Chemical variability in plumage of wild lesser snow geese

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Kelsall ◽  
W. J. Pannekoek ◽  
Roland Burton
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Lesser Snow Geese ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Young Of The Year

This experiment was designed to show whether there were chemical differences within a population of wild lesser snow geese between the plumage of young of the year and older birds, males and females, left and right wings, and among primary flight feathers 2 to 7, inclusive. The chemical elements Na, Ca, K, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Si were used as variables. Many points of statistically significant difference were found, some reflecting physiological and metabolic differences associated with sex and growth.Tests for analytical error, due to technique or equipment, showed it to be large. That result emphasizes the need to randomize the order in which samples are run in this sort of work, and the need for adequate numbers of samples.

scholarly journals Study of Second and Fourth Digit Lengths and Their Ratios With Physical Attributes in Nepali Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Biswas Satyal ◽  
Abhishek Satyal
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Digit Ratios ◽  
Hand Deformities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: The ratio of the lengths of the index and the ring finger (2D:4D ratio) is generally different between men and women. A number of studies have shown a correlation between the 2D:4D digit ratio and various physical and behavioral traits. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of the index (2nd) and ring (4th) digit ratios with some physical traits in Nepal population. Material & Method: 200 students (100 males and 100 females) between ages of 18 years and above were randomly selected with exclusion of those with hand deformities. The digit lengths were measured from the basal crease to the tips usingvernier calipers. The 2D:4D ratios were determined for each subject while height and weight were used to calculate the body mass index and data analyzed. The study was conducted between January 2018 to November 2018. Result: The result of the anthropometric study of the differences in index (2D) and ring (4D) and their ratios shows that there was a significant difference between the length of index finger (2D), ring finger (4D) and the ratios of right hand's 2D:4D in both males and females. There was appositive correlation between the second digit length and Height and weight in males and females both on right and left sides. The 2D:4D ratio for both left and right hand did not show any positive correlation with height, weight or BMI of an individual.

scholarly journals Study of Palatal Rugae Patterns and their Use in Sex and Ethnicity Identification in a Sample of Adult Egyptians and Malaysians

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
heba a.s.m. hussein ◽  
nermeen a.s. rady
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Population Difference ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alexandria City ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Palatal rugoscopy is the use of palatal rugae for identification of unknown persons. The majority of the population in Egypt consists of Egyptian people. However, some Malaysian people live in Alexandria city of Egypt for the purpose of education. So in case of mass disaster, there is a critical need for a reliable and easy method to differentiate between Malaysians and Egyptians. Aim: Study palatal rugae patterns in two diverse populations; Egyptians and Malaysians and its relation to sex and population difference. Subjects: Eighty students of Alexandria Faculty of Dentistry; forty Egyptians (20 females and 20 males) and forty Malaysians (20 males and 20 females). The age ranged 18-30 years. Results: Significant difference was noted between Malaysian males and females according to total number of rugae on both sides. Malaysians had significantly higher total rugae number on both sides than Egyptians. Curved shape was the predominant shape in the total sample. Significant difference was detected between Egyptians and Malaysians according to the predominant palatal rugae direction on both left and right sides. Egyptian females had significantly higher percentage of absent unification than Egyptian males. Linear regression models for sex and ethnicity identification were built up.

Studies on the sex-ratio and related phenomena. (7) The foetal sex-ratio in the pig

1925 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Approximate Equality ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right

1. Of 583 pig foetuses of all ages, 331 were found to be males and 252 females, giving a male percentage of 56·8, which is much higher than the approximate equality between the sexes that seems to exist at birth. This result confirms Jewell, who found a male percentage of 55 among 1000 cow foetuses.2. These 583 pig foetuses when classified by weight (0–100 gm., 101–300 gm., 301+gm.) gave the following percentages of males for the respective groups, 59·1, 57·0, 53·2. In other words, the percentage of males decreases as gestation proceeds, a result which can only be brought about by a differential mortality of males and females. It would appear that the percentage at conception must be very near 60 per cent. or 150 males per 100 females.3. The sex-ratios of foetuses from the left and right cornua show no significant difference, 55·0 for the right and 54·7 for the left.4. The males were found to average about 7 per cent. heavier than the females.5. There seems to be an inverse correlation between the number of foetuses in a horn and their average weight. Foetuses from the left cornu have a slightly greater weight than those from the right, and this may be connected with the slightly inferior fertility of this horn.6. The excess of males at conception is discussed in the light of the implications of the chromosome mechanism of sex determination, and reference is made to the greater mortality of the males.

Identification of origins of lesser snow geese by X-ray spectrometry

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Kelsall ◽  
Roland Burton
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Pulse Height ◽  
Silicon Detector ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Emission Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Lesser Snow Geese ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
The Times

An attempt to apply computer-controlled. X-ray spectrometric methods for the identification of origins of waterfowl, through the analysis of chemical elements in their primary flight feathers, is described. Materials were gathered from three geographically distinct populations of wild lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens). They were laundered, dried, and irradiated by 25 mCi (1 Ci = 37 GBq) Americium 241. Chemical spectra were developed using a lithium-drifted silicon detector, and a computer-controlled pulse-height analyzer that provided results in 512 channels of emission energy between about 2.3 and 40 keV. Computer programs were written or adapted to process our data. Multivariate discriminant functions were used (among other techniques) to examine potential significant differences between populations, and between different year classes within one population. Attempts were made to classify unknown feathers through use of discriminant functions. Best results were obtained by measuring the areas under K alpha peaks of emission energy for recognizable chemical elements in the spectra and using those, and the times for analysis, as significant variables. Two other methods of using the data are compared with that method. Efforts to discriminate geographically different populations, and to classify unknowns are encouraging. However, there are residual problems to be dealt with.

MICROSCOPIC AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF Ascaridia spp. IN DOMESTIC PIGEONS(Columba livia domestica) IN BAGHDAD CITY,IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1220-1225
Author(s):  
Faraj & Al- Amery
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Molecular Assay ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

Ascaridiosis is a very important parasitic disease of birds, it is caused by Ascaridia. This study was conducted to identify the Ascaridia species by microscopic and molecular assay in Baghdad city. One hundred and sixty fecal samples were collected from domestic pigeons during the period from 1/1/ 2019 to 31/3/ 2019.  Results showed that the rate of infection for Ascaridia spp. 15.62% by microscopic examination.  Significant difference was observed in infection rates between males and females pigeons. Fifty samples randomly selected and subjected to molecular diagnosis of Ascaridia  spp.. Molecular examination results, the total infection rate showed 16%(8/50). The eight  positive PCR products were sequenced and deposited in Gene bank data base, phylogenic analysis demonstrated that 4 sequences belongs to Ascaridia galli ( MK918635.1, MK918636.1, MK918847.1, MK919081.1), while 2 (MK919199.1, MK919200.1) belong to  Ascaridia nymphii and 2 (MK919207.1, MK919264.1)  belong to Ascaridia numidae. It is the first study in Iraq to diagnosis of  Ascaridia nymphii and Ascaridia numidae  in domesticed pigeons by using conventional PCR.

Temporal Changes in Habitat Selection and Nest Spacing in a Colony of Ross' and Lesser Snow Geese

The Auk ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Robert McLandress
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Nest Density ◽  
Snow Goose ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Lesser Snow Geese ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Island Habitats

Abstract I studied the nesting colony of Ross' Geese (Chen rossii) and Lesser Snow Geese (C. caerulescens caerulescens) at Karrak Lake in the central Arctic of Canada in the summer of 1976. Related studies indicated that this colony had grown from 18,000 birds in 1966-1968 to 54,500 birds in 1976. In 1976, geese nested on islands that were used in the late 1960's and on an island and mainland sites that were previously unoccupied. Average nest density in 1976 was three-fold greater than in the late 1960's. Consequently, the average distance to nearest neighbors of Ross' Geese in 1976 was half the average distance determined 10 yr earlier. The mean clutch size of Ross' Geese was greater in island habitats where nest densities were high than in less populated island or mainland habitats. The average size of Snow Goose clutches did not differ significantly among island habitats but was larger at island than at mainland sites. Large clutches were most likely attributable to older and/or earlier nesting females. Habitat preferences apparently differed between species. Small clutches presumably indicated that young geese nested in areas where nest densities were low. The establishment of mainland nesting at Karrak Lake probably began with young Snow Geese using peripheral areas of the colony. Young Ross' Geese nested in sparsely populated habitats on islands to a greater extent than did Snow Geese. Ross' Geese also nested on the mainland but in lower densities than Ross' Geese nesting in similar island habitats. Successful nests with the larger clutches had closer conspecific neighbors than did successful nests with smaller clutches. The species composition of nearest neighbors changed significantly with distance from Snow Goose nests but not Ross' Goose nests. Nesting success was not affected by the species of nearest neighbor, however. Because they have complementary antipredator adaptations, Ross' and Snow geese may benefit by nesting together.

scholarly journals Assessment of new-onset depression and anxiety associated with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hurissi ◽  
Ethar Abu-jabir ◽  
Amnah Mohammed ◽  
Mashael Mahnashi ◽  
Sana Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Arabian Population ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Psychological disorders are common among individuals who experienced COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that females report higher depression and anxiety than males. The present study aims to test the differences in depression and anxiety between males and females who have experienced COVID-19. This a descriptive, observational, comparative study, among Saudi Arabian population. A total of 686 participants have been recruited. Participants completed an online questionnaire that contains questions about sociodemographic, COVID-19, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure anxiety and depression, respectively. Results Twenty-six percent of the participants were excluded and our final sample consisted of 507 participants (median age 23; 65% females). Of the final sample, 23% (118) have been previously diagnosed with COVID-19. There is no significant difference in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores between COVID-19- positive and COVID-19-negative populations. However, females who have experienced COVID-19 reported significantly higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores compared to males. Conclusion The results of our study show that females are significantly at a higher risk for depression and anxiety as a result of COVID-19 infection compared to males. Further epidemiological studies are required for a better understanding of this correlation.

scholarly journals Inter-Limb Jump Asymmetries and Their Association with Sport-Specific Performance in Young Male and Female Swimmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7324
Author(s):  
Max I. Phukan ◽  
Rohit K. Thapa ◽  
Gopal Kumar ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Helmi Chaabene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Level Of Agreement

This study aimed to examine inter-limb jump asymmetries and their association with sport-specific performance in young swimmers. Thirty-eight (male, n = 19; female, n = 19) regional/national level young swimmers (age: 12.3 ± 1.2 years; height: 159.6 ± 8.2 cm; body mass: 52.5 ± 9.2 kg) participated in this study. Inter-limb asymmetries were assessed for single-leg countermovement jump (SLCMJ) and single-leg standing long jump (SLSLJ). Sport-specific performance was evaluated using front crawl (i.e., 50 m and 25 m) and front crawl kick (i.e., 50 m and 25 m). The kappa coefficient revealed a “slight” level of agreement (Κ = 0.156, 0.184, and 0.197 for female, male, and all, respectively) between the direction of asymmetry for SLCMJ and SLSLJ, indicating that asymmetries rarely favored the same limb during both tests. A paired sample t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.025) between asymmetry scores obtained in SLCMJ and SLSLJ. No significant difference was found in asymmetry scores between males and females (p = 0.099 to 0.977). Additionally, no association between asymmetry scores and sport-specific performance was observed (p > 0.05). Our findings highlight the independent nature of inter-limb asymmetries derived from SLCMJ and SLSLJ among young male and female swimmers. Further, our results suggest no association between jumping asymmetries and sport-specific performance.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Foot Status and Motor Status in Preschool Children: A Simple, Comparative Observational Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Milan Kojić ◽  
Branka Protić Gava ◽  
Milan Bajin ◽  
Marko Vasiljević ◽  
Jasmina Bašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The research objective of the study is to determine the differences in the manifestation of the motor status of normally fed preschool test subjects, classified into groups according to foot status. Methods: This is a simple, comparative observational study. Preschool children included in this study have been subjected to anthropometric measurements in order to determine BMI, tests for motor skills assessment (running at 20 m from a high start, standing broad jump, backwards polygon, rectangular seated forward bend, plate tapping, sit-ups for 60 s, and bent arm hang), and a determination of foot status. The total sample was comprised of 202 test subjects who attended a regular sports program, aged 3.9 to 6.5 years of decimal age (M = 141; Age = 5.3 ± 0.74; Height = 117.3 ± 7.1; Weight = 22 ± 3.7; F = 61; Age = 5.1 ± 0.73; Height = 114.9 ± 7.4; Weight = 21.2 ± 3.8), of which 153 (75.7%) were normally fed, 6 (3%) were undernourished, 30 were overweight (14.9%), and 13 were obese (6.4%). Results: In the total sample, 30 (14.9%) subjects had normal arch feet, 90 (44.6%) high arched feet, and 41 (20.3%) flat feet. We found 41 (20.3%) subjects who had different left and right foot statuses within this sample. The data were processed by means of nonparametric tests (the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests) at a significance level p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between groups of subjects with different foot statuses in the manifestation of motor status in most tests, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.01, and in tests of sit-ups for 60 s and the bent arm hang, there is a statistically significant difference, the level of which is p ≤ 0.05. It is only in the inclination test of rectangular seated forward bend that no statistically significant difference was displayed.

Weights of Lesser Snow Geese Taken on Their Winter Range

1979 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Flickinger ◽  
Eric G. Bolen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Range ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Lesser Snow Geese
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