Acupuncture Therapy for the Treatment of Tobacco Smoking Addiction

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prasaad Steiner ◽  
Donald Lee Hay ◽  
A. William Davis
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Point Selection ◽  
Pre Treatment

Acupuncture has been reported as an effective treatment for some addictions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate acupuncture treatment effect on the cigarette smoking habit with a motivated population in controlled clinical setting. From a volunteer research population, sixteen matched pairs were assembled according to age, sex and severity of smoking habit. Research subjects were randomly assigned to real or sham acupuncture treatment groups. Self-reported cigarette logs were measured pre-treatment and post-treatment. Analysis of variants confirmed homogeneity of group pre-treatment cigarette consumption. Cigarette consumption significantly decreased in both the real and sham treatments groups. Treatment group, age, sex, or severity of smoking habit were not significant factors in treatment effects for cessation of smoking. Legitimate crossover treatment for sham research group showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in cigarette consumption; this change was not statistically different from change in cigarette consumption during placebo treatment. A discussion of acupuncture point selection rationale is made as is an analysis of Tehchi sensations and subjective reports of appetite for cigarettes. Acupuncture did not enhance the cessation of cigarette smoking in this study.

Quantification of DeQi Sensation by Visual Analog Scales in Healthy Humans after Immunostimulating Acupuncture Treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 753-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kou ◽  
Isabel Gareus ◽  
John D. Bell ◽  
Marion U. Goebel ◽  
Günther Spahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Physiological Outcomes

Acupuncture is the most popular component of traditional Chinese medicine in Western countries. However, the mechanisms of its effects remain unclear. The therapeutic effect of acupuncture appears when a sensation of DeQi is achieved. We previously reported that repeated, but not single acupuncture treatment affected leukocyte circulation and blood pressure in healthy young humans. The objective of this study was to quantify DeQi sensation by using visual analog scales (VASs) and, to test whether DeQi induction is an important factor for the therapeutic effects of acupuncture in the same cohort. After either acupuncture or sham-acupuncture (placebo) treatment, a questionnaire containing five individual VASs was given to subjects to evaluate their DeQi sensation, including numbness, pressure, heaviness, warmth, and radiating paraesthesia, respectively. A separate VA S to measure their levels of anxiety during the treatment was also included. Our results showed that acupuncture significantly induced higher VA S values for numbness, pressure, warmth, and radiating paraesthesia, but not for heaviness than the placebo across three treatment sessions. Additionally, acupuncture did not induce higher anxiety levels than the placebo. These data confirm that VAS is an objective and reliable way to quantify DeQi sensation and, indicate that DeQi is unique to verum acupuncture treatment. Furthermore, either acupuncture-induced therapeutic effects or DeQi sensation should not be attributed to the stress-mediated effects. In summary, the induction of DeQi in each treatment session is an important factor for the physiological outcomes of repeated acupuncture treatment, and VASs offer objective, an easy and reliable way to assess it.

scholarly journals Subtle right ventricular dysfunction in asymptomatic chronic heavy cigarette smokers: a speckle tracking case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Iqbal Janhangeer ◽  
Ghada Youssef ◽  
Weal El Naggar ◽  
Dalia El Remisy
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Right Ventricular Function ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Chronic heavy cigarette smoking can affect the right ventriclular function. The standard echocardiography may not show early right ventricular functional changes, and a more sensitive measure is needed. The aim of this work was to evaluate the subtle subclinical effects of chronic heavy cigarette smoking on the right ventricular function. The study included 55 healthy asymptomatic chronic heavy cigarette smokers (smoking history of at least 5 pack-years and a daily cigarette consumption of at least 1 pack) and 35 healthy non-smoking control subjects. Patients underwent a full clinical assessment and a conventional as well as a 2D-speckle tracking transthoracic echocardiography of the right ventricle and data was compared between the 2 groups. Results The mean age was 32.9 ± 7.2 years in smokers and 30.9 ± 7.9 years in non-smokers (p = 0.227). The 2 groups showed comparable conventional right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. Smokers showed a significantly lower (less negative) right ventricular global longitudinal strain (− 19.0 ± 3.2% vs. − 24.5 ± 3.5%, p < 0.001). Patients with a higher daily cigarette consumption showed a poorer right ventricular global longitudinal strain (p = 0.014). Conclusion Chronic heavy cigarette smoking can adversely affect the right ventricular function, a finding that can be easily missed by conventional echocardiography and can be better detected by the right ventricular speckle tracking.

scholarly journals The cerebral mechanism of acupuncture for chronic insomnia with gastrointestinal disorder: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Xiaojuan Hong ◽  
Yaru Huangfu ◽  
Zhao Sun ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Acupuncture Group ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Real Acupuncture ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Multimodal Mri

Abstract Background Many patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) have gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. First-line insomnia medications do not treat GI problems. Acupuncture has a comprehensive regulative action on both CID and GI disorder and is receiving increasing attention. Recent studies indicate that both CID and GI diseases may cause abnormal brain activity. However, the neurological mechanism underlying the effect of acupuncture on such diseases is still unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the pathological mechanisms of CID with GI discomfort, as well as the main response characteristics of acupuncture treatment from multiple perspectives using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods A total of 60 participants with CID and GI disorders will be randomly divided into two groups (real acupuncture group and sham acupuncture group; ratio of 1:1). Patients will receive 20 sessions (five sessions per week) of real acupuncture treatment or sham acupuncture treatment. The primary outcome is the aggregate score on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Secondary outcomes are scores on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale. Multimodal MRI scans and clinical assessments will be performed both at baseline and post-treatment. Another 30 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy subjects will be recruited as controls and will receive MRI scans and clinical evaluations. Discussion This study aims to provide scientific evidence for the mechanism of acupuncture in treating CID with GI disorder using multimodal MRI imaging data on brain structure, function, and metabolism. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800017092 (URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27173). Registered on July 11, 2018.

Immediate Effect of Acupuncture on the Sleep Pattern of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaflávia O Freire ◽  
Gisele C M Sugai ◽  
Sônia Maria Togeiro ◽  
Luiz Eugênio Mello ◽  
Sérgio Tufik
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Respiratory Events ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After

Background Most patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) do not tolerate treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure, the ‘gold standard’ treatment for this condition. It was shown in a pilot study that acupuncture was more effective than placebo treatment (sham acupuncture) in producing significant changes in the respiratory events assessed by polysomnography (PSG). Objectives To investigate the immediate effect of manual acupuncture (MA) and electroacupuncture (EA) on the sleep pattern of patients presenting with moderate OSA. Methods 40 patients with an Apnoea–Hypopnoea Index (AHI) of 15–30/h were randomly allocated to MA treatment (n=10), EA 10 Hz treatment (n=10), EA 2 Hz treatment (n=10) and a no-treatment control group (n=10). The patients received MA or EA (2 or 10 Hz) just before the PSG study at 20:00. Results The AHI (p=0.005; p=0.005), the Apnoea Index (p=0.038; p=0.009) and the respiratory events (p=0.039; p=0.014) decreased significantly in the MA and EA 10 Hz groups, respectively (AHI (21.9, 11.2), Apnoea Index (5.15, 0.7), respiratory events (120.5, 61.0) in the MA group before and after. AHI (20.6, 9.9), Apnoea Index (8.2, 0.3), respiratory events (117.0, 56.0) in the EA 10 Hz group before and after). The micro-arousals decreased only in the MA group (146.0 vs 88.5, p=0.0002). There were no significant changes in the EA 2 Hz group or in the control group. Conclusion A single session of either MA or EA 10 Hz had an acute effect in reducing the AHI as well as the number of nocturnal respiratory events of patients presenting with moderate OSA.

Efficacy of Acupuncture for Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sung-A Kim ◽  
Sook-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jang-Hoon Kim ◽  
Maurits van den Noort ◽  
Peggy Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Patients with insomnia frequently use acupuncture as an alternative treatment to pharmacotherapy globally. The aim of this paper is to assess the effect of acupuncture on insomnia. Seven medical databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CNKI, RISS, NDSL, and OASIS, were used to identify studies published through July 09, 2020. Twenty-four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this qualitative review comparing acupuncture to either pharmacotherapy or sham-acupuncture therapy. Methodological quality was assessed, using the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB). In the subsequent quantitative meta-analysis of studies comparing acupuncture versus pharmacotherapy, fifteen RCTs demonstrated that acupuncture had a significant effect on patients with insomnia as assessed by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) (RR: –0.74; 95% CI: –1.07 to –0.40; [Formula: see text] ¡0.0001; [Formula: see text] = 89%; [Formula: see text] = 1475). A subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant effect after weeks 1 and 2, but six studies found that acupuncture had a significant effect insomnia at week 3 (RR: –0.97; 95% CI: –1.65 to –0.28; [Formula: see text] = 0.006; [Formula: see text] = 91%; [Formula: see text] = 463) and nine studies demonstrated a significant effect at week 4 (RR: –0.70; 95% CI: –1.15 to –0.25; [Formula: see text] = 0.002; [Formula: see text] = 85%; [Formula: see text] = 594). These results suggest that insomnia patients may experience significant improvement in symptoms after more than three weeks of acupuncture treatment compared to pharmacological treatments.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking and chronic low back pain in the adult population

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alkherayf ◽  
Charles Agbi
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is one of the main causes of disability in the community. Although there have been studies suggesting an association between smoking and LBP, these studies were limited by the small numbers of patients, and they did not control for confounders. The objective of this study was to determine whether cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of chronic LBP among adults. Methods: Using Canadian Community Health Survey (cycle 3.1) data, 73,507 Canadians aged 20 to 59 yr were identified. Self-reported chronic LBP status, smoking habits, sex, age, height, weight, level of activity and level of education were identified as well. Back pain secondary to fibromyalgia was excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to detect effect modification and to adjust for covariates. Design effects associated with complex survey design were taken into consideration. Results: The prevalence of chronic LBP was 23.3% in daily smokers and only 15.7% in non-smokers. Age and sex were found to be effect modifiers (P < 0.0001), and the relationship between smoking and chronic LBP risk was dependent on sex and age. The association between daily smoking and the risk of chronic LBP was stronger among younger individuals. Occasional smoking slightly increased the odds of having chronic LBP. Conclusion: Daily smoking increases the risk of LBP among young adults, and this effect seems to be dose-dependent. Back pain treatment programs may benefit from integrating smoking habit modification. Further research is required to develop effective prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome components: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo City, Venezuela

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valmore Bermudez ◽  
Luis Carlos Olivar ◽  
Wheeler Torres ◽  
Carla Navarro ◽  
Robys Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that cigarette smoking can cause the onset of metabolic syndrome prior to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit and metabolic syndrome components in an adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methods: The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. In this sub-study, 2212 adults from both genders were selected. On the basis of their medical background, they were classified as smokers, non-smokers and former smokers. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Harmonizing 2009 criteria, using population-specific abdominal circumference cut-off points. The association between risk factors was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results: In the studied population, 14.8% were smokers, 15.4% were former smokers. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of metabolic syndrome (smokers: OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.14; p=0.010) and its components were related to cigarette smoking, with the exception of hyperglycemia. High blood pressure was inversely associated with current smoking status (smokers: OR, 0.70 (0.51–0.95); p=0.025). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking represents a related factor with metabolic syndrome, being associated with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, increased abdominal circumference and elevated triacylglyceride levels. Former smokers did not present a greater risk for developing this metabolic disease when compared to non-smokers. The effect of avoiding this habit should be evaluated in future studies in our population.

scholarly journals Effect of Siguan Acupuncture on Gastrointestinal Motility: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Crossover Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Min Shin ◽  
Ji-Eun Park ◽  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Sun-Mi Choi ◽  
Yo-Chan Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acupuncture Group ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Acupuncture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sham Acupuncture Group

Siguan acupoints have been used to treat gastrointestinal symptoms in acupuncture practices for a long time. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Siguan acupuncture on gastrointestinal motility under accelerated conditions using a randomized, sham-acupuncture-controlled, crossover study. Twenty-one healthy male subjects were hospitalized and randomized into either a real acupuncture group (at Siguan acupoints) or a sham acupuncture group. Subjects were administered with mosapride citrate (15 mg a day) for 2 days starting 24 hours before the first acupuncture treatment. Immediately after the administration of radio markers, acupuncture treatment was conducted 4 times at 12-hour intervals. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed using radiograph distribution of the radio-markers located in the small intestine, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, rectum, and outside the body immediately after the first acupuncture treatment and at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. After a 2-week washout period, the real acupuncture group in the first session was treated with sham acupuncture in the second session, and vice versa. Gastrointestinal motility was generally reduced in the real acupuncture group compared with the sham acupuncture group throughout the 4 different time points. A significant difference was observed at 24 hours following the first acupuncture treatment (P<0.05).

scholarly journals Genetic Polymorphism of Glutathione S Transferases M1 and T1 in Indian Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
Luqman A. Khan ◽  
S. A. Husain ◽  
Sajid Husain ◽  
Manash P. Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gstt1 Null Genotype ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Objective:Our aim was to evaluate whether the association of GSTM1/T1 gene polymorphisms modifies the risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and what is its correlation with other predisposing risk factors like alcohol intake, cigarette smoking and hepatitis B and C infections.Study design/setting:It was a case-control study, included 254 HCC cases compared with 525 hospital-based age and sex matched cases of chronic liver disease without HCC as controls from Indian population. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were detected using conventional multiplex PCR method.Results:In this case-control study, we observed a positive correlation between age, HBV and HCV infection, smoking habit of > 20 packs/year, alcohol consumption of > 100 g/day and risk of liver cancer. We found significantly increased risk associated with GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 3.49; 95% CI = 2.52–4.84) as well as GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 2.19–4.45), respectively. However, an increased risk of HCC was observed among heavy drinkers with GSTM1 (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.11–3.66). Further, cigarette smoking showed a non-significant association with GSTT1 (OR = 1.49; CI = 0.69–3.25).Conclusion:Our results suggest that the variants in low penetrance gene such as GSTM1 and GSTT1 are associated with an increased liver cancer risk. Further, an influence of GSTM1/T1 null genotypes may contribute in the etiology of HCC in patients with higher cigarette and alcohol consumption.

A Traditional Chinese View of Acupuncture for Neurological Disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-90
Author(s):  
Mingyuan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Chinese View

Acupuncture is mainly based on neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. There are peripheral nerves and terminals at each acupuncture point. Suggested acupuncture treatment for selected neurological disorders is presented, showing that acupuncture can play a useful role in the neurology department.

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