QoS provisioning-based routing protocols using multiple data sink in IoT-based WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (29) ◽  
pp. 1950235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Verma ◽  
Neetu Sood ◽  
Ajay Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Qos Provisioning ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Multiple Data

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising paradigm in which the objects are fused with the capabilities of sensing, networking, identifying and processing to make it feasible for them to communicate with one another and with the other dedicated devices over the Internet to acquire some goals. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based IoT has proliferated its manifold applications in almost every sector of human lives. Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in WSN-based IoT still requires significant research attention. In this paper, QoS provisioning-based routing protocols are proposed that use multiple data sinks in WSN-based IoT. The proposed protocols are named as Optimized-Energy and Threshold Sensitive Stable Election Protocol (O-ETSSEP) and Multiple data Sinks-based Optimized-ETSSEP (MSO-ETSSEP). The Cluster Head (CH) selection is optimized by incorporating distance, residual energy, node density and energy threshold factors in both protocols. Both protocols use three levels of energy heterogeneity for the energy balancing in the network. MSO-ETSSEP employs multiple (four) data sinks around each periphery of the square-shaped network to mitigate the hot-spot problem by circumventing multi-hop communication. The performance evaluation of these protocols is done based on the QoS provisioning performance metrics. The simulation results obtained confirm the superiority of the proposed protocols over the state-of-the-art protocols.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Cross Layer Based Multi-Hop Clustered Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11996-12003
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
User Friendly

Wireless Sensor network becomes an essential part of Internet of things paradigm due their scalability, ease of deployment and user-friendly interface. However, certain issues like high energy consumption, low network lifetime and optimum quality of service requirement force researchers to develop new routing protocols. In WSNs, the routing protocols are utilized to obtain paths having high quality links and high residual energy nodes for forwarding data towards the sink. Clustering provide the better solution to the WSN challenges by creating access points in the form of cluster head (CH). However, CH must tolerate additional burden for coordinating network activities. After considering these issues, the proposed work designs a moth flame optimization (MFO) based Cross Layer Clustering Optimal (MFO-CLCO) algorithm to consequently optimize the network energy, network lifetime, network delay and network throughput. Multi-hop wireless communication between cluster heads (CHs) and base station (BS) is employed along with MFO to attain optimum path cost. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms existing schemes in terms of energy consumption, network lifetime, delay and throughput.

Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Heterogeneous WSN

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 3976-3979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xin Liu ◽  
Xiao Meng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Cluster Head Election ◽  
Balancing Energy ◽  
Simulation Results

Balancing energy load is a key problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) research. For balancing node energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, this paper proposes an improved routing algorithm EBRA (Energy Balancing Routing Algorithm) based on energy heterogeneous WSN. To maximize the energy efficiency of network nodes, the EBRA weights the probability of cluster head election. According to the estimate value of the network average remaining energy and the residual energy of network nodes, we can calculate the new cluster head election threshold. The simulation results show that the utilization of energy balance of EBRA algorithm is improved 74%, 30% and 23%, compare with LEACH, SEP and DCHS, respectively.

scholarly journals A Effective Cross Layer Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Manisha R. Dhage ◽  
Srikanth Vemuru
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

<span lang="EN-US">In today’s scenario to solve the real world problem heterogeneous wireless sensor is necessary. It consists of different sensor with different sensing capability and different energy level. Routing is important task in HWSN from energy dissipation point of view. In HWSN many routing protocols were proposed but many protocols are for single hop communication between cluster head and sink. Here we have designed multi-hop routing protocol for HWSN, which will be energy efficient and also solve the problem of hot spot using unequal clustering. To make this protocol more energy efficient cross layer information exchange approach is used. Using cross layer communication this protocol will get residual energy, quality of link and neighboring nodes information and this information is used in cluster head selection. Moreover there is no need to do broadcast of residual energy for every round because of RDA (regular data acquisition) nodes. We can predict the energy consumption of node, which will conserve the energy using Energy Efficient Fuzzy Based Cross Layer Protocol (EEFCLP). This proposed protocol can achieve longer sensor lifetime and more energy efficiency.</span>

A Low Energy MCL-Based Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-95
Author(s):  
Mohammed Taieb Brahim ◽  
Houda Abbad ◽  
Sofiane Boukil-Hacene
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Wide Range

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted increasing attention during the two last decades. Indeed, their applications target a wide range of fields such as healthcare, industrial control, environmental monitoring, etc. The main challenge of WSNs is the limitation of resources requiring efficient management of energy consumption. Coverage is also considered as one of the critical indicators of the quality of service (QoS) of WSNs. Therefore, the design of routing protocols should focus on energy efficiency and network coverage. In this paper, the authors propose a novel energy-efficient clustering protocol that is more efficient than some prominent routing protocols and offers better coverage of the network than LEACH. The protocol combines the MCL algorithm for cluster formation and a new cluster head selection strategy based on location and residual energy of sensors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol is better than other protocols in terms of energy management and extending the lifetime of the network, whereas, it achieves good coverage than LEACH.

scholarly journals Dynamic Clustering Protocol for Data Forwarding in Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepali Virmani ◽  
Akshay Jain ◽  
Ankit Khandelwal ◽  
Divik Gupta ◽  
Nitin Garg
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Dynamic Cluster ◽  
Energy Distance ◽  
Network Simulations

Energy being the very key concern area with sensor networks, so the main focus lies in developing a mechanism to increase the lifetime of a sensor network by energy balancing. To achieve energy balancing and maximizing network lifetime we use an idea of clustering and dividing the whole network into different clusters. In this paper we propose a dynamic cluster formation method where clusters are refreshed periodically based on residual energy, distance and cost. Refreshing clustering minimizes workload of any single node and in turn enhances the energy conservation. Sleep and wait methodology is applied to the proposed protocol to enhance the network lifetime by turning the nodes on and off according to their duties. The node that has some data to be transmitted is in on state and after forwarding its data to the cluster head it changes its state to off which saves the energy of entire network. Simulations have been done using MAT lab. Simulation results prove the betterment of our proposed method over the existing Leach protocol.

Distributed Entropy Energy-Efficient Clustering algorithm for cluster head selection (DEEEC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 8139-8147
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Arun ◽  
Rangaswamy Balamurugan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Ch Selection

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) the energy of Sensor nodes is not certainly sufficient. In order to optimize the endurance of WSN, it is essential to minimize the utilization of energy. Head of group or Cluster Head (CH) is an eminent method to develop the endurance of WSN that aggregates the WSN with higher energy. CH for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication becomes dependent. For complete, in WSN, the Energy level of CH extends its life of cluster. While evolving cluster algorithms, the complicated job is to identify the energy utilization amount of heterogeneous WSNs. Based on Chaotic Firefly Algorithm CH (CFACH) selection, the formulated work is named “Novel Distributed Entropy Energy-Efficient Clustering Algorithm”, in short, DEEEC for HWSNs. The formulated DEEEC Algorithm, which is a CH, has two main stages. In the first stage, the identification of temporary CHs along with its entropy value is found using the correlative measure of residual and original energy. Along with this, in the clustering algorithm, the rotating epoch and its entropy value must be predicted automatically by its sensor nodes. In the second stage, if any member in the cluster having larger residual energy, shall modify the temporary CHs in the direction of the deciding set. The target of the nodes with large energy has the probability to be CHs which is determined by the above two stages meant for CH selection. The MATLAB is required to simulate the DEEEC Algorithm. The simulated results of the formulated DEEEC Algorithm produce good results with respect to the energy and increased lifetime when it is correlated with the current traditional clustering protocols being used in the Heterogeneous WSNs.

Developing Multi-Tier Network Design for Effective Energy Consumption of Cluster Head Selection in WSN

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Wan Isni Sofiah Wan Din ◽  
Saadiah Yahya ◽  
Mohd Nasir Taib ◽  
Ahmad Ihsan Mohd Yassin ◽  
Razulaimi Razali
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Network Cluster ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
The Stability

Clustering in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the methods to minimize the energy usage of sensor network. The design of sensor network itself can prolong the lifetime of network. Cluster head in each cluster is an important part in clustering to ensure the lifetime of each sensor node can be preserved as it acts as an intermediary node between the other sensors. Sensor nodes have the limitation of its battery where the battery is impossible to be replaced once it has been deployed. Thus, this paper presents an improvement of clustering algorithm for two-tier network as we named it as Multi-Tier Algorithm (MAP). For the cluster head selection, fuzzy logic approach has been used which it can minimize the energy usage of sensor nodes hence maximize the network lifetime. MAP clustering approach used in this paper covers the average of 100Mx100M network and involves three parameters that worked together in order to select the cluster head which are residual energy, communication cost and centrality. It is concluded that, MAP dominant the lifetime of WSN compared to LEACH and SEP protocols. For the future work, the stability of this algorithm can be verified in detailed via different data and energy. 

scholarly journals EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021
Author(s):  
Zhanserik Nurlan ◽  
Tamara Zhukabayeva ◽  
Mohamed Othman
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Average Power Consumption ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are networks of thousands of nodes installed in a defined physical environment to sense and monitor its state condition. The viability of such a network is directly dependent and limited by the power of batteries supplying the nodes of these networks, which represents a disadvantage of such a network. To improve and extend the life of WSNs, scientists around the world regularly develop various routing protocols that minimize and optimize the energy consumption of sensor network nodes. This article, introduces a new heterogeneous-aware routing protocol well known as Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network or EZ-SEP, where the connection of nodes to a base station (BS) is done via a hybrid method, i.e., a certain amount of nodes communicate with the base station directly, while the remaining ones form a cluster to transfer data. Parameters of the field are unknown, and the field is partitioned into zones depending on the node energy. We reviewed the Z-SEP protocol concerning the election of the cluster head (CH) and its communication with BS and presented a novel extended mechanism for the selection of the CH based on remaining residual energy. In addition, EZ-SEP is weighted up using various estimation schemes such as base station repositioning, altering the field density, and variable nodes energy for comparison with the previous parent algorithm. EZ-SEP was executed and compared to routing protocols such as Z-SEP, SEP, and LEACH. The proposed algorithm performed using the MATLAB R2016b simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed extended version performs better than Z-SEP in the stability period due to an increase in the number of active nodes by 48%, in efficiency of network by the high packet delivery coefficient by 16% and optimizes the average power consumption compared to by 34.

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