scholarly journals Study of Palatal Rugae Patterns and their Use in Sex and Ethnicity Identification in a Sample of Adult Egyptians and Malaysians

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
heba a.s.m. hussein ◽  
nermeen a.s. rady
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Population Difference ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alexandria City ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Palatal rugoscopy is the use of palatal rugae for identification of unknown persons. The majority of the population in Egypt consists of Egyptian people. However, some Malaysian people live in Alexandria city of Egypt for the purpose of education. So in case of mass disaster, there is a critical need for a reliable and easy method to differentiate between Malaysians and Egyptians. Aim: Study palatal rugae patterns in two diverse populations; Egyptians and Malaysians and its relation to sex and population difference. Subjects: Eighty students of Alexandria Faculty of Dentistry; forty Egyptians (20 females and 20 males) and forty Malaysians (20 males and 20 females). The age ranged 18-30 years. Results: Significant difference was noted between Malaysian males and females according to total number of rugae on both sides. Malaysians had significantly higher total rugae number on both sides than Egyptians. Curved shape was the predominant shape in the total sample. Significant difference was detected between Egyptians and Malaysians according to the predominant palatal rugae direction on both left and right sides. Egyptian females had significantly higher percentage of absent unification than Egyptian males. Linear regression models for sex and ethnicity identification were built up.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Foot Status and Motor Status in Preschool Children: A Simple, Comparative Observational Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Milan Kojić ◽  
Branka Protić Gava ◽  
Milan Bajin ◽  
Marko Vasiljević ◽  
Jasmina Bašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The research objective of the study is to determine the differences in the manifestation of the motor status of normally fed preschool test subjects, classified into groups according to foot status. Methods: This is a simple, comparative observational study. Preschool children included in this study have been subjected to anthropometric measurements in order to determine BMI, tests for motor skills assessment (running at 20 m from a high start, standing broad jump, backwards polygon, rectangular seated forward bend, plate tapping, sit-ups for 60 s, and bent arm hang), and a determination of foot status. The total sample was comprised of 202 test subjects who attended a regular sports program, aged 3.9 to 6.5 years of decimal age (M = 141; Age = 5.3 ± 0.74; Height = 117.3 ± 7.1; Weight = 22 ± 3.7; F = 61; Age = 5.1 ± 0.73; Height = 114.9 ± 7.4; Weight = 21.2 ± 3.8), of which 153 (75.7%) were normally fed, 6 (3%) were undernourished, 30 were overweight (14.9%), and 13 were obese (6.4%). Results: In the total sample, 30 (14.9%) subjects had normal arch feet, 90 (44.6%) high arched feet, and 41 (20.3%) flat feet. We found 41 (20.3%) subjects who had different left and right foot statuses within this sample. The data were processed by means of nonparametric tests (the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests) at a significance level p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between groups of subjects with different foot statuses in the manifestation of motor status in most tests, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.01, and in tests of sit-ups for 60 s and the bent arm hang, there is a statistically significant difference, the level of which is p ≤ 0.05. It is only in the inclination test of rectangular seated forward bend that no statistically significant difference was displayed.

scholarly journals Study of Second and Fourth Digit Lengths and Their Ratios With Physical Attributes in Nepali Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Biswas Satyal ◽  
Abhishek Satyal
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Digit Ratios ◽  
Hand Deformities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: The ratio of the lengths of the index and the ring finger (2D:4D ratio) is generally different between men and women. A number of studies have shown a correlation between the 2D:4D digit ratio and various physical and behavioral traits. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of the index (2nd) and ring (4th) digit ratios with some physical traits in Nepal population. Material & Method: 200 students (100 males and 100 females) between ages of 18 years and above were randomly selected with exclusion of those with hand deformities. The digit lengths were measured from the basal crease to the tips usingvernier calipers. The 2D:4D ratios were determined for each subject while height and weight were used to calculate the body mass index and data analyzed. The study was conducted between January 2018 to November 2018. Result: The result of the anthropometric study of the differences in index (2D) and ring (4D) and their ratios shows that there was a significant difference between the length of index finger (2D), ring finger (4D) and the ratios of right hand's 2D:4D in both males and females. There was appositive correlation between the second digit length and Height and weight in males and females both on right and left sides. The 2D:4D ratio for both left and right hand did not show any positive correlation with height, weight or BMI of an individual.

scholarly journals Potential Predictors of Psychological Wellbeing in Elementary School Students

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Xiaozan Wang ◽  
Shijun Wu ◽  
Jiarong Zhong ◽  
Weiyun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
School Students

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of elementary school students’ manipulative skill competency, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive function with psychological wellbeing (PWB), as well as whether the association had gender differences. Methods: Participants were 291 fourth-grade students (166 boys vs. 125 girls; mean age = 9.770 years old; SD = 0.584) at two elementary schools from the province of Henan in China. The students’ soccer skills in manipulative skill competency were assessed using the PE Metric Assessment Rubric, cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by means of the PACER 15 m test, and cognitive function and PWB were assessed using the d2 test of attention and Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models. Results: The result of linear regression models showed that soccer skills, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive function were collectively associated with PWB for the total sample (F (5, 285) = 3.097, p < 0.01), boys (F (5, 160) = 1.355, p < 0.01), and girls (F (5, 119) = 2.132, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the standardized regression coefficients (β) indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness was the only significant contributor to PWB for the total sample (β = 0.119, t = 2.021, p < 0.05), but not for boys and girls. Soccer skills and cognitive function were not individual significant contributors to PWB for the total sample, boys, and girls. Conclusions: Cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with PWB, and there were no gender differences in the relationship of manipulative skill competency, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive function with PWB in elementary school students. This study provides empirical evidence that improving cardiorespiratory fitness is an important intervention strategy to promote elementary school students’ PWB.

Dying From COVID-19 or With COVID-19: A Definitive Answer Through a Retrospective Analysis of Mortality in Italy (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rovetta ◽  
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND COVID-19 mortality was associated with several reasons, including conspiracy theories and infodemic phenomena. However, little is known about the potential endogenous reasons for the increase in COVID-19 associated mortality in Italy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to search the potential endogenous reasons for the increase in COVID-19 mortality recorded in Italy during the year 2020 and evaluate the statistical significance of the latter. METHODS We analyzed all the trends in the timelapse 2011-2019 related to deaths by age, sex, region, and cause of death in Italy and compared them with those of 2020. Ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regressions and ARIMA (p, d, q) models were applied to investigate the predictions of death in 2020 as compared to death reported in the same year. Grubbs and Iglewicz-Hoaglin tests were used to identify the statistical differences between the predicted and observed deaths. The relationship between mortality and predictive variables was assessed using OLS multiple regression models. RESULTS Both ARIMA and OLS linear regression models predicted the number of deaths in Italy during 2020 to be between 640,000 and 660,000 (95% confidence intervals range: 620,000 – 695,000) and these values were far from the observed deaths reported (above 750,000). Significant difference in deaths at national level (P = 0.003), and higher male mortality than women (+18% versus +14%, P < 0.001 versus P = 0.01) was observed. Finally, higher mortality was strongly and positively correlated with latitude (R = 0.82, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the absence of historical endogenous reasons capable of justifying the increase in deaths and mortality observed in Italy in 2020. Together with the current knowledge on the novel coronavirus 2019, these findings provide decisive evidence on the devastating impact of COVID-19 in Italy. We suggest that this research be leveraged by government, health, and information authorities to furnish proof against conspiracy hypotheses. Moreover, given the marked concordance between the predictions of the ARIMA and OLS regression models, we suggest that these models be exploited to predict mortality trends.

Chemical variability in plumage of wild lesser snow geese

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Kelsall ◽  
W. J. Pannekoek ◽  
Roland Burton
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Lesser Snow Geese ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Young Of The Year

This experiment was designed to show whether there were chemical differences within a population of wild lesser snow geese between the plumage of young of the year and older birds, males and females, left and right wings, and among primary flight feathers 2 to 7, inclusive. The chemical elements Na, Ca, K, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Si were used as variables. Many points of statistically significant difference were found, some reflecting physiological and metabolic differences associated with sex and growth.Tests for analytical error, due to technique or equipment, showed it to be large. That result emphasizes the need to randomize the order in which samples are run in this sort of work, and the need for adequate numbers of samples.

scholarly journals Association of body mass index with morbidity in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000970
Author(s):  
Maria Plataki ◽  
Di Pan ◽  
Parag Goyal ◽  
Katherine Hoffman ◽  
Jacky Man Kwan Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
New York ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Home Discharge ◽  
Significant Difference

PurposeTo evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes other than death in patients hospitalised and intubated with COVID-19.MethodsThis is a single-centre cohort study of adults with COVID-19 admitted to New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine from 3 March 2020 through 15 May 2020. Baseline and outcome variables, as well as lab and ventilatory parameters, were generated for the admitted and intubated cohorts after stratifying by BMI category. Linear regression models were used for continuous, and logistic regression models were used for categorical outcomes.ResultsThe study included 1337 admitted patients with a subset of 407 intubated patients. Among admitted patients, hospital length of stay (LOS) and home discharge was not significantly different across BMI categories independent of demographic characteristics and comorbidities. In the intubated cohort, there was no difference in in-hospital events and treatments, including renal replacement therapy, neuromuscular blockade and prone positioning. Ventilatory ratio was higher with increasing BMI on days 1, 3 and 7. There was no significant difference in ventilator free days (VFD) at 28 or 60 days, need for tracheostomy, hospital LOS, and discharge disposition based on BMI in the intubated cohort after adjustment.ConclusionsIn our COVID-19 population, there was no association between obesity and morbidity outcomes, such as hospital LOS, home discharge or VFD. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the reported effects of BMI on outcomes, which may be population dependent.

scholarly journals Simplicity, Price, Quality of Service and Safety Towards The Decision to Purchase Products Through Shopee.id Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Nursiam Nursiam ◽  
Anastasia Auti Merry Yanissa ◽  
Kurnia Rina Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

This study aims to determine the effect of convenience, price, service quality and safety on product purchasing decisions through the shopee.id application. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. Respondents in this study were accounting students for the 2016 class of the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta, where sampling used the incidental sampling method, with a total sample of 81 respondents. Data analysis techniques used multiple linear regression models. The results of this study indicate that ease, price, and quality of service affect the product purchase decision through the Shopee.id application with each sig value of 0,033; 0,000; and 0,000. Meanwhile, security has no effect on product purchasing decisions through the shopee.id application with a sig value of 0,087. Keywords : ease, price, quality of service, security, decision on purchasing product.

scholarly journals WHISTLEBLOWING INTENTION DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN DAN UMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Indriyana Puspitosari
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Whistleblowing Intention

AbstractBefore someone does whistleblowing, the intention first appears. This study aims to examine whether there are differences in intention to report fraud in terms of gender and age. The respondents of this study were BPK RI auditors from Central Java, with a total sample of 74. The gender variable was divided into two, male and female, while the age variable was divided into under 40 years and over 40 years. The test results show that there are significant differences between males and females regarding their intention to do whistleblowing. The second result is that there is no significant difference between the intention of young auditors and old auditors to conduct whistleblowing. Keywords: Whistleblowing intention, Gender, Age   AbstrakSebelum seseorang melakukan whistleblowing, niat terlebih dahulu muncul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan niat untuk melaporkan kecurangan dilihat dari jenis kelamin dan usia. Responden penelitian ini adalah para auditor BPK RI perwakilan Jawa Tengah dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 74. Variabel Jenis kelamin dibagi menjadi dua yaitu laki-laki dan perempuan, sedangkan variabel usia dibagi menjadi di bawah usia 40 tahun dan di atas usia 40 tahun. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara laki-laki dan perempuan mengenai niat mereka untuk melakukan whistleblowing. Hasil yang kedua yaitu tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara keinginan auditor yang berusia muda dan auditor yang berusia tua untuk melakukan whistleblowing. Kata Kunci: Whistleblowing intention, Jenis Kelamin, Umur 

scholarly journals Emotional Maturity across Gender and Level of Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Ahmad Wani ◽  
Prof. Aejaz Masih
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Male Students ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The University ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of the present study is to identify the level of emotional maturity among university students and to find the significant differences in emotional maturity across gender and their level of education. To achieve the stipulated objectives descriptive method of research was followed. The sample for the present investigation was randomly drawn from different department of Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi. A total sample of 100(50 male & 50 female) including Post Graduates and Research Scholars were selected. The data was collected by administering the Emotional Maturity Scale developed by Prof. Yeshver Singh & Prof. Mahesh Bhargave (1990). The data was then analyzed through Mean, sd and t-test for the comparison of mean scores between groups with the help of SPSS 21. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the post graduate students and research scholars of the university are emotionally unstable. The findings also showed that male students are emotionally immature than females on personality disintegration dimension of emotional maturity. Significant difference was also found between post graduates and research scholars on personality disintegration dimension of emotional maturity. On other dimensions of emotional maturity no difference was found between males and females and post graduates and research scholars University students must be taught to identify their level of emotional maturity, as they are at the highest seat of learning.

scholarly journals Dying from COVID-19 or with COVID-19: a definitive answer through a retrospective analysis of mortality in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rovetta ◽  
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: COVID-19 mortality was associated with several reasons, including conspiracy theories and infodemic phenomena. However, little is known about the potential endogenous reasons for the increase in COVID-19 associated mortality in Italy. Objective: This study aimed to search the potential endogenous reasons for the increase in COVID-19 mortality recorded in Italy during the year 2020 and evaluate the statistical significance of the latter. Methods: We analyzed all the trends in the timelapse 2011-2019 related to deaths by age, sex, region, and cause of death in Italy and compared them with those of 2020. Ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regressions and ARIMA (p, d, q) models were applied to investigate the predictions of death in the year 2020 as compared to death reported in 2020. Grubbs and Iglewicz-Hoaglin tests were used to identify the statistical differences between the predictors and observed death during the year 2020. The relationship between mortality and predictive variables was assessed using OLS multiple regression models. Results: Both ARIMA and OLS linear regression models predicted the number of deaths in Italy during the year 2020 is between 640,000 and 660,000 (95% confidence intervals range: 620,000 - 695,000) and these values were far from the observed deaths reported (n = 750,000). Significant difference in deaths at national level (P = 0.003), and higher male mortality than women (+18% versus +14%, P < 0.001 versus P = 0.01) was observed. Finally, higher mortality was strongly and positively correlated with latitude (R = 0.82, P < 0.001) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the absence of historical endogenous reasons capable of justifying the increase in deaths and mortality observed in Italy in 2020. Together with the current knowledge on the novel coronavirus 2019, these findings provide decisive evidence on the devastating impact of COVID-19 in Italy. We suggest that this research be leveraged by government, health, and information authorities to furnish proof against conspiracy theorists. Moreover, given the marked concordance between the predictions of the ARIMA and OLS regression models, we suggest that these models be exploited to predict mortality trends.

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