scholarly journals Phospholipid and fatty acid composition in mitochondria from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves and petioles. A comparative study

1987 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Edman ◽  
I Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minor Lipids

Essentially chlorophyll-free mitochondria from photosynthetic (leaf) and non-photosynthetic tissue (petiole) were isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Leaf mitochondria were found to contain more phosphatidylcholine than phosphatidylethanolamine compared with petiole mitochondria. Galactolipids were found in small and equal amounts (5 mol of galactolipids/100 mol of galactolipids and phospholipids) in both leaf and petiole mitochondria. Fatty acid composition showed a significant difference in the amounts of C18:2 and C18:3 acids. The C18:2/C18:3 ratio was more than twice as high in all of the phospholipids studied from petiole mitochondria compared with the ratio in leaf mitochondria. More than 50% (mol/100 mol) of the fatty acids in the major lipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin) in petiole mitochondria were C18:2. In the minor lipids (phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol), C16:0 dominated in both leaf and petiole mitochondria.

scholarly journals Effect of the Planting Location (Elevation) on the Composition of Fatty Acids in Olive Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Saleh Mohammad Msallam Al-Shdiefat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
The Impact

In Jordan there are different environments and altitudes that have an effect on olive oil properties and fatty acid composition, which therefore affect its quality. Taking into account that there are no previous similar studies in this field, this study investigates the ratios and composition of the main fatty acids in mixed olive oil from different areas in Jordan (above and below the sea level); namely the Jordan Valley, Subaihi, Kufranja and Madaba areas where the elevation ranges between (-230 m) below sea level and (+785 m) above sea level. The study measures the impact of the location of olive orchards on the fatty acid composition of olive oil and of its quality. Three olive oil samples were collected from the “Nabali Muhasan” and “Baladi” varieties from each area. They were analyzed in the National Agriculture Research Center (NARC) laboratories using GAS Chromatography. The results showed that the ratios of fatty acids are significantly affected by the degree of above elevation of the olive trees sea level. This confirms the impact of the geographical and climatic environment, which is reflected on the olive oil quality due to differences in the ratios of fatty acids in the four planting areas. This shows that the mean concentration of the fatty acids in the olive oil in these four planting areas is not equal. In general, there is a significant difference in the fatty acid concentrations compared to the standard concentration because of the planting location of olive trees, given that olive oil fatty acids in each location work together in a balanced integrative relationship.

scholarly journals Modification of skin composition by conjugated linoleic acid alone or with combination of other fatty acids in mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Oikawa ◽  
Tomonori Nakanishi ◽  
Yoshi-nori Nakamura ◽  
Takaya Yamamoto ◽  
Atsuko Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Triacylglycerol Content

The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), linoleic acid (LA), and their combinations, on skin composition in mice were investigated. Mice (8 weeks old) were orally administered with either LA, GLA, CLA, LA + GLA, LA + CLA, or CLA + GLA for 4 weeks. Then, the skin was analysed for triacylglycerol content, fatty acid composition and collagen content. Additionally, thicknesses of the dermis layer and subcutaneous tissue layer, and the size and number of adipocytes were measured histologically. The skin fatty acid composition was modified depending upon the fatty acid composition of supplemented oils. In each oil-alone group, skin triacylglycerol content was the highest in LA, followed by GLA and CLA treatments. Combinations with CLA had a similar triacylglycerol content compared with the CLA-alone group. No significant changes in collagen content were observed among any treatments. The effects on subcutaneous thickness were similar to the results obtained in the triacylglycerol contents, where groups supplemented with CLA alone or other fatty acids had significantly thinner subcutaneous tissue compared with the LA-alone group. However, no significant difference was detected in the thickness of the dermis layers. The number of adipocytes was highest in the LA + GLA group and tended to be reduced by CLA with or without the other fatty acids. These results suggest that CLA alone or in combination with other fatty acids strongly modifies skin composition in mice.

Seasonal Changes in Fatty Acid Composition of Cod Liver, Flesh, Roe, and Milt Lipids

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Jangaard ◽  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
J. C. Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acid compositions of lipids from an isolated population of inshore cod (Gadus morhua L.) caught near Terence Bay, Nova Scotia, were determined each month on pooled samples of representative fish. Cod liver oil was studied over a period of 17 months, cod flesh for 12 months with the fatty acid compositions of milt, roe, flesh, and liver lipids being determined from some large, individual fish.The fatty acids of flesh lipids were independent of sex and showed very little, if any, seasonal changes except a slight variation in the long-chain monounsaturated acid 20:1 (max 2.8% vs. avg 1.6% and 1.1%). This was especially evident in large fish where the maximum (3.7%) coincided with the period of best "condition," August to November. There was also a significant difference between large and medium size fish in that in very large fish the content of 22:6 was much lower (26% vs. 33%). Liver oils in female fish contained increasing amounts of 20:1 (4.5 to 14.9%) and 22:1 (1.8 to 12.3%) fatty acids with increased fat content of the liver, maxima occurring in late summer and fall. In the male fish this seasonal trend was not as obvious. No other acids showed any definite seasonal variation. In the fatty acids of roe and milt lipid no definite relationship could be established between ripening and fatty acid composition. The fatty acids of the milt were similar to the roe except for a higher percentage of 18:1 and lower percentage of 16:1. The unsaponifiable matter was higher in milt than in roe lipids.These results indicate that due to the large variations that can occur in the fatty acid content of lipids from individual fish, a single analysis could give a fatty acid composition quite different from the average of a large number of determinations.

scholarly journals Associations of the SCD1 gene SNP with fatty acids composition of Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00060
Author(s):  
Natalia Yu. Safina ◽  
Shamil K. Shakirov ◽  
Rustam Kh. Ravilov ◽  
Gazimzyan S. Sharafutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Difference

The research presents the findings of DNA testing of allelic polymorphism by the PCR-RFLP method of the SCD1 gene and the relationship of genotypes with the milk fatty acid composition of Holstein cows of Tatarstan population. The research was conducted among 172 Holstein cows at the Integrated Agricultural Production Centre “Stud farm named after Lenin” in Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2017–2018. All genotypes of the SCD1 gene were identified through the research. The milk yield test showed that the maximum content of the mass fraction of fat was in animals with the TT genotype. The significant difference between the content of the mass fraction of fat in milk in individuals by the locus of the SCD1-Fsp4H I gene was: TT to CC – 0.32 % (p < 0.05) and TT to TC – 0.40 % (p < 0.01). The results of chromatography indicate the balance of the milk fatty acid composition of cows with the TT genotype and, as a consequence, its positive effect on the human body. Cows with a homozygous TT genotype are characterized by the optimum ratio of fatty acids in milk fat. The maximum value of the oxygen desaturation index is also observed in animals with the TT genotype by the SCD1 gene.

scholarly journals Assessment of the fatty acid composition of different parts of zebrafish fed diets incorporated with linseed and sunflower oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e113101623177
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Maldonado da Cruz ◽  
Geovane Aparecido Ramos da Silva ◽  
Matheus Campos Castro ◽  
Isadora Boaventura Ponhozi ◽  
Patrícia Magalhães de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid composition of zebrafish fed diets containing linseed oil compared to sunflower oil. First, diets supplemented with linseed and sunflower were formulated, fish were fed for 40 days, and their parts collected for analysis. Diet composition analysis, extraction and derivatization of fatty acids, gas chromatography analysis, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR, and statistical analyses were performed. Linseed oil exhibited an omega-3 rich lipid profile. 18:3n-3 content incorporated into the muscle tissue of fish fed linseed oil was 50% higher than that fed sunflower oil. This higher amount of 18:3n-3 favored the production of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 fatty acids by synthetic pathways in the organism since these fatty acids were not initially found in the oil composition. Furthermore, in all analyzed parts of zebrafish that were fed linseed oil, concentration of 20:4n-6 were lower, while 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were higher compared to the same parts fed with sunflower oil. PCR expression assay showed no significant difference, indicating that linseed oil diet was not harmful. Thus, this work evidenced that synthesis of essential fatty acids, primarily omega-3 fatty acids, was greater in zebrafish upon consumption of diets supplemented with linseed oil. 

scholarly journals Carcass Composition, Meat Quality, Calpain Activity, Fatty Acid Composition and Ribonucleotide Content in Southern Thai Native Goats and Three-Way Crossbred Goats

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
Chanporn Chaosap ◽  
Nantana Chauychuwong ◽  
Ratchasak Chauychuwong ◽  
Chatchai Sriprem ◽  
Panneepa Sivapirunthep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Calpain Activity ◽  
Significant Difference

Carcass composition, meat quality, calpain activity, fatty acid composition, and ribonucleotide content were examined and compared between male Southern Thai native goats (NG, n = 10) and three-way crossbred goats (CG, 50% Boer × 25% Saanen × 25% Southern Thai native, n = 10). All animals were fed 1.5% body weight of concentrate (16% protein and 70% total digestible nutrients) and fresh Napier grass for 4 months. At the end of raising period, the final weight between the two genotypes was not significantly different. The percentage of carcass, bone, and fat of CG were higher than those of NG. NG presented lower shear force values, insoluble and total collagen content but higher collagen solubility and calpain-1 activity at 24 h postmortem. Additionally, NG meat was high in monounsaturated fatty acids but low in saturated fatty acids. However, the amount of ribonucleotide was no significant difference between two genotypes.

scholarly journals Change in Fatty Acid Composition of Serum Lipids in Obese Females after Short-Term Weight Reducing Regimen with the Addition of n-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Comparison To Controls

2008 ◽  
pp. S57-S65 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hlavatý ◽  
M Kunešová ◽  
M Gojová ◽  
E Tvrzická ◽  
M Vecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Chain

Short-term weight-reducing regimens were shown to influence fatty acid composition of serum lipids unfavorably. Adding long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA) to a low-calorie diet (LCD) could avoid these changes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a short-term in-patient weight-reducing regimen including LCD with yogurt enriched by low doses of n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCD). The enriched yogurt contained 790 mg of fish oil, predominantly eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3; DHA). Forty obese women were randomly assigned to the group consuming LCD and joghurt either with or without n-3 enrichment. Following the 3-week diet in the n-3 LCD group a significantly higher increase in the proportion of n-3 LC PUFA (sum of n-3 FA, EPA and DHA) in serum lipids was confirmed. In phospholipids (PL) a significant difference in the sum of n-6 fatty acids was found, a decrease in the n-3 LCD group and an increase in LCD group. Significantly higher increase in the PL palmitate (16:0) was shown in the LCD group. The results suggest that low doses of n-3 fatty acid enrichment can help to avoid unfavorable changes in fatty acid composition in serum lipids after a short-term weight-reducing regimen.

scholarly journals Change of Fatty Acids Compositions (Omega 3, 6, 9) from Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsk) Bekasam Fermented with Different Carbohydrates Sources

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saga Gerlaping Negari ◽  
Eko Nurcahya Dewi ◽  
Laras Rianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Sources

Bekasam is one of fermentation products made from Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsk). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different sources of carbohydrates on fermented waste to fatty acid composition. The method used was experimental laboratories using Completely Randomized Design. The treatment applied was the use of different carbohydrate sources of rice, brown sugar and garlic in the milkfish bekasam production using 3 repetitions. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and continued by Honestly Significant Difference test if there was any effect on the treatment given. The results showed that the difference of carbohydrate sources during fermentation process could affect the composition of fatty acids. Lactic acid bacteria use carbohydrate sources as energy to grow and then hydrolyze fat into fatty acids. The best result was bekasam with the sources of carbohydrate of rice with total value of Lactic Acid Bacteria 7,888 log cfu/g, Total Volatile Base Nitrogen value 34,796 mgN/100ml, lipid content 0,055% and the highest fatty acids compositions. The results of the study showed that the use of different sources of carbohydrate on bekasam had significant effect (P<5%) on the fatty acid composition on bekasam.

Breed differences in the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular lipid of early and late maturing, grain-finished cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 943 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Siebert ◽  
MP Deland ◽  
WS Pitchford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Intramuscular Lipid

Fatty acid composition was measured in lipid extracted from adipose tissue and muscle collected at slaughter from 6 groups of crossbred cattle of about 2 years of age, grain-finished in a feedlot. The cattle ranged in biological type from late to early maturing. They were progeny of the following crosses: Charolais x (Simmental.Hereford), Simmental x (Simmental.Hereford), Charolais x (Jersey.Hereford), Hereford x Hereford, Hereford x (Jersey.Hereford), Jersey x Hereford. The fat content of muscle from the leanest late-maturing cross was 5.2% rising to 10.4% in the fattest early-maturing cross. There was no significant difference in the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat between the 6 crosses, but there was in the concentration of some of the fatty acids of intramuscular lipid. The latter was due on one hand to the increased deposition of neutral lipid in early-maturing animals and on the other to a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipid in late-maturing animals. The proportions of the monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleic (C16:l) and oleic (C18:l) were higher in the early-maturing Jersey x Hereford crosses than in straight-bred Herefords or the other crosses, but only in the C16:l values was there a significant difference between breeds. There was also a significant difference between breeds in the sum of monounsaturates and the sum of polyunsaturates in intramuscular fat. The Jersey crosses had the highest level of monounsaturates and the lowest level of polyunsaturates. Intramuscular phospholipid was examined in the 2 breeds that were the most divergent in terms of intramuscular fat content, the Charolais x (Simmental.Hereford) and the Jersey x Hereford. The latter had significantly higher C16:l values and significantly lower C18:2 and polyunsaturate fatty acid values. The experiment demonstrated that breed differences occurred in fatty acid composition of muscle total lipid and phospholipid. The differences are of significance in human health and in identifying maturity breed-types of cattle.

A comparative study of the fatty acids of some micrococci

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1503-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Girard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Branched Chain

A comparative study was made of the fatty acids of several gram-positive, -variable, and -negative micrococci. The fatty acids detected in M. diversus, M. denitrificans, and M. cerificans (Acinetobacter cerificans) were similar to those previously reported in gram-negative cocci and bacilli. The major fatty acid was oleic acid and the next most abundant acids were palmitic and palmitoleic. Micrococcus agilis, a gram-positive bacterium, was shown to have a branched-chain methyltetradecanoic acid as the major component (72%). Branched-chain and odd-numbered carbon acids as well as copious amounts of palmitic and palmitoleic acids were found in M. roseus, a gram-variable organism. Correlations were made between fatty acid composition, cell wall structure, and gram reaction of M. agilis, M. roseus, and M. cerificans. Micrococcus agilis demonstrated a typical amorphous gram-positive wall, M. roseus was shown to have a layered wall, and M. cerificans had a cell wall characteristic of gram-negative bacteria. The relationship of fatty acid composition and ultrastructure to the taxonomic position of the "problematic" micrococci was discussed.

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