A comparative study of the fatty acids of some micrococci

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1503-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Girard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Branched Chain

A comparative study was made of the fatty acids of several gram-positive, -variable, and -negative micrococci. The fatty acids detected in M. diversus, M. denitrificans, and M. cerificans (Acinetobacter cerificans) were similar to those previously reported in gram-negative cocci and bacilli. The major fatty acid was oleic acid and the next most abundant acids were palmitic and palmitoleic. Micrococcus agilis, a gram-positive bacterium, was shown to have a branched-chain methyltetradecanoic acid as the major component (72%). Branched-chain and odd-numbered carbon acids as well as copious amounts of palmitic and palmitoleic acids were found in M. roseus, a gram-variable organism. Correlations were made between fatty acid composition, cell wall structure, and gram reaction of M. agilis, M. roseus, and M. cerificans. Micrococcus agilis demonstrated a typical amorphous gram-positive wall, M. roseus was shown to have a layered wall, and M. cerificans had a cell wall characteristic of gram-negative bacteria. The relationship of fatty acid composition and ultrastructure to the taxonomic position of the "problematic" micrococci was discussed.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Caprine Milk: Major, Branched-Chain, and Trans Fatty Acids

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alonso ◽  
J. Fontecha ◽  
L. Lozada ◽  
M.J. Fraga ◽  
M. Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Caprine Milk ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Phospholipid and fatty acid composition in mitochondria from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves and petioles. A comparative study

1987 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Edman ◽  
I Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minor Lipids

Essentially chlorophyll-free mitochondria from photosynthetic (leaf) and non-photosynthetic tissue (petiole) were isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Leaf mitochondria were found to contain more phosphatidylcholine than phosphatidylethanolamine compared with petiole mitochondria. Galactolipids were found in small and equal amounts (5 mol of galactolipids/100 mol of galactolipids and phospholipids) in both leaf and petiole mitochondria. Fatty acid composition showed a significant difference in the amounts of C18:2 and C18:3 acids. The C18:2/C18:3 ratio was more than twice as high in all of the phospholipids studied from petiole mitochondria compared with the ratio in leaf mitochondria. More than 50% (mol/100 mol) of the fatty acids in the major lipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin) in petiole mitochondria were C18:2. In the minor lipids (phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol), C16:0 dominated in both leaf and petiole mitochondria.

scholarly journals Variation of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids Marks the Normal Physiological Range for Growth in Listeria monocytogenes

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2809-2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Nichols ◽  
Kirsty A. Presser ◽  
June Olley ◽  
Tom Ross ◽  
Tom A. McMeekin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT The fatty acid composition of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A was determined by close-interval sampling over the entire biokinetic temperature range. There was a high degree of variation in the percentage of branched-chain fatty acids at any given temperature. The percentage of branched C17 components increased with growth temperature in a linear manner. However, the percentages of iso-C15:0 (i15:0) and anteiso-C15:0 (a15:0) were well described by third-order and second-order polynomial curves, respectively. There were specific temperature regions where the proportion of branched-chain fatty acids deviated significantly from the trend established over the entire growth range. In the region from 12 to 13°C there were significant deviations in the percentages of both i15:0 and a15:0 together with a suggested deviation in a17:0, resulting in a significant change in the total branched-chain fatty acids. In the 31 to 33°C region the percentage of total branched-chain components exhibited a significant deviation. The observed perturbations in fatty acid composition occurred near the estimated boundaries of the normal physiological range for growth.

Inactivation of Gram-Positive Bacteria by Novel Phenolic Branched-Chain Fatty Acids

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUETONG FAN ◽  
KAREN WAGNER ◽  
KIMBERLY J. B. SOKORAI ◽  
HELEN NGO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT Novel phenolic branched-chain fatty acids (PBC-FAs) were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against both gram-positive (Listeria innocua, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Pseudomonas tolaasii) bacteria. In addition, PBC-FA derivatives, such as PBC-FA methyl ester mixture, methyl-branched fatty acid mixtures, and trimethylsilyl–PBC-FA methyl esters, were synthesized to study the structure activity relationship. Results showed that PBC-FAs were a potent antimicrobial against gram-positive bacteria with MICs of 1.8 to 3.6 μg/ml. The compounds were less effective against gram-negative bacteria. Derivatives of PBC-FAs and an equimolar mixture of oleic acid and phenol all had MICs above 233 μg/ml against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Comparison of antimicrobial activities of the PBC-FAs with those of the derivatives suggests that the carboxylic group in the fatty acid moiety and the hydroxyl group on the phenol moiety were responsible for the antimicrobial efficacy. Growth curves of L. innocua revealed that PBC-FAs prevented bacterial growth, while MBC-FAs only delayed the onset of rapid growth of L. innocua. Our results demonstrated that the novel PBC-FAs have potential for use as antimicrobials against gram-positive bacteria.

Fatty Acid Composition of Lipids from Sulphuroxidizing and Methylotrophic Bacteria from Thyasirid and Lucinid Bivalves

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gregor Fullarton ◽  
P. Wood ◽  
John R. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Methylotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Lipids of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria isolated fromThyasim flexuosahad large amounts of 18:l(n-7) together with lesser amounts of both 16:l(n-7) and 16:0 as their major fatty acids. Smaller amounts of the cyclopropyl fatty acids, cyclic δ9,10 C16 and especially cyclic δll,12 C18 were also present. A similar pattern was found for methylotrophic bacteria isolated fromThyasira, MyrteaandLucinoma, except that 16:l(n-7) and 16:0 were both present in larger amounts than 18:l(n-7) and small amounts of cyclic δ9,10 C16 and lesser amounts of cyclic All,12 C18 were present in all cases. The fatty acids 18:l(n-7), 16:l(n-7), 16:0, cyclic δ9,10 C16, and cyclic δll,12 C18 were all present in varying amounts in several free-living, non-marine, sulphur-oxidizing bacteria analysed, and in one bacterium both cyclic δ9,10 C18 and cyclic δll,12 C20 were abundant. Branched-chain fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were not detected in any of the sulphur-oxidizing or methylotrophic bacteria analysed. The lipids of the sulphur-oxidizing and methylotrophic bacteria consisted largely of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin. The results are discussed in terms of fatty acids as indicators of nutritional relationships in bacterial-invertebrate symbioses.

The Fatty Acid Composition of Vernix caseosa

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
DT Downing
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vernix Caseosa ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The fatty acids obtained on hydrolysis of sebum from newly-born babies contained approximately equal amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and 10% of α-hydroxyacids. Gas chromatographic examination showed that the saturated fatty acids (C12 to C30) contained 78% branched-chain and 22% normal compounds, while the unsaturated acids (C12 to C32) contained 15% branched and 85% normal compounds. The a-hydroxyacids (C10 to C26) contained 79% branched-chain and 21% normal components and had little if any unsaturation. The high proportion of branched-chain acids suggests that these are not likely to be exogenous.

PSXV-25 Effects of multiple grass-fed and grain-fed beef systems on meat fatty acid composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
Sarah C Klopatek ◽  
Xiang Yang ◽  
James W Oltjen ◽  
Payam Vahmani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Bioactive Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Retail sales of labeled fresh grass-fed beef in the U.S. have grown from $17 million in 2012 to $272 million in 2016. The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of four typical grass-fed and conventional beef systems raised in the western United States on beef fatty-acid composition. Treatments included: 1) steers stocked on pasture then finished in a feedyard (CON), 2) steers grass-fed for 20 months (GF20), 3) steers grass-fed for 20 months with a 45-day grain finish (GR45), and 4) steers grass-fed for 25 months (GF25). Fatty acids were analyzed with GC using a 100 m CPSil 88 capillary column. All statistical analyses were performed using a GLM procedure in R. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) concentrations were significantly different across treatments (P < 0.05) with GR45 having the lowest SFA of 43% and GF25 having the highest SFA at 46%. Cis-monounsaturated fatty acid (c-MUFA) particularly oleic acid, which is known as a heart healthy fatty acids, were highest for CON at 44% and lowest for GF20 at 37% (P < 0.05). Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) were significantly lower for the grain-fed treatments (0.54 CON and 0.63 GR45; P < 0.05) compared to grass-fed treatments (0.93 GF20 and 0.86 GF25; P < 0.05). The grass-fed treatments were higher in n-3 PUFA (3.67 GF20 and 2.29 GF25) than CON (0.79; P < 0.05), however feeding grain for a short period of time did not decrease n-3 PUFA concentrations to the CON level (GF45 2.51; P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings show that beef from grain-fed beef management systems is higher in c-MUFA, while grass-fed is significantly higher in bioactive fatty acids including CLA and branched chain fatty acids. Additional studies are needed to determine if fatty acid profiles between grass-fed and grain-fed beef would result in different health outcomes for the consumers.

Cellular fatty acid composition of isolates from Legionnaires disease

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
C W Moss ◽  
R E Weaver ◽  
S B Dees ◽  
W B Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acids ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Branched Chain

The cellular fatty acids of four isolates from Legionnaires disease and two antigenically related isolates were identified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and associated techniques. The six isolates had essentially the same fatty acid composition, which was characterized by large amounts (greater than 80%) of branched-chain acids.

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