The effect of two audible sound frequencies on the germination and growth of a spring and winter wheat

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pearl Weinberger ◽  
Mary Measures
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Sound Exposure ◽  
Audible Sound ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of sound of 5 kc/s and 12 kc/s on the germination and growth of grains and seedlings of vernalized spring (Marquis) and winter (Rideau) wheats was investigated. Untreated controls were simultaneously followed, and all experimental series were replicated at least three times. Growth cabinets were systematically interchanged with the replications to eliminate other variables. Sound at both frequencies significantly stimulated the germination of Marquis grains maintained at 2° and 10 °C. At 25 °C the rate of germination was unchanged. An indication of a slightly elevated germination rate was observed in Rideau grains held at 2° and exposed to 5 kc/s. Neither frequency significantly affected germination at 10° or 25 °C.Growth of plants derived from fully vernalized grains was followed by measuring total plant height, wet and dry weight of "tops", number of roots, and their fresh and dry weights. Rideau wheat grew more vigorously at both sound frequencies. Continuous exposure to 5 kc/s both during vernalization and subsequent growth resulted in a 200% or greater increase in all parameters followed. The growth response of Marquis wheat was dependent upon treatment. Some conditions of sound exposure accelerated growth, whereas in others growth was depressed.

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymers and Gibberellin on Germination and Growth of alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxu Zhang ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Jinghe Tao ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Germination And Growth

For proven effects of eco-friendly super absorbent polymer and gibberellin on germination and growth of alfalfa, taking the germination and growth test in the artificial climate box by adding the different amount of super absorbent polymer and gibberellin. Observed the germination potential, germination rate, shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight, under the different experiment conditions. The test showed that the super absorbent polymer had a promoting effect on alfalfa. The property of slowly release water, water supply on super absorbent polymer could keep plants prolonging the survival rate in the case of insufficient water supply. It could improve the germination rate of the seed of alfalfa. Adding super absorbent polymer and gibberellin not only improved the survival rate, but also promoted the growth of root and shoot on alfalfa.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Posisi Skarifikasi Benih dan Perendaman Air Kelapa terhadap Perkecambahan Biji dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Arya Agung Pranata ◽  
Asil Barus ◽  
Meiriani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Germination And Growth

The problem of generative propagation of soursop is its seeds take a long time to germinate which are caused by the hard seed coat. The solution to solve that problem is scarification and coconut water soaking to simply the process of imbibition and seed germination and also stimulate the growth of shoot. This objective of the research was to determine the effect of the scarification position and the soaking with various concentrations of coconut water on seed germination and growth of soursop seedling. This research was held at the Faculty of Agriculture field, the University of Sumatera Utara in March - July 2017. The research used a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replication. The first factor is the scarification position (without scarification, stomach scarification, top scarification) and the second factor is coconut water soaking (0%; 25%; 50%; 75 %). The result of the research showed that the germination rate parameter, germination percentage, crop height, number of leaves, root volume and dry weight of crop significantly higher on without scarification treatment than with scarification treatment. The interaction between the scarification position and soaking with various coconut water concentrations was not significantly affecting the seed germination and growth of soursop seedling.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY MEDIA ON VIOLA (Viola cornuta L.) SEEDLING GROWTH PERFORMANCE

Agric ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Alfa Sada Saputra ◽  
Suprihati Suprihati
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Germination And Growth

Electrical conductivity (EC) of nursery medium will affect germination and growth of viola (Viola cornuta L.) seedling. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of various ECs of growing medium on germination and  growth of viola seedling. Research was carried out in December 2016 - January 2017 in nursery room of PT. Selektani Horticulture, Ngablak, Magelang. There were 9 EC treatments repeated 3 times therefore 27 units of experiment were tested. The observed parameters includeds germination rate (DB), and speed (KCT), plant height, number of leaves, shoot dry weight (BKBA) and root dry weight (BKA). Data were analyzed using regression and correlation tests. This study showed that there was a linear relationship between EC and DB as well as between EC and KCT. This is indicated by the following equations y = -20.771x + 99 504 (R2 = 0.9653, n = 27, y = germination (%), x = EC (dS / m) 0 HSS) and y = -5.1109x + 21.6 (R2= 0.8765, n=27, y= KCT (%KN/24hours). The critical EC needed to reach germination rate of higher than 80% was 0.94 dS/m. The correlations between DB and ec as well as KCT and EC were significant: respectively -0.98251 and -0.93621 (n = 27). The Relationships between EC and plant height, number of leaves, BKBA as well as BKA were quadratic. The optimum EC needed for seedling growth was 2.44-2.60 dS/m. The correlation betweenplant height and number of leaves was very strong as showed by the value at 0.9212. The correlation between BKBA and BKA was strong and this was indicated by the value of 0.7561.

scholarly journals Investigating of a wide range of concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on germination and growth of castor seeds (Ricinus communis L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Fathi ◽  
Ramazan-Ali Khavari Nejad ◽  
Homa Mahmoodzadeh ◽  
Taher Nejad Satari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract Carbon nanotubes act as regulators of plant germination and growth and are able to change the morphology and physiology of plant cells. The castor plant (Ricinus communis L.) belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is a very important medicinal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 10 different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 250 and 500 μg · ml−1) alongside the control under laboratory conditions on the germination and growth of castor seedlings. The results demonstrated that the maximum percentage of germination (96.7%) and relative germination percentage (100%) were found in the concentrations of 50 and 100 μg · ml−1, respectively, and the highest germination rate (53.3%) and the mean germination time (4.6 days) was seen in the concentration of 75 μg · ml−1. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the different concentrations in any of the germination factors. In the concentration of 100 μg · ml−1, there was a significant increase in the seedling vigor index I (400) when compared with the concentrations of 5 and 10 μg · ml−1. The maximum seedling vigor index II (11.3) was found in the concentration of 100 μg · ml−1 and was significantly different from the control and all applied concentrations. The length of radicle in the 100 and 125 μg · ml−1 had a significant increase when compared with the control and the concentrations of 10 and 50 μg · ml−1. The maximum seedling length (4.6 cm) was seen in the concentration of 100 μg · ml−1 where there was a significant increase with 10 μg · ml−1. Moreover, in the 100 μg · ml−1 concentration, the largest number of rootlets (8.6) was seen and when compared with the control and concentrations of 5, 10 and 50 μg · ml−1, there was a statistically significant increase. The maximum wet weight (0.3 g) and dry weight (0.1 g) of seedlings were obtained in the concentration of 100 μg · ml−1 and when compared with the control, there was a significant increase. It was found that in all factors related to the growth of seedlings, the concentrations of 10 and 50 MWCNTs had an inhibitory effect on the response index. The MWCNTs concentration of 100 μg · ml−1 was considered as the optimum concentration in the growth stage of castor seedlings.

Salinity Tolerance of Black Gram Cultivars During Germination and Early Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Hasan ◽  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.R. Islam ◽  
H.N. Ismaan ◽  
A. El Sabagh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Black Gram

Abstract A laboratory experiment regarding germination and seedling growth test was conducted with three black gram genotypes tested under three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mM), for 10 days, in sand culture within small plastic pot, to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics. Different germination traits of all black gram genotypes, like germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) greatly reduced, as well as mean germination time (MGT) increased with increasing salt stress. At high salt stress, BARI Mash-3 provided the highest GP reduction (28.58%), while the lowest was recorded (15.79% to control) in BARI Mash-1. Salinity have the negative impact on shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights. The highest (50.32% to control) and lowest reduction (36.39%) of shoot length were recorded in BARI Mash-2 and BARI Mash-1, respectively, under 150 mM NaCl saline conditions. There were significant reduction of root lengths, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in all genotypes under saline condition. The genotypes were arranged as BARI Mash-1 > BARI Mash-3 > BARI Mash-2, with respect to salinity tolerance.

Effects of Temperature and CO2Concentration on the Growth of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata), and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Patterson ◽  
Maxine T. Highsmith ◽  
Elizabeth P. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf were grown in controlled-environment chambers at day/night temperatures of 32/23 or 26/17 C and CO2concentrations of 350 or 700 ppm. After 5 weeks, CO2enrichment to 700 ppm increased dry matter accumulation by 38, 26, and 29% in cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf, respectively, at 26/17 C and by 61, 41, and 29% at 32/23 C. Increases in leaf weight accounted for over 80% of the increase in total plant weight in cotton and spurred anoda in both temperature regimes. Leaf area was not increased by CO2enrichment. The observed increases in dry matter production with CO2enrichment were caused by increased net assimilation rate. In a second experiment, plants were grown at 350 ppm CO2and 29/23 C day/night for 17 days before exposure to 700 ppm CO2at 26/17 C for 1 week. Short-term exposure to high CO2significantly increased net assimilation rate, dry matter production, total dry weight, leaf dry weight, and specific leaf weight in comparison with plants maintained at 350 ppm CO2at 26/17 C. Increases in leaf weight in response to short-term CO2enrichment accounted for 100, 87, and 68% of the observed increase in total plant dry weight of cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf, respectively. Comparisons among the species showed that CO2enrichment decreased the weed/crop ratio for total dry weight, possibly indicating a potential competitive advantage for cotton under elevated CO2, even at suboptimum temperatures.

scholarly journals Accelerating Seed Germination and Juvenile Growth of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Manage Climate Variability through Hydro-Priming

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Siaka Dembélé ◽  
Robert B. Zougmoré ◽  
Adama Coulibaly ◽  
John P. A. Lamers ◽  
Jonathan P. Tetteh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Early Season

Agriculture in Mali, a country in Sahelian West Africa, strongly depends on rainfall and concurrently has a low adaptive capacity, making it consequently one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change worldwide. Since early-season drought limits crop germination, and hence growth, ultimately yield during rain-fed depending on production is commonly experienced nowadays in Mali. Germination and establishment of key crops such as the staple sorghum could be improved by seed priming. The effects of hydro-priming with different water sources (e.g., distilled, tap, rain, river, well water) were evaluated respectively for three priming time durations in tepid e.g., at 25 °C (4, 8, and 12 h) and by hot water at 70 °C (in contrast to 10, 20, and 30 min.) in 2014 and 2015. Seed germination and seedling development of nine sorghum genotypes were monitored. Compared to non-primed seed treatments, hydro-priming significantly [p = 0.01] improved final germination percentage, germination rate index, total seedling length, root length, root vigor index, shoot length, and seedling dry weight. The priming with water from wells and rivers resulted in significant higher seed germination (85%) and seedling development, compared to the three other sources of water. Seed germination rate, uniformity, and speed were enhanced by hydro-priming also. It is argued that hydro-priming is a safe and simple method that effectively improve seed germination and seedling development of sorghum. If used in crop fields, the above most promising genotypes may contribute to managing early season drought and avoid failure of seed germination and crop failure in high climate variability contexts.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Chitosan and SiO2 Nanoparticles to Seed Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faride BEHBOUDI ◽  
Zeinalabedin TAHMASEBI SARVESTANI ◽  
Mohamad Zaman KASSAEE ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohamad MODARES SANAVI ◽  
Ali SOROOSHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.  

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PRIMING WITH SILVER FIR AND OREGANO ESSENTIAL OILS ON SEED GERMINATION AND VIGOUR OF SILENE SENDTNERI

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Erna Karalija ◽  
Fatima Pustahija ◽  
Adisa Parić
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Oregano Oil

UDK: 582.661.51:631.53.027]:547.913 In order to investigate the effects of seed priming with silver fir and oregano essential oils on certain important seedling characteristic and seed vigour of interesting endemic and horticultural species Silene sendtneri, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with three replications. Traits such as germination rate, water content, dry weight, vigour index and photosynthetic pigments were analysed. Results revealed that the seedlings obtained with priming seeds showed increased growth, water content, vigour and photosynthetic pigment contents but decreased germination rate and dry weight compared with that obtained with non-primed seeds. Analysis of seed priming effects had demonstrated even germination rate is smaller the seedling vigour is slightly higher especially with all oregano oil treatments. We suggest that oregano oil has a potential as a priming agent for improvement of seedling synchrony, although at lower rate of germination.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document