomes of DJBL and PPBS. Methods A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database. Records of DJBL-related adverse events (AEs), occurrence of PPBS-related complications and reintervention rates were collected. Mean weight, mean body mass index (BMI), percent of excess of weight loss (EWL%), percent of total weight loss (TWL%) and BMI value alterations were recorded for weight loss outcomes. Results A total of 11 publications on DJBL and 6 publications on PPBS were included, involving 800 and 1462 patients, respectively. The baseline characteristics of the patients were matched. Comparison of DJBL-related AEs and PPBS-related severe complications showed an almost equal risk (risk difference (RD): −0.03 and confidence interval (CI): −0.27 to 0.21), despite higher rates among patients having received endoscopic treatment. Overall AE and complication rates classified by Clavien-Dindo showed that PPBS was superior to DJBL due to an excess risk level of 25% (RD: 0.25, CI: 0.01–0.49). Reintervention rates were more favourable in the PPBS group, without significant differences in risk (RD: −0.03, CI: −0.27 to 0.20). However, PPBS seemed more efficient regarding weight loss outcomes at 1-year follow-up according to raw data, while meta-analysis did not reveal any significant difference (odds ratio (OR): 1.08, CI: 0.74–1.59 for BMI changes). Conclusion Only limited conclusions can be made based on our findings. PPBS was superior to DJBL with regard to safety outcomes (GRADE IIB), which failed to support the authors’ hypothesis. Surgical procedures showed lower complication rates than the incidence of DJBL-related AEs, although it should be emphasized that the low number of PPBS-related mild to moderate complications reported could be the result of incomplete data recording from the analysed publications. Weight loss outcomes favoured bariatric surgery (GRADE IIB). As the DJBL is implanted into the upper gastrointestinal tract for 6 to 12 months, it seems a promising additional method in the inventory of metabolic interventions.

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