Some Commercial Atlantic Herring Oils; Fatty Acid Composition

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 991-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
C. A. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid

Twelve commercial samples of oil from Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) were examined for fatty acid composition by gas–liquid chromatography. Individual fatty acid components varied widely between these oils, but an assessment of the respective totals of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated acids from these oils and from oils of other species has led to an empirical formula giving the total per cent polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine oils as: total polyunsaturated fatty acids = 10.7 + 0.337 (iodine value oil — 100)In the Atlantic herring oils studied the average proportions of the saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 20, 60, and 20%, respectively. In comparison with herring oil analyses reported from other areas the total saturated acids in the Atlantic herring oils are slightly lower, but there is general agreement that hexadecanoic acid averages about 60% of the total saturated fatty acids. Relationships which are fairly consistent among other acids and apparently not related to iodine value include the ratio of hexadecanoic acid to hexadecenoic acid plus octadecenoic acid, the ratio of C20 and C22 successor acids to C18 linoleic-type precursor acids, and the ratio of linolenic-type acids compared to immediate precursors of the same chain length. As iodine value increases the saturated acids increase slightly, and in the linolenic type acids the ratio of C20 to C18 fatty acids increases more noticeably than the ratio of C22 to C18. The ratio of C22 to C20 linolenic-type acids accordingly decreases with increasing iodine value. The ratio of total linolenic-type acids to total linoleic-type acids apparently increases with increasing iodine value. Comparisons are made with oil analyses of clupeids taken in other oceanic areas.

Canadian Marine Oils of Low Iodine Value: Fatty Acid Composition of Oils from Newfoundland Turbot (Greenland Halibut), Certain Atlantic Herring, and a Sablefish

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2563-2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
C. A. Eaton ◽  
P. J. Ke
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Marine Oils ◽  
Greenland Halibut ◽  
Iodine Values

Marine oils with iodine values in the range 83–108 from Newfoundland turbot or Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides), sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), and certain Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), were examined for fatty acid composition by gas–liquid chromatography. The herring oils differed from the other oils in having high levels of C20and especially C22fatty acids (chiefly monounsaturated). The sablefish oil had a high level of C18fatty acids, the turbot oil a composition intermediate between the herring and sablefish oils. All of these oils contained moderate amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (7.3–14.4%). The low iodine values were primarily due to monounsaturated fatty acids and not to saturated fatty acids (17.1–21.0%)

Study on Fatty Acid Composition and Variation Analysis of Tung Oils in China by GC/MS

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 2018-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Jian Ling Xia ◽  
Shou Hai Li ◽  
Kun Huang ◽  
Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Octadecatrienoic Acid ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tung Oil

To study the fatty acid composition and analysis the variation among the samples of tung oil collected from Guangxi，Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces of China．Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) were employed to determine the fatty acid composition of tung oil．The results show that the main composition of the tung oil in China are n-hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, α-octadecatrienoic acid, β-octadecatrienoic acid. Tung oil contains octadecatrienoic acid 72.56～88.59% and polyunsaturated fatty acids 80.26~92.39%. The content of octadecatrienoic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids in tung oil are different between different regions and different varieties.

PSVI-21 Fatty acid composition of blood lipids in lambs of different genotypes in ontogeny

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Karpova ◽  
Ludmila Chizhova ◽  
Eugenia Surzhikova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

Abstract The early period of postnatal ontogeny of sheep is characterized by a variety of metabolic processes that result in the formation and consolidation of a certain type of metabolism. A special role is played by lipids, which together with proteins and carbohydrates constitute the bulk of organic compounds, cells and the organism as a whole. The purpose of this research was to study the polymorphism of CAST and GH genes as well as its association with the fatty acid composition of blood plasma lipids in lambs. The content of fatty acids was determined by gas-liquid chromatography in the form of methyl esters. From the data obtained, it follows that in all studied ontogeny periods the peripheral blood of sheep with CASTNN and CASTMM genotypes had a higher concentration of fatty acids such as palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids. The content is as follows: 27.58, 45.40, 3.16, 0.28% vs. 26.21, 45.31, 3.62, 0.18% at the age of 2 months; 25.07, 43.25, 6.05, 1.74% vs. 23.24, 38.76, 6.49, 1.32% at the age of 4 months; 20.64, 22.26, 14.17, 3.38% vs. 17.64, 19.91, 15.07, 2.46% at the age of 8 months (P ˂ 0.05), (P ˂ 0.01). Studies of blood lipid composition of GHBBand GHAA genotype carriers showed that palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids were dominant: 27.95, 27.96, 19.04% vs. 26.08, 23.88, 17.56% at the age of 2 months, 46.87, 39.87, 22.37% vs. 3.24, 6.87, 15.56% at the age of 4 months; 0.45, 1.68, 3.81% vs. 0.29, 1.29, 3.19% at the age of 8 months (P ˂ 0.05), (P ˂ 0.01). Thus, this study emphasizes that there is a close relationship between the ratio of fatty acids in total blood lipids in lambs and the intensity of growth and development, ensuring and controlling the direction of biochemical processes in the growth and development of young sheep.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of night-scented stock (Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC.) raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Viktoriia O. Pinkevych ◽  
Moeen F. Dababneh ◽  
Nadiia Ye. Burda ◽  
Iryna O. Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Similar Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Domestic Plant ◽  
Plant Sources

Abstract Introduction. With due consideration of the properties of fatty acids, as well as their importance for normal life activity and human development, research into the fatty acid composition of poorly studied plants and the search for new domestic plant sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids is a mainstream trend in modern pharmacy. Aim. Aim of research – determination of fatty acid qualitative composition and content in threshed grass, stalks, roots and seeds of Night-scented stock ‘Queen of Night’ and ‘Evening Scent’ cultivars as grown in Ukraine. Methods. Gas chromatography. Results. Both cultivars of Night-scented stock taken for analysis had similar fatty acid composition – 5 saturated, 5 (4 for seeds) monounsaturated and 2 polyunsaturated fatty acids, Quantitatively, in all tested parts of the herb polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acid dominated, making in total 88.92% and 88.62% in the seeds of Queen of Night and Evening Scent cultivars, respectively, and averaging 65% in other parts of the tested cultivars. Linolenic and linoleic acids prevailed among the polyunsaturated fatty acids, whereas oleic acid prevailed among the monounsaturated. Conclusion. Night-scented stock can be utilized as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids for the development of drugs and for standardization of tested raw materials.

scholarly journals Studies on Fatty Acid Composition and Proximate Analyses of Anethum Sowa L. (Dill) Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moshfekus Saleh-E-In ◽  
Sudhangshu Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Anethum Sowa ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Anethum sowa L. (Dill) seeds were investigated to determine the fatty acid composition and proximate analyses. The seeds contain 9.36 % fatty oil. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contributed 6.22% and 93.78% respectively of the oil. The per cent composition of the extracted oil was identified by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Among the six fatty acids identified from this study oleic acid contributed the highest proportion (87.10%), where as, linolenic, palmitic, stearic, behenic and arachidic all together contributed the rest (12.90%). Proximate analyses showed that A. sowa. seeds are good source of dietary fibre. Overall Dill seeds oil can be considered as a good source of oleic acid. Key words: Anethum sowa, dill seed oil, fatty acid composition, oleic acid, linolenic acid, Gas liquid chromatography. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 455-464, 2007

Iron deficiency during pregnancy and lactation modifies the fatty acid composition of the brain of neonatal rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Rees ◽  
Susan M. Hay ◽  
Helen E. Hayes ◽  
Valerie J. Stevens ◽  
Lorraine Gambling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Neonatal Brain ◽  
Iron Deficient

AbstractIron deficiency is common in pregnant and lactating women and is associated with reduced cognitive development of the offspring. Since iron affects lipid metabolism, the availability of fatty acids, particularly the polyunsaturated fatty acids required for early neural development, was investigated in the offspring of female rats fed iron-deficient diets during gestation and lactation. Subsequent to the dams giving birth, one group of iron-deficient dams was recuperated by feeding an iron-replete diet. Dams and neonates were killed on postnatal days 1, 3 and 10, and the fatty acid composition of brain and stomach contents was assessed by gas chromatography. Changes in the fatty acid profile on day 3 became more pronounced on day 10 with a decrease in the proportion of saturated fatty acids and a compensatory increase in monounsaturated fatty acids. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the n-6 family were reduced, but there was no change in the n-3 family. The fatty acid profiles of neonatal brain and stomach contents were similar, suggesting that the change in milk composition may be related to the changes in the neonatal brain. When the dams were fed an iron-sufficient diet at birth, the effects of iron deficiency on the fatty acid composition of lipids in both dam’s milk and neonates’ brains were reduced. This study showed an interaction between maternal iron status and fatty acid composition of the offspring’s brain and suggests that these effects can be reduced by iron repletion of the dam’s diet at birth.

Influence of Altered Fatty Acid Composition on Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes to Antimicrobials

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. JUNEJA ◽  
P. M. DAVIDSON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds

The sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and ATCC 19114 to antimicrobial compounds was altered when bacterial membrane lipid composition was modified by growth in the presence of added fatty acids. Analysis of cellular fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography indicated that L. monocytogenes Scott A cells contained 0.97, 2.32, 0.81, and 0.72% (relative) of C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:l, respectively. In the presence of exogenously supplied C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:l, the percentages increased to 14.03, 30.92, 16.30, and 27.90%. Average MICs for L. monocytogenes Scott A and ATCC 19114 to sodium chloride, tertiary butylhydroquinone, methyl paraben, and propyl paraben were 10.0%, 81, 1406, and 544 μg/ml, respectively. Growing either strain in the presence of 50 μg/ml of either exogenously added C14:0 or C18:0 fatty acids increased their resistance to the four antimicrobial compounds. However, growth in the presence of C18:1 led to increased sensitivity to the antimicrobial agents. The results indicate that the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes to antimicrobial agents is related to the lipid composition of the cell membrane. Consequently, food preservation processes which alter fatty acid composition of L. monocytogenes could result in changes in antimicrobial susceptibility.

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